总结:加密货币领域的2022和2023

去中心化金融社区Published on 2023-01-03Last updated on 2023-01-03

Abstract

2022年,我们目睹了加密货币生态系统中众多“光怪陆离”的事件。加密货币历史上看似最艰难的一年已经结束,现在我们有必要回顾一下这一年最重要的事件们,并评估一下2023年加密货币行业将面临的变化,以便能做到借鉴、反思、改变。

2022年,我们目睹了加密货币生态系统中众多“光怪陆离”的事件。加密货币历史上看似最艰难的一年已经结束,现在我们有必要回顾一下这一年最重要的事件们,并评估一下2023年加密货币行业将面临的变化,以便能做到借鉴、反思、改变。

2022年第一季度:加密市场受到经济转型的打击

加密货币的牛市从2020年第二季度持续到2021年最后几个月。这是全球抗击新冠肺炎疫情的重要时期。世界各国纷纷打开资金龙头,以减轻疫情对经济的负面影响,大量资金流入全球市场。这增加了风险偏好,资金从机构投资者流入加密货币市场的速度加快。在顶峰时期,加密货币市值已达到3万亿美元,比特币价格创下6.9万美元的历史新高。

全球央行的积极宽松的货币政策给全球带来了严重的通胀问题。因此,在2021年最后一个季度,美联储发出信号,表示将结束这一货币政策,转向收紧货币政策,并使用缩表和加息等工具。加密货币的牛市就这样结束了。

COVID-19应对措施引发的通胀已经够令人头痛的了,而俄乌战争在此基础上进一步破坏了全球供应链。这对生产成本产生了负面影响,也进一步加剧了通货膨胀。

加密货币市场并没有立即受到战争的影响。另一方面,根据媒体的说法,俄罗斯可以使用加密货币来规避全球政府因战争而对其实施的制裁。这些发展将导致一系列深刻影响全球市场的事件发生,进而影响加密货币市场。

2021年11月开始的下跌在2022年第一季度有所放缓,比特币在3.7万美元的区间找到了支撑。到3月底,该行业对通胀增长放缓和美联储最初仅加息25个基点做出了积极反应,一度反弹至4.8万美元。

2022年第二季度:加密货币公司破产数量增加

随着全球经济放缓开始对市场产生影响,第二季度开始,第一季度的复苏被证明是短暂的。

随着美联储减缓通胀的决心变得明确,机构投资者开始减持高风险市场。在贷款机构撤回对市场的支持后,流动性问题让加密货币公司措手不及。Terra生态系统是第一个受到影响,继而崩溃的,其崩溃同时也导致了许多公司破产。

TerraForm Labs在其平台上有大量的质押产品,其算法稳定币UST就高达20%。随着风向的转变和UST买卖的加速,加密资产难以保持稳定。对不可持续的回报率的承诺是导致Terra生态系统终结的一系列事件的催化剂。因此,UST的储备单位LUNA受到了UST稳定性丧失的负面影响,加密货币的价值在短时间内暴跌。

Terra的崩溃使相关贷款公司陷入流动性危机,同时也对个人投资者产生了极其负面的影响,最终导致数十亿美元的损失。在此之后,Terra创始人Do Kwon逃离了韩国,无视当局对他的起诉。Do Kwon目前仍在逃,并被国际刑警组织通缉。

第一家受到影响的大公司是三箭资本 (3AC),这是加密生态系统中的一家主要贷方。随后,危机蔓延到其他主要的加密货币公司,包括Celsius、Genesis和其他借贷公司。结果,公司之间直接和间接的联系导致了整个行业的衰落。

到6月,比特币的价格已经跌破3万美元。全球能源成本的上涨和比特币价格的大幅下跌开始对加密货币矿工产生负面影响。许多大型矿业公司清算了自己持有的比特币以保护自己的头寸,到今年上半年年底,比特币跌破2万美元,跌至1.7万美元左右。

2022年第三季度:恢复并专注于以太坊合并

虽然Terra的崩溃使加密货币市场陷入混乱,并创造了历史,但加密货币最终在第三季度出现了逢低买盘。

美国通胀夏季放缓,以及市场对负面事件的消化支持了经济复苏。从7月到8月中旬,比特币的价值上涨了30%,从19,000美元上涨到25,000美元。然而,复苏就此止步,8月下半月又出现抛售压力。

