灰度基金概况及运作方式

火币资讯Published on 2022-03-13Last updated on 2022-03-13

Abstract

本文简述了灰度基金的运作方式和获利方式

灰度基金概况


灰度基金(Grayscale Investments)是管理加密货币投资基金的公司,总资产管理规模523亿,产品覆

盖了超过 73.4% 的数字货币市场。灰度基金是Digital Currency Group(数字货币风投公司)的子公司

DCG旗下公司包括CoinDesk、Genesis创世纪(比特币场外交易平台)、Foundry(挖矿业务咨

询、设备采购等)、Luno东南亚交易所等。

灰度目前提供13只单一资产投资产品,提供面向BTC、BCH、ETH、ETC、ZEN、LTC、XLM、

ZEC、BAT、MANA、LINK、FIL、LPT的敞口,以及2只多元化资产产品,即灰度数字大市值

基金( Digital Large Cap Fund)和灰度DeFi基金(Grayscale DeFi Fund),投向为流通市

值最高的资产。

灰度数字大盘基金每股成分:

灰度DeFi基金每股成分:

其中9只,分别为比特币信托(GBTC)、比特现金信托(BCHG)、以太坊信托(ETHE) 、

以太经典信托(ETCG)、莱特币信托(LTCN)、Horizen信托(HZEN)、Stellar Lumens

信托(GXLM)、Zcash信托(ZCSH)以及数字大市值基金(GDLC)已在OTC(美国场外股

票交易市场)市场挂牌。全部在 OTCQX (美国场外股票交易市场的最高层级市场)进行交易。

灰度GBTC在2020年1月21日成为SEC报告公司,灰度ETHE在2020年10月12日成为SEC报告

公司,灰度ETCG、LTCN和BCHG在2021年9月左右成为SEC报告公司,成为获得许可的数字

货币投资工具。

灰度基金运作方式

1.现金出资(21%):

2.BTC实物出资(79%): 锁仓6个月,无赎回机

持仓量=已发行份额数* 单位份额持仓量

已发行份额数:只增不减

单位份额持仓量:目前为0.0009333 BTC

2013年GBTC的每股份额大约为0.001枚比特币,GBTC每年2%的管理费(每日核算,月结)

是用币本位收费,所以随着时间增加,每一份GBTC的比特币含量将越来越少。

灰度基金获利方式(以GBTC为例)

1.利用市场价差套利

买入GBTC份额,6个月的锁仓期过后,选择合适的时机在二级市场抛售份额,现金差额扣去相关费

用剩下的就是利润。

2.比特币借贷套利

机构投资者在借贷平台借入BTC,交给灰度置换一级市场份额,锁仓期过后,择时抛售,同时购入

BTC还给借贷平台,溢价收入扣除利息和其他费用就是利润。( Genesis提供这种借贷服务)

3. GBTC份额借贷套利

投资者直接借入GBTC份额,在二级市场择时卖出。同时用现金或比特币在灰度换成GBTC份额,锁

仓期过后偿还借来的GBTC份额。这里涉及到两个费用,一是GBTC的借贷成本,根据网上资料,目

前的借贷成本接近15%,第二个费用是2%的年费,如果GBTC溢价幅度不超过17%,那么此策略失

效。

4.做空GBTC套利(锁定溢价套利)对冲

投资者用现金或者比特币在灰度换成GBTC,同时在GBTC的市价高于资产净值的位置,在场外借入

GBTC并做空。最终无论GBTC上涨还是下跌,盈利都是固定的。

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