OpenAI's Hyperliquid Pre-IPO Pricing Venture: Why Did It Last Only Half a Year?

marsbitPublished on 2026-06-17Last updated on 2026-06-17

Abstract

The article discusses the rise and fall of Pre-IPO pricing markets on the Hyperliquid blockchain. Trade.xyz, an anonymous team, successfully built the largest pre-market for SpaceX (SPCX) by launching a contract with a clear anchor: the eventual Nasdaq listing price. This provided inherent price stability and validation. In contrast, Ventuals, a team backed by Paradigm, failed despite holding exclusive contracts for highly sought-after companies like OpenAI and Anthropic. Its key mistake was its pricing mechanism. For companies with no near-term IPO date, Ventuals' oracle relied partly on opaque private market transactions and, critically, partly on its own contract's moving average price. This created a self-referential feedback loop where prices were artificially propped up and detached from genuine supply and demand, leading to illiquid markets. Ventuals shut down after nine months, settling positions at final prices of $1,341.80 for OpenAI and $1,618.90 for Anthropic. Ironically, some employees and late-stage investors of these very companies reportedly used these flawed Ventuals prices for valuation reference, highlighting the acute demand for any price signal in illiquid private markets. The article concludes that while demand for pre-IPO trading is real and growing, with players like Coinbase now entering the space, the fundamental challenge remains: without a public listing to provide a definitive price anchor, these markets struggle to establish truly accurate and...

Original Author: Curry, Shenchao TechFlow

During the days of SpaceX's IPO, the pre-IPO price of SPCX on Hyperliquid was everywhere on social media, but few looked into who was behind building that market.

In fact, it was a team called Trade.xyz. Anonymous, emerged only this year, and now it alone accounts for over 90% of the open interest in pre-IPO contracts on Hyperliquid. The buzz around SpaceX's on-chain Pre-IPO was essentially driven by this single player.

And just three days after SpaceX's listing, on June 15, another team doing the same business announced it was shutting down.

This one was called Ventuals, backed by Paradigm, and it also offered pre-IPO contracts for SpaceX, as well as for OpenAI and Anthropic. It launched earlier this year, and from opening to closing, it lasted only nine months.

Same blockchain, same HIP-3 mechanism, same niche. One turned SpaceX into the biggest market on the platform, the other held OpenAI and Anthropic, yet ended up failing.

What's particularly noteworthy is the way Ventuals exited. According to its official social media post, it didn't shut down because it ran out of money. The announcement said it was acquired, with the entire team being integrated into another project within the Hyperliquid ecosystem. User principal was returned at 1:1, marking a relatively graceful exit.

But here's the puzzle. Holding onto the two most coveted banners in the entire market—OpenAI and Anthropic—it should have been the last one to fail. What went wrong?

Trade XYZ vs. Ventuals

The successful one, Trade.xyz, remains anonymous to this day.

The project founder only revealed a bit of background during an interview with Hyperliquid founder Jeff Yan, saying he bought his first Bitcoin for $66 in 2013, had been an investor since, never started a project, and would have left the crypto space long ago if not for meeting Jeff.

It was this semi-outsider who built the largest pre-IPO market on Hyperliquid. According to a Colossus report, Trade.xyz has grown 38% weekly since last October, with cumulative trading volume exceeding $130 billion.

It started with silver, then crude oil, then S&P 500, and finally SpaceX.

Its choice of SpaceX was clever.

SpaceX was set to list on Nasdaq on June 12, with a determined IPO price and date. By listing the pre-IPO contract, Trade.xyz was essentially betting on an event with a guaranteed outcome. On the listing day, Nasdaq would provide a real price. This real price acted like an anchor, preventing the pre-IPO price from drifting too far. Even if the price deviated in the middle, it would be pulled back at the moment of listing.

And that's exactly what happened. In the days before its IPO, SPCX traded between $154 and $172, betting on a premium above the $135 IPO price. The stock later surged at the open, proving the bet right.

Ventuals chose a different type of asset.

Backed by Paradigm, one of crypto's top-tier VCs, its pedigree was far more respectable than the anonymous Trade.xyz. Its chosen banners were also bigger: OpenAI and Anthropic, the two most coveted assets in the entire market.

But these two companies have no listing date in the foreseeable future.

There are external reference prices. According to Bloomberg, Anthropic allowed employees to sell secondary shares this year at a $350 billion valuation, and OpenAI does similar periodic offerings. But these prices are set behind closed doors. In a secondary share transaction, buyers and sellers are often the same long-term, heavily invested shareholders; the asset doesn't genuinely change hands in a public market.

Such pricing might be precise at times, but it lacks a public order book where everyone can step in to correct errors.

By putting these prices on-chain as contracts, Ventuals essentially hung the entire market on one or two off-chain price feeds. Worse, it layered on a mechanism that essentially argued with itself.

Some on-chain analysts dug into Ventuals' pricing logic:

Its oracle price was half from external secondary share transactions and fundraising valuations, and half from a moving average of the contract's own price. In other words, half the price was referencing itself. When buying pressure pushed the price up, the moving average rose, pulling the oracle price higher, which in turn pushed the price ceiling further up, leading to even higher bids.

