一文说透Arbitrum:熊市里逆势增长的Layer2赛道领跑者

白话区块链Published on 2022-12-16Last updated on 2022-12-16

Abstract

最近Arbitrum可谓是大火特火,除了在Layer2遥遥领先的TVL和生态数量之外,两个王牌生态GMX和Magic也是最近为数不多的上Binance项目,一时间,更多的目光投了过来。

最近Arbitrum可谓是大火特火,除了在Layer2遥遥领先的TVL和生态数量之外,两个王牌生态GMX和Magic也是最近为数不多的上Binance项目,一时间,更多的目光投了过来。

Arbiturm成功的秘诀是什么?还有哪些值得关注的项目?和白话区块链一起来捋一捋~

01

先来看链本身

作为第一个发布主网的Layer2,Arbitrum天生就领先Optimism半个身位,还有,Optimism作为一个Optimistic Rollup,到现在还没上线欺诈证明功能……Arb这边则是早就以一个完整形态跑了好久了!

几个月前,Arb上面搞奥德赛,结果性能不够,把链直接搞挂机了!

然后停了奥特赛,团队大刀阔斧的开始升级,几个月后发布了基于WASM架构的Nitro主网,性能、费用、体验,比起原先版本有了质的提高,团队还同时捣鼓出一个Nova的“快速链”,安全性相对Nitro下降一些,但性能更高,费用更低,走的是侧链+Rollup结合路线,特别适用于游戏项目之类。

所以单就链本身而言,Arbitrum无疑是目前所有Layer2里“完成度最高,体验最好”的那个!

什么?短期OP,长期ZK?

先不说这句话到时候会不会被证伪,但是看眼前,甚至包括未来的1-2年,ZK暂时不可能是OP的对手,几个主要Player(ZK-Sync,Starkware,Scroll等)当前的阶段依旧是Alpha Test甚至Pre-Alpha,看到相对成熟和能用的主网至少也是明年年中的时间了。

再者目前生成ZK证明的费用和时间都比较高,相对于OP那边的多快好省,需要更久的时间在密码学,硬件加速领域等向前突破,才能一点一点的拉进与OP在用户体验上的距离,此外还有EVM的兼容性,等效性的一堆ZK天然存在的问题。

所以这个短期,目前来看至少也是3年起了,长期ZK么……5年开外的节奏。

02

Defi生态

要说常规的Dex和借代之类的,Arbitrum上面并没有太多亮点,绝大多数人还是在Uniswap或是Sushiswap的Arb版本上交易。

然而Arbitrum在衍生品上确实是“傲视群雄”,只因GMX的存在。GMX厉害在哪呢?它开创了衍生品的一个新玩法,算是半个“范式转移”,如果你把Uniswap的AMM看成一个完整的范式转移的话。

原本大家玩合约之类,是开空开多的互为对手盘,Dydx这种龙头则是把链下这套机制搬到了链上,Perp则是试图模仿Uniswap这种,弄个虚拟AMM池来交易,但仍然是开空开多的大家互为对手盘。

GMX不是,他把LP(流动性提供者)这个角色抽了出来,弄了个GLP这个LP Token(一半稳定币,一半BTC,ETH,Link几个主流),让所有的交易者,不管做多还是做空,都与LP做对手盘,交易者赚了,就是LP亏得,交易者亏了,就是LP赚的。

然后根据赌场定律,拉长时间线平均看下来,交易者永亏……GLP流动性提供者永赚,赚的还不少,一年二三十个点,熊市这收益,香啊!

但是GLP里面一半还是BTC,ETH这些Token,如果大盘跌了还是会亏钱,咋办呢?

于是乎一众项目开始研究既不亏钱又能拿那百分之二三十的GLP收益的方法,比如Umami最早弄了个Vault,去TracerDAO搞了BTC和ETH的三倍杠杆做空来平衡BTC与ETH币价的波动,结果因为各种原因失败了,最近打算调整策略重新尝试,还有RageTrade,GMD等,通过借代手段去对冲BTC与ETH的风险敞口。

这就导致Arbitrum上的Defi生态,有一堆都是围绕着GMX开展的,“可组合性”这个词在这里被发挥的淋漓尽致。

另一个值的关注的可能就是Dopex,这是个做链上期权的项目,基本上链上期权的To C项目,能看的就只有Ribbon和Dopex,Ribbon偏“正”,Dopex偏“奇”,Dopex的SSOV基本上已经把期权做到了极致简化和傻瓜化,之前还上了一个大西洋期权。

理论上可以跟其他项目形成各种提升资金效率的可组合性,比如,跟GMX合作出一个“大西洋无清算永续交易保险”,保证你的永续合约仓位永不爆仓,是不是很神奇?在这就不展开讲了,有兴趣的老铁自行去搜下就好。

Defi的最后可能得提一嘴Vesta,Luna倒了之后业界对加密原生稳定币的信心遭受重创。

也正是因为如此,我们更加期待一款加密原生型稳定币能够杀出重围,DAI已不再纯粹(50%以上抵押物都是USDC了),Liquity倒是纯净很多,但LUSD着实没啥应用场景。Vesta跟Liquity有点像,你可以暂时把他简单想象成Aribitrum上的Liquity - 超额抵押资产,给你生成稳定币VST。

跟Liquity不太一样的是,Vest允许:

多种抵押品铸造$VST;

有收益的资产作为抵押品 -,比如$GMX;

再次看到了GMX,这货真的是组合了太多的Defi协议。

03

NFT&GameFi

这个,相信你肯定也知道我要说哪个项目。必然是刚上了币安的Magic - TresureDAO。

TresureDAO几乎是靠一己之力扛起了Arbitrum生态NFT与GameFi的大旗!

首先,它是一个ETH当年大火特火的NFT-Loot项目的衍生项目,没想到Loot凉凉,它却慢慢火了起来;

其次,他的定位是比较独特的,它不是一个GameFi,他也不是一个NFT市场,他是一个……以NFT为基础的Gamfi任天堂?或者,你理解成街机房也成。

它有自己的Token,有且仅有一个,就是Magic,整个生态里面目前就这个一个Token。

它有自己的Market Place - Trove,生态项目的相关NFT都可以来这里交易,以ETH或是Magic计价。

它有自己的Dex - magicSwap!

它有一堆的GameFi项目,比如早期明星Realm,BattleFly,最近大火特火的Beacon……从模拟类,卡牌类,到动作类,RPG……一应俱全,目前貌似所有项目都没发币,都在使用Magic,是不是很有小时候街机房既视感?

Arbitrum上其实原本还有个挺大的NFT市场,叫Stratos,结果没能扛过这轮熊市寒冬,前端时间停止运营了,让人不禁唏嘘~

04

小结

除了上面说的这几大类,Arb上还有一些好玩的原创性项目,比如Y2K,做稳定资产的保险协议,同时因为自身的优秀,开始吸引一些其他链的项目过来玩,比如Polygon上面的GNS,最近就打算来Arbitrum这开个“分店”,谁让这边人多热闹呢!

不出意外的话,Arbitrum在未来一段时间将会继续领跑Layer2,现在唯一的问题就是:When Token???

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