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Long-Divided Must Unite, Long-United Must Divide: When L1 Becomes Its Own Rollup, What Is Ethereum's Endgame?

"The Inevitable Cycle: When L1 Becomes Its Own Rollup – What is Ethereum's Endgame?" For years, the Ethereum community grappled with concerns that L2s were fragmenting the ecosystem and eroding L1's value. While L2s provided cheaper execution, they also splintered liquidity and the unified user experience of a single chain. This has prompted a fundamental reassessment of the relationship between L1 and L2. Ethereum's roadmap is evolving. The "Scale" initiative merges L1 and L2 expansion into a holistic framework. L1 itself is advancing with higher gas limits, statelessness, and zkEVM verification, no longer content to be just a low-throughput settlement layer. Consequently, the primary value proposition of L2s is shifting from merely providing cheap blockspace to offering L1 cannot easily provide: application-specific optimizations, privacy features, and flexible governance models. L2s are becoming a spectrum of execution environments with varying degrees of security inheritance from Ethereum. A critical challenge in this multi-chain future is interoperability. The vision is to make Ethereum "feel like one chain again." This relies on advancements in native account abstraction (like EIP-7702) and intent-based architectures (Open Intents Framework), where users declare desired outcomes, and solvers handle the complex cross-chain execution. Furthermore, shortening Ethereum's finality time from minutes to seconds is crucial, as it underpins trust between chains for bridges, stablecoins, and cross-chain applications. Perhaps the most provocative idea is that Ethereum L1 itself could become a form of "its own Rollup." As zkEVM and proof systems mature, high-performance nodes could execute transactions and generate validity proofs. Regular validators would then verify these proofs instead of re-executing all transactions. This blurs the traditional L1/L2 hierarchy, making "Rollup" more of a general execution-verification architecture. Native Rollup aims to integrate L2 validation more directly into the Ethereum protocol, allowing L2s to inherit L1's security more fully and move away from reliance on security councils. In the end, L2s are not destined to replace L1 or be made obsolete by it. The likely future is a unified system where diverse execution environments—each optimized for specific use cases like DeFi, gaming, or privacy—coexist. They will share a common foundation of security, liquidity, and verifiable state, seamlessly connected to restore a cohesive user experience. The next phase for Ethereum is not just about scaling through separation, but about intelligently reintegrating what was separated back into a coherent whole.

链捕手07/22 00:49

Long-Divided Must Unite, Long-United Must Divide: When L1 Becomes Its Own Rollup, What Is Ethereum's Endgame?

链捕手07/22 00:49

L2 'Recalibration': When L1 Becomes Its Own Rollup, What Is Ethereum's Endgame?

The article discusses the evolving relationship between Ethereum's Layer 1 (L1) and Layer 2 (L2) solutions, moving beyond the initial "L2 for scaling" model. As Ethereum L1 itself scales (increasing Gas Limit, statelessness, zkEVM), the unique value proposition of L2s shifts from merely providing cheap execution to offering differentiated features like application-specific optimization, privacy, and flexible governance. The piece explores three key themes: 1. **L2's New Role:** L2s are transitioning from a pure scaling technology to a spectrum of execution environments with varying degrees of security inheritance from Ethereum L1. 2. **Interoperability as State Trust:** Solving L2 fragmentation is less about cross-chain bridges and more about enabling faster, trust-minimized state verification between environments. This involves initiatives like faster L1 finality, intent-based architectures (Open Intents Framework), and native account abstraction. 3. **Blurring Layers:** With the potential integration of zk-proofs into L1 validation (making L1 akin to its own "Rollup") and the concept of "Native Rollups," the rigid boundary between L1 and L2 may fade. The future could be a unified system with multiple execution domains (for DeFi, gaming, privacy, etc.) sharing a common security, settlement, and state framework. In conclusion, Ethereum's goal is not to abandon L2s or re-centralize everything on L1, but to re-integrate the fragmented user experience—liquidity, accounts, applications—while preserving the scaling benefits of a multi-environment ecosystem. The endgame is a cohesive "one chain" feeling for users, powered by diverse but securely interconnected execution layers.

marsbit07/21 12:54

L2 'Recalibration': When L1 Becomes Its Own Rollup, What Is Ethereum's Endgame?

marsbit07/21 12:54

Loopring shuts down DEX – What went wrong for Ethereum’s L2 pioneer?