2022年夏季,加密领域的另一个标志性事件就是美国财政部外国资产控制办公室(OFAC)对Tornado Cash实施了制裁,Tornado Cash是一个在以太坊网络上运行的平台,可以实现资产转移的不可追溯性。另外,Coinbase与全球最大资产管理公司贝莱德合作,提供加密资产交易和托管服务,这是一项积极的进展。欧盟最终确定了加密资产市场立法MiCA,该立法有可能指导全球加密监管。这一进展在整个市场引起了共鸣。

到9月,以太坊网络的合并终于被推出,之前它已经被推迟了几次。从工作量证明到权益证明共识机制的过渡,被视为以太坊生态系统的转折点,以太坊网络成为了一个环境友好型结构,据称合并可以节省99.9%的能源消耗。这解决了长期以来人们对加密货币会对环境造成影响的担忧,但也带来了另一个问题。这一次,批评人士开始提出网络安全和去中心化的问题。

以太坊挖矿自此成为过去式,矿工们开始通过在他们的投资组合中质押以太坊来继续他们作为交易验证者的活动。虽然以太坊的发行量预计将大幅下降,但随着销毁机制的出现,以太坊的供应开始变得通缩。合并后的区块链数据还显示,验证过程掌握在少数账户手中,引发了人们对以太坊网络安全性和中心化的担忧。因此,以太坊的价格与其他市场一起继续下跌,未能在合并后的动荡市场中看到预期的上涨。

2022年第四季度:FTX对加密行业造成严重打击

进入今年最后一个季度,加密市场出现了新的生机。加密货币领域努力以积极的态度和方式结束10月,尽管利率很低。然而,11月的风将把整个行业拖入了新的动荡之中。

11月2日,CoinDesk发布消息称,与FTX相关的交易公司Alameda Research的资产负债表存在一定问题。在第二季度出现问题期间,FTX创始人Sam Bankman-Fried通过财务支持和收购,在行业中扮演了救世主的角色,并保持了该公司作为一家成长型公司的声誉。但Alameda泄露出的资产负债表显示,其资产的很大一部分是FTX的代币,这是一种由FTX发行的非流动性加密货币。人们认为该公司正试图用非流动性资产来弥补其债务,这导致市场迅速对这颗冉冉升起的加密之星感到失望。

首先做出反应的是FTX最大的竞争对手币安,该交易所首席执行官宣布,他们已经吸取了Terra的教训,将剥离所持FTT份额。这一发展引发了市场上FTT的抛售。与此同时,由于FTX的大规模资金提取请求开始增加,交易所不得不暂停提款请求。正如后来披露的那样,Alameda在一段时间内挪用了FTX用户的资金。

在暂停提款后,FTX与币安签署了一份协议谅解备忘录(MOU),币安将收购FTX。币安随后在尽职调查过程中退出了交易。这种反反复复加速了FTX的坠落,因为这家公司失去了摆脱危机的最后机会。因此,全球第二大加密货币交易所被迫在短短一周内宣布破产。在宣布破产一天后,FTX继续因可疑的黑客事件成为头条新闻。

整个11月,涉及FTX和Alameda Research的几起掩盖事件被曝光。很明显,自5月份以来,Alameda一直在苦苦挣扎,而FTX一直在利用用户资产为Alameda提供资金。12月,美国当局宣布了对Sam Bankman-Fried的指控,包括欺诈交易所客户、证券欺诈、洗钱和竞选财务欺诈,他于12月13日在巴哈马被捕。

FTX的迅速崩溃引起了加密投资者的恐慌,自去年11月以来,中心化交易所的加密资产提现激增。加密货币交易所开始逐一公布他们的资产,采用储备证明原则,以重新获得用户的信任。然而,确定交易所储备的审计公司突然终止与加密货币公司的合作,已成为一个新的负面因素。

在所有这些混乱中,比特币在去年最后一个季度再次遭受重大打击,并与市场其他部分一起跌至2022年的低点。随着FTX危机的爆发,比特币一度跌至1.5万美元,自去年11月以来一直持平于1.6万美元。