The result was that prices for OpenAI and Anthropic contracts were perpetually pinned near the ceiling, with sell orders and liquidations difficult to execute. The charts showed steady uptrends, but in reality, prices were structurally stuck, bearing little relation to genuine supply and demand.

Source: MAG7 assets on Ventuals, showing intermittent candlestick charts with no trades in some periods.

So this type of Pre-IPO wasn't so much the market telling you what OpenAI was worth, but rather a machine pushing the price up and then lifting it further based on the very price it pushed up.

Trade.xyz bet on an asset destined for a Nasdaq reckoning, with a real price as a backstop if wrong; Ventuals bet on assets existing only in internal valuations, then layered on a self-referential price feed, leaving the price suspended in mid-air with no floor beneath.

Final Settlement Prices: OpenAI $1300, Anthropic $1600

When winding down, did the final price it reported count?

At shutdown, Ventuals had to set a final price for its contracts to settle all positions. Its method was to freeze the average price of the past 24 hours. OpenAI was finally set at $1341.80 per share, Anthropic at $1618.90.

These two numbers are now etched into the settlement records, becoming the last quoted prices for these companies on-chain.

As mentioned earlier, this price was half referenced from external secondary prices and half from its own price moving average, perpetually crawling near the ceiling. In other words, a significant portion of that $1341.80 was the result of the machine lifting the price based on the level it had already pushed up.

It's precise to two decimal places, but it's not necessarily true.

The most ironic part is that some people actually took this price seriously.

According to Bloomberg, employees of SpaceX, OpenAI, Anthropic, and some late-stage venture capitalists approached Ventuals, saying they used the platform to value their own equity holdings.

This needs unpacking.

These individuals hold real secondary shares. In theory, they should know best what their stock is worth. But primary market valuations are drip-fed once a year, leaving a vast blank space between funding rounds where no one knows if the price is rising or falling.

Places like Ventuals, however unreliable, at least quote a number 24/7, complete with price movements.

Thus, an inverted situation emerged. Those who should have the most pricing power were instead looking at a number from a retail trading table, seeking psychological comfort.

This is the fundamental paradox of the pre-IPO pricing business.

The most coveted assets lack a fair price the most; the greater the lack, the more willing people are to cling to anything that looks like a price, even if it's a machine arguing with itself.

Ventuals has closed shop, and those final prices are frozen in time. But the demand for such reference points likely hasn't diminished one bit.

The Pre-IPO Pricing Business: Players Rushing In

Demand hasn't decreased, but supply is actually increasing, and becoming more formal.

In the same week Ventuals shut down, Coinbase launched its own pre-IPO perpetual contracts, with SpaceX as the first asset, targeting users outside the US.

Not just Coinbase. Polymarket uses Nasdaq data for prediction markets on private company valuations; Citi launched tokenized private company stock for wealth and institutional clients. The crypto side is doing it, traditional investment banks are doing it too.

This is no longer just a small-scale experiment by a few anonymous teams on Hyperliquid. Giving unlisted companies a price that can be traded anytime is becoming a legitimate business everyone wants a piece of.

For readers in some regions, this demand isn't unfamiliar. IPO subscriptions involve long queues, primary market shares are allocated only among institutions and high-net-worth individuals, leaving ordinary people shut out. Now, seeing prices for companies like OpenAI and SpaceX listed for 24/7 trading gives many their first chance to touch such assets. The demand is real.

But Ventuals' shutdown over the past half-year has also laid bare the Achilles' heel of this business.

For a price to be meaningful, willingness to trade isn't enough. It requires a public market where anyone can step in to constantly correct errors. Even if Coinbase takes over, this fundamental flaw doesn't disappear. It merely shifts from the banner of an anonymous team to that of a bigger brand. The underlying company still isn't listed; that fair price still doesn't exist.

Will the next entity setting its price do a better job than Ventuals? The answer might only be revealed when OpenAI finally stands before its own bell-ringing day.

Related Questions

QWhat was the main reason behind the failure of Ventuals compared to the success of Trade.xyz in the pre-IPO contract market on Hyperliquid?

AVentuals failed primarily because its contracts for companies like OpenAI and Anthropic lacked a clear, external price anchor like a fixed IPO date. Its pricing mechanism relied partly on a self-referential moving average, creating a structural gap from real supply and demand. Trade.xyz succeeded by focusing on SpaceX, which had a definitive IPO date, providing a real market price to converge with at listing.

QWhat were the final settlement prices for OpenAI and Anthropic contracts when Ventuals shut down, and why might these figures be questionable?

AThe final settlement prices were $1,341.80 per share for OpenAI and $1,618.90 for Anthropic. These figures are questionable because Ventuals' pricing oracle was 50% based on external private share prices and 50% on a moving average of its own contract price. This created a self-reinforcing loop, meaning the final price was partially a product of its own internal mechanism rather than a true market consensus.

QAccording to the article, what paradoxical situation arose regarding the valuation of private companies like OpenAI and Anthropic?