Loopring, an early Ethereum layer-2 scaling protocol, is shutting down its decentralized exchange. The primary cause was years of declining user engagement and activity, driven largely by the rise of more versatile zkEVM technologies. Unlike Loopring's specialized zkRollup design, zkEVMs allow existing Ethereum applications to deploy easily, accelerating ecosystem growth and drawing users away. This led to a steady drop in Loopring's key metrics, including daily active addresses, transaction volume, and protocol fees. The shutdown highlights that while innovative technology can establish scalability leadership, a lack of widespread composability can undermine its long-term viability. Loopring's future now hinges on whether its core zkRollup technology can find new life integrated into Layer-3 or modular infrastructure solutions, or if this marks the end for one of Ethereum's pioneering layer-2 innovations.

ambcrypto06/29 21:02

Loopring shuts down DEX – What went wrong for Ethereum’s L2 pioneer?

ambcrypto06/29 21:02

Loopring Ends Its Pioneer zk-Rollup DEX After Years of Limited User Adoption

Loopring has officially shut down its decentralized exchange, ending one of Ethereum's earliest zk-rollup platforms. The project, which raised $45 million in 2017, pioneered scaling solutions but ultimately failed to achieve significant user adoption. The team cited several reasons for the closure: the platform's lack of a virtual machine limited developer innovation, business execution was insufficient, and new zkEVM networks like zkSync and StarkNet surpassed its technology. User funds remain safe, with a two-week balance verification period before direct distribution to wallets begins. This follows the discontinuation of its wallet services in 2025, marking Loopring's complete exit from the DEX business.

TheNewsCrypto06/29 07:03

Loopring Ends Its Pioneer zk-Rollup DEX After Years of Limited User Adoption

TheNewsCrypto06/29 07:03

Don't Just Focus on Layoffs, The New Structure of the Ethereum Foundation is More Worthy of Appreciation

The Ethereum Foundation (EF) has undergone a significant organizational restructuring, with the most notable change being a strategic refocusing of its priorities rather than just a 20% staff reduction (approximately 54 people). The new structure clearly prioritizes the Protocol and Access layers, which now comprise the largest teams (57 and 34 people, respectively). This signals EF's intent to concentrate its core resources on fundamental, hard-to-outsource aspects of Ethereum: protocol evolution, security, privacy, client development, and the foundational access layer. Key areas within the Protocol layer, led by an architecture group including Vitalik Buterin and Justin Drake, receive heightened emphasis. These include post-quantum security, zkEVM, formal verification, and long-term roadmap development ("Strawmap"). This reflects a shift towards tackling complex, interdependent challenges like scalability, privacy, and future-proofing the protocol, potentially moving from a pure "redundant security" multi-client model towards more specialized clients aided by AI-assisted formal verification. Financially, EF's budget is being reduced by approximately 40%. The goal is to transition from spending about 15% of its remaining funds annually to a more sustainable 5% rate, akin to a long-term endowment, ensuring its longevity. Concurrently, the restructuring involves pushing certain responsibilities—such as application development, adoption, and ecosystem coordination—to external organizations like EthLabs, the Ethereum Apps Guild, and others. This "multi-node" model aims to increase ecosystem resilience by decentralizing functions beyond the EF, though it introduces new coordination challenges. In essence, the reorganization represents EF consciously narrowing its scope to focus on the hardest, most critical protocol-level problems while fostering a more distributed and sustainable ecosystem structure for Ethereum's future growth.

