11 月加密市场分析:寒冬已至,春天什么时候到来?

Bing VenturesPublished on 2022-12-15Last updated on 2022-12-15

Abstract

在刚刚过去的 11 月,区块链行业的重大事件依旧与 FTX 暴雷余波有关。

在刚刚过去的 11 月,区块链行业的重大事件依旧与 FTX 暴雷余波有关。数家做市商和交易所开始遭遇挤兑危机,比如 Genesis、BlockFi 等。市场上的恐慌情绪一度非常严重,甚至投资者开始担心 Digital Currency Group 可能走向破产。

与此同时,山寨币种的流动性已经接近枯竭。但与情绪指标相反的是,整个市场的价格走势反而没有进一步下探。比特币仅仅下挫不到 3% 便开始探底回升。结合更多的指标特征及外部环境,我们可以认为,市场已经进入漫长的磨底阶段。

狭窄的算力投降区间

根据比特币历史周期的经验,主流矿机的关机价可以作为一个见底指标。F2pool 的数据显示,随着比特币价格跌至 16000 美元,根据 0.06 美元 / 度电费和当前挖矿难度,包括蚂蚁 S17 系列、犀鸟 H8 Pro 和蜂鸟 H9 Pro 在内的大多数矿机已经到达了关机价格。

由于大约 16000 美元是主流矿机的关机价,所以这个价位的支撑力度会比较强,甚至超过了 20000 美元这个重要的心理支撑位。比特币网络在 12 月 5 日迎来难度调整。本次难度调整的幅度超过 7 月 21 日的 5.01% 的降幅,成为 2022 年内最大的降幅。

从指标上看比特币哈希带已经形成了一个死亡交叉,这意味着市场正在进入矿工投降期。随着越来越多的矿工关机,比特币网络的算力近期出现持续下降趋势。这意味已经有很多矿机关机,比特币价格已经处于一个较为合理的估值。

随着中小型比特币矿工的淘汰,剩下的有实力的矿工会更倾向于避免在低价区域抛售比特币,从而减少了抛售的压力。这可能会导致比特币的价格不再下跌,并且因为矿工选择持有而不是亏本售卖比特币,市场的供需关系可能会发生转变,从而提升比特币价格回升的概率。

谁是 Smart Money?

聪明钱(Smart Money)在 11 月 9 日达到 38% 的峰值后,稳定币的配置开始持续下降。在 11 月后面的时间里,Smart Money 从投资组合中稳定币集中度较高的水平转变到了目前降低的水平。目前,稳定币占据了 Smart Money 钱包余额的 27%。

就像稳定币持有者抛售 Tether 一样,当 crypto 资产的未来价值受到质疑时,crypto 资产持有者会转而使用稳定币。投资稳定币能够帮助 crypto 持有者降低风险,同时限制潜在的投资组合缩水,并且将资金保持在链上,使巨鲸用户能够在适应市场条件时轻松重新配置资本。目前,这一数据正趋于看涨区域。

如果稳定币市值占比下降,那么投资者可能会更倾向于使用比特币而不是稳定币进行投资。这可能会导致对比特币的需求增加,并促进比特币购买需求的增强。

宏观环境的变数

目前,加密市场的内在脆弱性和宏观环境成为了加密市场的主要影响力量。这两种力量会随着时间的推移而交替变化。随着加密市场内部问题不断爆发,宏观市场转暖对加密市场的影响力也逐渐凸显出来。

美联储 11 月份的会议记录显示,美联储委员们一致认为,目前几乎没有迹象表明通胀在缓解。有目的地转向更限制性的货币政策将符合风险管理的考量。将通胀降低到 2% 的水平仍然是美联储的长期目标,鹰派立场并没有动摇。

但与 9 月份的议息会议不同,11 月的议息会议开始出现鸽派的声音:大部分美联储委员认为,不久的将来放慢加息步伐是合适的。一些委员甚至认为,继续快速收紧货币将增加金融市场的不稳定性。委员们还讨论了英国国债暴跌和养老金暴雷对美国金融市场的影响。结合美国财政部长耶伦近期提出回购美国国债的建议,美债流动性的恶化已经成为美联储重点关注的风险点。

新年新预期

美联储在 11 月 1 日至 2 日的联邦公开市场委员会会议上保持了鹰派态度,即希望不惜一切代价遏制通货膨胀。鲍威尔表示,委员会希望在某个时候下降加息的步伐,但没有给出具体时间。市场重新定价了 12 月的 FOMC 会议,将加息 50 个基点的可能性定为约 80%,加息 75 个基点的可能性定为约 20%。

这与几周前的预期有所不同,可能表明市场对美联储的加息轨迹有了新的预期。这些消息表明美联储继续保持鹰派立场,并有可能在 12 月的 FOMC 会议上加息,但市场对这一情况的预期已经有所变化。这可能会影响市场的反应,并导致投资者对美联储政策的预期发生变化。

美联储明年的加息政策可能会受到联邦债务达到法定上限的影响。如果财政部无法照常借款,那么美联储将面临降低现金余额的压力,并可能不得不改变其加息政策。另外,由于国会不太可能在今年的「跛脚鸭」会期提高债务上限,而且预计明年国会也不会解决债务上限问题,因此美联储明年的加息政策将面临更大的不确定性。

在流动性较低的环境中,美联储明年的加息政策可能会导致波动性增加,并且可能导致债务上限的最后期限附近到期的国债遭遇抛售。总之,美联储 12 月份加息 50 基点已经成为大概率事件,宏观环境已经有放松迹象,美股大幅反弹,比特币也出现较大涨幅。从某种意义上看,宏观环境已经开始出现非常大的逆转,这也为比特币见底奠定了有利的宏观环境。

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