2023年展望:监管、CBDC、增长和挣扎

2022年的许多负面事件的影响可能会持续到新的一年。许多市场评论人士预计,由于加密货币公司的互联性,多米诺骨牌效应将持续下去。

到目前为止对加密货币监管缓慢的国家可能会在2023年采取具体措施来控制市场,特别是个人投资者也在2022年的各种事件中遭受了严重损失。加密货币行业向传统金融业蔓延的威胁也越来越多地被视为加强监管的一个原因。因此,2023年可能会被称为加密市场监管年。

另一方面,各国已经研究了几年的央行数字货币(CBDC)领域可能会有重要发展。各国已经表示打算使用相同的技术与加密行业竞争。因此,我们可能会看到CBDC开辟了对抗加密货币的新战线。

值得注意的是,尽管负面影响导致机构投资者在2022年大量退出市场,但许多金融巨头决定将服务扩展到加密领域,并在这个方向上建立了各种战略合作伙伴关系。虽然取决于更有利的宏观经济条件,但这些公司的变动可能会为机构资金创造重返加密货币领域的途径。

不应忽视的是,2022年令人不安的事件很可能在2023年继续发生。由于流动性短缺和对危机蔓延的担忧,2023年加密行业可能继续面临压力。

Trending Cryptos

Related Reads

Must-Watch Events Next Week|CLARITY Act Could Face Senate Vote; SpaceX, Circle to Report Earnings (8.3-8.9)

**Summary: Key Events and Developments to Watch (August 3-9)** The upcoming week is marked by significant financial disclosures, key legislative deadlines, and notable product updates. **Major Financial Events:** Several companies are scheduled to release their Q2 2026 earnings. American Bitcoin (ABTC) will report on August 3, followed by SpaceX and Hut 8 Mining Corp. on August 4, and Circle on August 5. Notably, a significant portion of SpaceX shares (up to 12% of total shares) will be unlocked on August 6 following their earnings release. **Key Legislative Deadline:** The U.S. Senate faces an August 7 deadline to secure 60 votes for the CLARITY Act, a bipartisan bill aiming to establish a federal regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies. The Senate may hold a full vote on the bill during the week. **Economic Data:** The U.S. July Non-Farm Payrolls report will be released on August 7, providing crucial labor market data. **Technology & Product Updates:** * **Shutdowns:** DeFi portfolio tracker Zapper and wallet app Ctrl Wallet will cease operations on August 3. * **Upgrades:** LayerZero will deprecate its v1 relayers on August 3. XRP Ledger's new version 3.3.0, featuring five new functions, is expected next week. * **AI:** Elon Musk announced that the advanced Grok 4.6 AI model is set for release around August 7. * **Bitcoin:** The BIP-110 forced signaling for a potential Bitcoin network change is scheduled to begin around August 8. **Other Notable Events:** Chinese robotics firm Unitree Tech has set its preliminary price inquiry for its IPO for August 5. South Korean exchange Upbit will delist AQT and AERGO tokens on August 3.

marsbit13m ago

Must-Watch Events Next Week|CLARITY Act Could Face Senate Vote; SpaceX, Circle to Report Earnings (8.3-8.9)

marsbit13m ago

Stocks Are Plummeting More Sharply Than Cryptocurrencies. Where Has the Money Gone?

Stock Markets Plunge Deeper Than Cryptocurrencies: Where Did the Money Go? In late July, Seoul's Kospi index triggered circuit breakers for two consecutive days, plummeting over 40% from its June high. The collapse was led by heavyweight stocks like SK Hynix, whose record profits still disappointed investors, and devastating leveraged ETFs, with one major product losing over 83% of its value. This signaled a global, forced deleveraging targeting the most crowded trades. Interestingly, while stocks exhibited extreme volatility akin to crypto markets, Bitcoin rose nearly 15% in July after a prior steep drop. Analysis shows the money fleeing equities did not flow into Bitcoin. Instead, Bitcoin had already absorbed its sell-off in May-June, when U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs saw historic outflows. The true safe-haven beneficiary was gold, whose price rose over 20% year-on-year, highlighting a decoupling between Bitcoin and gold as "digital gold." The sell-off was a targeted unwinding of leveraged positions in tech and semiconductors, accelerated by broker-dealer risk management and shifts in the AI narrative, including new competition from Chinese memory chipmakers. The retreat path was clear: from high-valuation tech stocks to cash and U.S. Treasuries, then to gold. For Bitcoin to attract sustained institutional inflows, conditions like eased global liquidity pressure, a "soft-landing" Fed rate cut, and U.S. regulatory clarity via legislation like the stalled CLARITY Act are needed. Currently, Bitcoin is not a safe haven but an already-cleared asset. Its low correlation with tech stocks, however, makes it a potential diversification play for institutional portfolios once the storm passes. The money isn't here yet, but the positioning is underway.