Foresight News06/24 06:05

Don't Just Focus on Layoffs, The New Structure of the Ethereum Foundation is More Worthy of Appreciation

Foresight News06/24 06:05

Ethereum Foundation's Major Overhaul: The Restructuring Challenge Behind the Loss of Several Key Veterans in Four Months

In just a few months, the Ethereum Foundation (EF) has seen a significant exodus of core members, including former co-executive director Tomasz Stańczak and key figures like Josh Stark and Trent Van Epps. This wave of departures coincides with the EF's ongoing internal restructuring, a shift in its declared role from the "primary guardian" to "one of many guardians," and its first public layoffs. The Protocol team, responsible for Ethereum's core protocol development, has been particularly affected but has been reorganized with three new co-leads: Will Corcoran, Kev Wedderburn, and Fredrik Svantes. Their immediate focus is on delivering the next major network upgrade, Glamsterdam, aimed at increasing mainnet throughput, though its launch is now likely delayed to Q3 2026. While concerns exist about talent drain—especially with competitive offers from newer chains—and potential delays to key upgrades, some view this turnover as a natural part of the EF's transition. The foundation's intentional move to decentralize its influence aligns with the broader goal of making Ethereum a more robust and neutral infrastructure, capable of passing the "walkaway test" where the protocol can function independently of its original core developers.

marsbit05/19 10:02

Ethereum Foundation's Major Overhaul: The Restructuring Challenge Behind the Loss of Several Key Veterans in Four Months

marsbit05/19 10:02

Vitalik's Full Speech at the 2026 Hong Kong Web3 Carnival

In his keynote speech at the 2026 Hong Kong Web3 Carnival, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin outlined the platform’s vision as a "world computer" and detailed its technical roadmap for the next five years. Buterin emphasized Ethereum’s two core functions: serving as a public bulletin board where applications can publish verifiable data, and enabling shared computational objects like tokens, NFTs, and DAOs. He stressed the importance of Ethereum lies in its ability to provide self-sovereignty, verifiability, and permissionless participation without relying on trusted third parties. He discussed the evolution of Layer 2 solutions, arguing that meaningful L2s should complement Ethereum by integrating necessary off-chain components—such as oracles or privacy protocols—rather than simply scaling through centralization. Key short-term goals include scaling data availability and computational capacity through initiatives like increasing the gas limit and deploying zkEVM for more complex, verifiable computations. Buterin also highlighted ongoing efforts to improve quantum resistance, privacy, and efficiency through proposals like EIP-8141 for account abstraction and quantum-safe signatures. Long-term, Ethereum aims to maximize security and decentralization through formal verification, AI-assisted proof generation, and a hybrid consensus model combining Bitcoin’s longest-chain rule with BFT-style finality. The goal is a robust, easily verifiable platform that supports a wide range of applications—from finance and identity to decentralized social networks—while ensuring long-term resilience and trustlessness.

marsbit04/20 05:40

Vitalik's Full Speech at the 2026 Hong Kong Web3 Carnival

marsbit04/20 05:40

Actually, ETH Scaling is a Major Boon for L2s

Vitalik Buterin's recent comments on Ethereum scaling have been misinterpreted. He did not declare Layer 2s (L2s) a failure but rather signaled a strategic shift: Ethereum is moving from a "rollup-centric" scaling model, where L2s were seen as simple replicas of the base layer, to one where the L1 itself undergoes aggressive scaling. L2s remain crucial, but their primary value proposition has evolved to be customization, not just cheap transactions. Two key developments drove this change. First, Ethereum's base layer is scaling faster than anticipated. After years of cautious progress to preserve decentralization, an ambitious new roadmap aims to drastically increase L1 throughput through a series of upgrades, including a higher gas limit, faster block times, parallel transaction processing, and a fundamental transition to a native zero-knowledge (zkEVM) architecture. This allows Ethereum to scale while maintaining its superior decentralization. Second, L2s have found product-market fit with institutions. Companies like Robinhood, Coinbase, and Kraken are building their own L2s because they need Ethereum's security and access to its liquidity, but also require control for regulatory compliance, custom fee structures, and operational flexibility. This creates a spectrum of L2s, from highly decentralized ones to more controlled, institutionally-focused chains—a reality Vitalik acknowledges is valid as long as marketing is honest. Crucially, scaling the L1 does not compete with L2s; it makes them better. A more powerful L1 means cheaper data availability and settlement costs for L2s, faster withdrawals, and quicker finality. The main unresolved challenge is liquidity fragmentation between L2s, which the Ethereum Foundation is prioritizing with new interoperability solutions for 2026. The narrative that Ethereum is abandoning L2s is incorrect. The ecosystem is maturing into a system with a radically scaling L1 at its core, surrounded by a flourishing ecosystem of specialized L2s.