AA paradoxical situation arose where company insiders, venture capitalists, and employees who held the actual private shares began using the Ventuals platform prices as a reference for valuing their own holdings. This is ironic because these insiders should have the most accurate pricing information, but the illiquid, infrequent nature of private markets led them to seek real-time price signals—even unreliable ones—from a speculative crypto platform.

QWhat does the article suggest is the fundamental vulnerability of the pre-IPO pricing business, even as more established players like Coinbase enter the space?

AThe article suggests the fundamental vulnerability is the lack of a genuine, publicly-traded market price for the underlying asset. A price needs a transparent, open order book where anyone can oppose it to correct errors. Without an IPO or a liquid public market, any pre-IPO price—whether from an anonymous team or a major exchange like Coinbase—remains speculative and lacks a solid anchor for true price discovery.

QHow did Trade.xyz strategically select its initial assets before launching the successful SpaceX contract?

ATrade.xyz strategically built its market by first launching contracts for assets with clear, established public market prices. It started with silver and crude oil, then moved to the S&P 500 index. This established credibility and user trust in its pricing mechanisms before tackling the more speculative SpaceX pre-IPO contract, which benefited from having a known IPO date and public listing price as an eventual anchor.

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While the concept of Agent S is fundamentally innovative, specific information about its creator remains elusive. The creator is currently unknown, which highlights either the nascent stage of the project or the strategic choice to keep founding members under wraps. Regardless of anonymity, the focus remains on the framework's capabilities and potential. Who are the Investors of Agent S? As Agent S is relatively new in the cryptographic ecosystem, detailed information regarding its investors and financial backers is not explicitly documented. The lack of publicly available insights into the investment foundations or organisations supporting the project raises questions about its funding structure and development roadmap. Understanding the backing is crucial for gauging the project's sustainability and potential market impact. How Does Agent S Work? At the core of Agent S lies cutting-edge technology that enables it to function effectively in diverse settings. Its operational model is built around several key features: Human-like Computer Interaction: The framework offers advanced AI planning, striving to make interactions with computers more intuitive. By mimicking human behaviour in tasks execution, it promises to elevate user experiences. Narrative Memory: Employed to leverage high-level experiences, Agent S utilises narrative memory to keep track of task histories, thereby enhancing its decision-making processes. Episodic Memory: This feature provides users with step-by-step guidance, allowing the framework to offer contextual support as tasks unfold. Support for OpenACI: With the ability to run locally, Agent S allows users to maintain control over their interactions and workflows, aligning with the decentralised ethos of Web3. Easy Integration with External APIs: Its versatility and compatibility with various AI platforms ensure that Agent S can fit seamlessly into existing technological ecosystems, making it an appealing choice for developers and organisations. These functionalities collectively contribute to Agent S's unique position within the crypto space, as it automates complex, multi-step tasks with minimal human intervention. As the project evolves, its potential applications in Web3 could redefine how digital interactions unfold. Timeline of Agent S The development and milestones of Agent S can be encapsulated in a timeline that highlights its significant events: September 27, 2024: The concept of Agent S was launched in a comprehensive research paper titled “An Open Agentic Framework that Uses Computers Like a Human,” showcasing the groundwork for the project. October 10, 2024: The research paper was made publicly available on arXiv, offering an in-depth exploration of the framework and its performance evaluation based on the OSWorld benchmark. October 12, 2024: A video presentation was released, providing a visual insight into the capabilities and features of Agent S, further engaging potential users and investors. These markers in the timeline not only illustrate the progress of Agent S but also indicate its commitment to transparency and community engagement. Key Points About Agent S As the Agent S framework continues to evolve, several key attributes stand out, underscoring its innovative nature and potential: Innovative Framework: Designed to provide an intuitive use of computers akin to human interaction, Agent S brings a novel approach to task automation. Autonomous Interaction: The ability to interact autonomously with computers through GUI signifies a leap towards more intelligent and efficient computing solutions. Complex Task Automation: With its robust methodology, it can automate complex, multi-step tasks, making processes faster and less error-prone. Continuous Improvement: The learning mechanisms enable Agent S to improve from past experiences, continually enhancing its performance and efficacy. Versatility: Its adaptability across different operating environments like OSWorld and WindowsAgentArena ensures that it can serve a broad range of applications. As Agent S positions itself in the Web3 and crypto landscape, its potential to enhance interaction capabilities and automate processes signifies a significant advancement in AI technologies. Through its innovative framework, Agent S exemplifies the future of digital interactions, promising a more seamless and efficient experience for users across various industries. Conclusion Agent S represents a bold leap forward in the marriage of AI and Web3, with the capacity to redefine how we interact with technology. While still in its early stages, the possibilities for its application are vast and compelling. Through its comprehensive framework addressing critical challenges, Agent S aims to bring autonomous interactions to the forefront of the digital experience. As we move deeper into the realms of cryptocurrency and decentralisation, projects like Agent S will undoubtedly play a crucial role in shaping the future of technology and human-computer collaboration.

732 Total ViewsPublished 2025.01.14Updated 2025.01.14

What is AGENT S

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