marsbit14m ago

Stocks Are Plummeting More Sharply Than Cryptocurrencies. Where Has the Money Gone?

marsbit14m ago

In Conversation with Ray Dalio: We Are Currently in an AI Bubble, with 1% of My Portfolio in Bitcoin

Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater Associates, warns in an interview that the current AI boom shows classic bubble characteristics, which could lead to significant economic downturns as seen in past cycles like 1929 or 2000. He explains that speculative enthusiasm, fueled by debt and overvaluation, often precedes a crash when rising rates or taxation force asset sales, causing widespread losses and recession. Dalio also outlines his "Big Cycle" theory, describing an approximate 80-year pattern where widening wealth gaps, massive government deficits, and shifting geopolitical power (like China's rise) create internal conflict and global instability. He emphasizes that we are in a late-cycle, transitional phase where traditional powers like the US and UK face decline. For personal wealth protection, Dalio advises diversification beyond cash into assets like stocks, bonds, real estate, and particularly gold, which he prefers over Bitcoin. While he holds about 1% of his portfolio in Bitcoin as a non-printable hard asset, he views gold as more secure from technological or governmental threats. Regarding AI's impact, Dalio believes it will disproportionately benefit capital owners, worsening inequality by replacing both physical and cognitive labor. He suggests that human intuition and emotional intelligence, combined with AI, will be key for future workers. On taxation, Dalio argues that wealth taxes are impractical and risk triggering asset sell-offs, reducing productive investment. He points to the UK as a cautionary example of debt, low productivity, and political strife. Geopolitically, Dalio foresees a more regionalized world, with the US showing weakness in prolonged conflicts like with Iran, akin to past imperial declines. The ideal outcome, he suggests, is coexisting powerful blocs (e.g., Americas, China-Asia Pacific) without major war.

marsbit4h ago

In Conversation with Ray Dalio: We Are Currently in an AI Bubble, with 1% of My Portfolio in Bitcoin

marsbit4h ago

Daily 7.2 Trillion KRW: Foreign Capital's Record Net Buying on Friday! Wall Street Says Headwinds for Korean Stock Fund Flows Have Subsided

South Korean stock market sees a dramatic shift in fund flows. On July 31, foreign investors made a record net purchase of approximately KRW 7.2 trillion in KOSPI stocks, marking a fundamental reversal from the persistent large-scale net outflows seen in previous months. This contributed to a significant narrowing of foreign net selling in July to KRW 9.8 trillion, down sharply from KRW 48.4 trillion in June and KRW 44.5 trillion in May. Simultaneously, domestic institutional pressure eased. South Korean pension funds and asset managers turned to a net buying position in July, purchasing KRW 1.0 trillion worth of KOSPI shares, contrasting with net sales in May and June. Market volatility is expected to be dampened by new financial regulations. Effective July 31, the Financial Services Commission tightened access for retail investors to single-stock leveraged ETFs by raising the minimum cash deposit requirement. Trading volumes for these products subsequently dropped to about 50% of their monthly average. Citigroup Research maintains its year-end KOSPI target of 10,000 points. The firm cites several supportive factors: the substantial easing of headwinds from capital outflows, a robust fundamental outlook for the semiconductor sector, historically low market valuations, strong economic fundamentals, and the potential for policy support from financial authorities if needed.

