浅谈Vitalik力挺的EIP-7702：会牺牲EIP-3074 invoker市场的无限潜能吗？

Odaily星球日报Published on 2024-05-13Last updated on 2024-05-13

Abstract

呼吁EIP-7702迎合了ERC-4337的正统性发展框架，却会限制EIP-3074在「invoker」上的无限潜能，只能算一次「折中」之举。

原文作者：Haotian（X：@tmel0211）

浅谈Vitalik力挺的EIP-7702：会牺牲EIP-3074 invoker市场的无限潜能吗？

如何看待最近被热议的以太坊新提案 EIP-7702 ？简单而言，它就是一个优化进阶版的 EIP-3074 ，更加兼容 ERC-4337 以太坊账户抽象的大战略。但在我看来，呼吁 EIP-7702 迎合了 ERC-4337 的正统性发展框架，却会限制 EIP-3074 在“invoker”上的无限潜能，只能算一次“折中”之举。为什么？接下来，分享下我的观点：

1）从定义上说，ERC-4337 最为大家所熟悉，允许用户 Delegate 权限给一个全新的合约账户地址来控制，进而通过 Paymaster 等代理合约功能实现社交恢复、代付 Gas 等一系列的优化用户操作体验的账户抽象操作。ERC-4337 符合最正统的以太坊权限管理优化发展方向，但要 Onboard 用户到账户抽象系统，要独立于原先的 EOA 地址，会产生较大的“迁移”成本；

EIP-3074 可以通过 AUTH 和 AUTHCALL 操作吗赋予原有的 EOA 地址全新的智能合约能力，每个 EOA 地址可以设置一个 Invoker 逻辑合约来扩展功能，Invoker 有极大的定制交易逻辑和权限控制等功能，足够灵活，缺点是，一旦 invoker 合约作恶则会对用户造成极大的资产损害；

EIP-7702 是一种介于 3074 和 4337 之间的“折中”提案，它升级了 EIP-3074 方案，允许用户只在当前交易下一次性升级自己的 EOA 地址为合约控制状态，在交易结束后又可恢复 EOA 状态。因此可更加贴合 ERC-4337 的账户抽象框架，同时又能约束 EIP-3074 超灵活状态下可能带来的混乱。

2） @VitalikButerin  自然会极力维护 ERC-4337 账户抽象逻辑，像 EIP-3074 这种可能背离 ERC-4337 主线发展的方向，自然不会不被“主动”提倡。很多人担心一旦 3074 方案得到深度发展，结果会诱发以太坊出现“硬分叉”。在我看来，或许过于杞人忧天了，除非将来有一天 ERC-4337 方案被放弃而全面升级用 EIP-3074 ，二者本就是个并行概念。况且，市场已经选择了 4337 为发展重点，但并不代表 3074 应被完全取缔，EIP-3074 指向的自由 invoker 市场其实也大有可为。

invoker 在 3074 的标准框架里就是用户 Delegate 的”授权方“，如果该 invoker 是可疑的，用户无疑会损失资产，但如果 invoker 是友好的，将会加速“intent-centric”这一被重度预期的交易体验优化赛道的发展。因为 intent-centric 方向大家期待的 Sover 市场，本质上就要靠 invoker 在合约中设计复杂性交易逻辑：比如自动化代发交易；条件触发下一步交易；资产自动化分配；交易批量归集；增加多签审批交易；交易时间限定；与外部系统集成交易；交易理财策略等等。

一个完全灵活的 invoker 市场，会加速 intent 赛道 Sover 求解器市场的发展，可以有更多灵活且搞定制针对特定人群的精细化服务，比如：

@ApertureFinance  正在构建一个 intent 驱动、Gasless、自动化工作流程的新型 invoker 基础设施，已经有 26 亿美金的交易量，深受一些机构交易用户的青睐；

又比如， @bentobatch  基于 Wallet 应用构建了一个 Streamlined Transaction 交易层，让用户可以简化链上操作，更简单、更便宜的交易和使用体验。

除了交易 Trading 体验优化层面， @dappOS_com 也在链架构和去中心化 Solver 市场激励和应用落地方向探索 Intent 基础设施的快速落地等等。

3）在我看来，ERC-4337 作为主流正统“账户抽象”标准，在过去几年的账户权益变革升级中确实成为一些 layer 2 链、中间件网络服务以及钱包服务供应商的基准，帮助用户在交易使用体验上得到了飞速提升。但客观来说，账户抽象标准在定制化、开发体验、交易逻辑复杂性等方面又受制于以太坊系统框架稳定性的制约，因此发展和落地速度比较有限。

EIP-3074 指向的 invoker 市场短期看确实存在背离 ERC-4337 账户抽象方向，且可能带来一些恶意合约风险，但如果把此 invoker 市场放到一个更加多元的去中心化 Solver 求解器网络市场来看，Invoker 自由市场的积极意义或许会大于其消极影响。

全新的 EIP-7702 框架不仅延续了 EIP-3074 的“灵活性账户转化”优点，又足够兼容 ERC-4337 。但一次性的权限赋予，并不能最大程度发挥“invoker”在交易逻辑复杂性设计和管理上的潜能。

虽然，Invoker 也可以接受 EIP-7702 框架，在当中适配一些产品和服务来加速丰富 Solver 求解器发展。但 Invoker 顺着 EIP-3074 更自由可延展的服务升级探索空间其实会更大？（带着紧箍咒也是猴哥，但却没了大闹天宫的本事。

怎么说呢？我倾向于视 ERC-4337 和 EIP-3074 是两个独立并行的自由市场，如果为了维护 ERC-4337 的正统性而完全摒弃 EIP-3074 的更广阔发展潜能会有些因噎废食了。当然，短期看，用 EIP-7702 来作为过渡也不失为一种最优解。你怎么看呢？

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