marsbit03/15 03:20

Actually, ETH Scaling is a Major Boon for L2s

marsbit03/15 03:20

Ethereum's Narrative Is Being Rewritten: When L1 zkEVM Becomes the Endgame, When Will the Next Revolution Arrive?

Ethereum's narrative is undergoing a significant rewrite, shifting from a programmable ledger (2015-2020) to an L2-centric settlement layer (2021-2023), and now toward becoming a verifiable computer with L1 zkEVM as its endgame (2024 onward). The newly proposed Strawmap roadmap outlines an ambitious technical direction, targeting faster L1 confirmation, "Gigagas"-level throughput (10,000 TPS), quantum resistance, and native privacy. This transformation is driven by eight core technical workstreams: formalizing EVM specifications, replacing Keccak with ZK-friendly hashes, transitioning to Verkle Trees, enabling stateless clients, standardizing ZK proof systems, decoupling execution and consensus layers, implementing recursive proof aggregation, and ensuring developer toolchain compatibility. L1 zkEVM aims to integrate zero-knowledge proofs directly into Ethereum’s consensus layer, fundamentally upgrading its trust model. While full implementation may take until 2028-2029, this shift repositions Ethereum as the verifiable trust root for the entire Web3 ecosystem—enhancing scalability without compromising decentralization. The move also redefines the role of L2s, evolving them from scaling solutions to specialized execution environments. Ethereum’s structured, multi-year effort reflects its unique capacity for coordinated innovation and may ultimately establish it as a global settlement layer—fast, secure, and private.

marsbit03/07 07:12

Ethereum's Narrative Is Being Rewritten: When L1 zkEVM Becomes the Endgame, When Will the Next Revolution Arrive?

marsbit03/07 07:12

Ethereum Foundation Maps 2026 Protocol Priorities as Major Upgrades Near

The Ethereum Foundation has released its protocol priorities for 2026, outlining a structured roadmap organized into three key tracks: Scale, Improve UX, and Harden the L1. The Scale track, a consolidation of previous initiatives, focuses on increasing the gas limit toward and beyond 100 million, implementing EIP-7928 for block-level access lists, and advancing the scaling components of the upcoming "Glamsterdam" upgrade. This includes enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation (EIP-7732), further blob parameter increases, and progressing zkEVM and long-term state scaling work. The Improve UX track is centered on native account abstraction and interoperability. Key proposals like EIP-7702 aim to make smart contract wallets the default without extra overhead, while the Open Intents Framework seeks to enable seamless cross-L2 interactions. This work is also tied to improving security and migrating toward quantum-resistant signatures. The new Harden the L1 track is described as an insurance policy, focusing on post-quantum readiness, execution-layer safeguards, and enhancing censorship resistance through proposals like EIP-7805 (FOCIL). It also includes critical devnet and testnet coordination. The foundation is targeting the Glamsterdam upgrade for the first half of 2026, bundling these priorities, with another upgrade, Hegotá, planned for later in the year.

bitcoinist02/19 20:32

Ethereum Foundation Maps 2026 Protocol Priorities as Major Upgrades Near

bitcoinist02/19 20:32

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