marsbit4h ago

Daily 7.2 Trillion KRW: Foreign Capital's Record Net Buying on Friday! Wall Street Says Headwinds for Korean Stock Fund Flows Have Subsided

marsbit4h ago

Trading

Spot

Hot Articles

What is $BITCOIN

DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN): A Comprehensive Analysis Introduction to DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN) DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN) is a blockchain-based project operating on the Solana network, which aims to combine the characteristics of traditional precious metals with the innovation of decentralized technologies. While it shares a name with Bitcoin, often referred to as “digital gold” due to its perception as a store of value, DIGITAL GOLD is a separate token designed to create a unique ecosystem within the Web3 landscape. Its goal is to position itself as a viable alternative digital asset, although specifics regarding its applications and functionalities are still developing. What is DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN)? DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN) is a cryptocurrency token explicitly designed for use on the Solana blockchain. In contrast to Bitcoin, which provides a widely recognized value storage role, this token appears to focus on broader applications and characteristics. Notable aspects include: Blockchain Infrastructure: The token is built on the Solana blockchain, known for its capacity to handle high-speed and low-cost transactions. Supply Dynamics: DIGITAL GOLD has a maximum supply capped at 100 quadrillion tokens (100P $BITCOIN), although details regarding its circulating supply are currently undisclosed. Utility: While precise functionalities are not explicitly outlined, there are indications that the token could be utilized for various applications, potentially involving decentralized applications (dApps) or asset tokenization strategies. Who is the Creator of DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN)? At present, the identity of the creators and development team behind DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN) remains unknown. This situation is typical among many innovative projects within the blockchain space, particularly those aligning with decentralized finance and meme coin phenomena. While such anonymity may foster a community-driven culture, it intensifies concerns about governance and accountability. Who are the Investors of DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN)? The available information indicates that DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN) does not have any known institutional backers or prominent venture capital investments. The project seems to operate on a peer-to-peer model focused on community support and adoption rather than traditional funding routes. Its activity and liquidity are primarily situated on decentralized exchanges (DEXs), such as PumpSwap, rather than established centralized trading platforms, further highlighting its grassroots approach. How DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN) Works The operational mechanics of DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN) can be elaborated on based on its blockchain design and network attributes: Consensus Mechanism: By leveraging Solana’s unique proof-of-history (PoH) combined with a proof-of-stake (PoS) model, the project ensures efficient transaction validation contributing to the network's high performance. Tokenomics: While specific deflationary mechanisms have not been extensively detailed, the vast maximum token supply implies that it may cater to microtransactions or niche use cases that are still to be defined. Interoperability: There exists the potential for integration with Solana’s broader ecosystem, including various decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms. However, the details regarding specific integrations remain unspecified. Timeline of Key Events Here is a timeline that highlights significant milestones concerning DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN): 2023: The initial deployment of the token occurs on the Solana blockchain, marked by its contract address. 2024: DIGITAL GOLD gains visibility as it becomes available for trading on decentralized exchanges like PumpSwap, allowing users to trade it against SOL. 2025: The project witnesses sporadic trading activity and potential interest in community-led engagements, although no noteworthy partnerships or technical advancements have been documented as of yet. Critical Analysis Strengths Scalability: The underlying Solana infrastructure supports high transaction volumes, which could enhance the utility of $BITCOIN in various transaction scenarios. Accessibility: The potential low trading price per token could attract retail investors, facilitating wider participation due to fractional ownership opportunities. Risks Lack of Transparency: The absence of publicly known backers, developers, or an audit process may yield skepticism regarding the project's sustainability and trustworthiness. Market Volatility: The trading activity is heavily reliant on speculative behavior, which can result in significant price volatility and uncertainty for investors. Conclusion DIGITAL GOLD ($BITCOIN) emerges as an intriguing yet ambiguous project within the rapidly evolving Solana ecosystem. While it attempts to leverage the “digital gold” narrative, its departure from Bitcoin's established role as a store of value underscores the need for a clearer differentiation of its intended utility and governance structure. Future acceptance and adoption will likely depend on addressing the current opacity and defining its operational and economic strategies more explicitly. Note: This report encompasses synthesised information available as of October 2023, and developments may have transpired beyond the research period.

1.4k Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

What is $BITCOIN

Discussions

Welcome to the HTX Community. Here, you can stay informed about the latest platform developments and gain access to professional market insights. Users' opinions on the price of BTC (BTC) are presented below.

活动图片