Magic Eden与Metaplex开撕,谁才是Solana上NFT版税话事人?

Odaily星球日报Published on 2022-12-11Last updated on 2022-12-11

Abstract

FTX 破产让 Solana 生态备受打击,NFT 市场也不安宁。

NFT版税之争已愈演愈烈,不仅是以太坊,关于是否强制执行 NFT 创作者版税的问题现在也蔓延到了本就问题重重的 Solana 区块链,该领域主要参与者 Metaplex 和 Magic Eden 之间长期酝酿的纷争终于曝光并延烧到了社交媒体上。

12 月 9 日,Solana 链上 NFT 标准创建者 Metaplex 在 Twitter 发文称,头部 NFT 市场 Magic Eden 正在领导一场「具有协调性的压力运动」且试图控制其创建的链上 NFT 标准。如果 Magic Eden 可能给设置代币参数和功能,那么 Solana 链上 NFT 将具有不同意其他类似代币的独特功能。作为 Solana 链上 NFT 标准的创建方,Metaplex 编写了几乎所有相关代码,这意味着他们几乎「控制」每一个 Solana 链上 NFT 的密钥。

值得一提的是,Metaplex 在推文中还提到了一个人:核心开发人员 Jordan Prince,他在 Solana Labs 工作时开发最初的 Metaplex 协议,之后离职创立了 B+J Studios 公司并在今年九月成功募集 1000 万美元资金以支持 NFT 基础设施开发——Metaplex 认为,Jordan Prince 是 Magic Eden 的同谋。

Metaplex vs. Magic Eden:「撕 * 大战」开始了

Metaplex 一直是 Solana 链上 NFT 版税征收的支持者,而 Magic Eden 则希望实施「零版税」策略,今年 10 月,Magic Eden 就宣布不再严格执行 NFT 创作者版税设定权限,以在熊市期间吸引更多用户并且避免竞争对手迅速抢走市场份额。

按照 Metaplex 在社交媒体的说法,他们在 Solana 区块链上一直扮演着创作者和艺术家「守门人」的角色,但 Magic Eden 更多地是从商业角度出发,希望将 NFT 版税标准从社区手中夺走并迫使用户接受「半生不熟」的治理计划。

Magic Eden 迅速做出反击,表示 Metaplex「诬陷」其试图控制 Solana 链上 NFT 标准,而且矛头一转,指责 Metaplex 正在用其今年九月推出的 MPLX 治理代币来变相掌握对 Solana 链上 NFT 标准的控制权,也会给标准本身带来不当影响。Magic Eden 还表示,他们已经和 Solana 链上其他建设者向 Metaplex 提出意见:「Metaplex 持有『上帝模式』密钥,他们几乎可以为所欲为,他们的目标其实是为了维护其 MPLX 代币持有者的利益。」

Metaplex 也不甘示弱,随即做出回应,声称将会发布新计划来「分散」对 Solana 链上 NFT 标准的控制权,但同时也强硬回怼 Magic Eden「不会随意安抚一个恶意行事的团体」。

Metaplex vs. Magic Eden:双方矛盾由来已久

这不是 Magic Eden 和 Metaplex 第一次就 Solana NFT 生态系统发展方向产生分歧了,只是现在双方的矛盾正以前所未有的方式蔓延到公众视野中。

早在 8 月,一位接近 Metaplex 的消息人士透露,Metaplex 发现 Magic Eden 托管用户上线 NFT 的方法存在潜在安全风险,但 Magic Eden 拒绝了 Metaplex 的帮助,也不愿意公开其源代码。据悉,Magic Eden 构建 NFT 市场的源代码其实来自于早期 Metaplex 的代码,但做了大量修改且被封闭起来不予以公开。

然而,让 Metaplex 和 Magic Eden 矛盾加剧的无疑是备受关注的二级市场 NFT 版税问题,NFT 创作者版税是一笔小额费用,通常在销售价格的 5% 到 10% 之间,由卖家通过相关市场自动支付给项目的原始创作者。在这个问题上,Magic Eden 和 Metaplex 看法相左,他们在今年 10 月宣布将在其平台上启用可选版税,允许 NFT 购买者选择全额版税、一半版税或无版税模式。

Magic Eden 做出这一举措实属无奈,过去一年,Magic Eden 一直是 Solana 上最主要的 NFT 市场,市场份额一度占据 90% 以上,但随着 Hadeswap 和 Solanart 等竞争对手推出「零版税」策略之后,Magic Eden 的市场份额快速下跌, 11 月中旬已缩水至 77% ,Yawww 和 Hadeswap 也正在一步步蚕食其「蛋糕」。

或许是因为 Magic Eden 「零版税」并没有得到 Metaplex 支持,他们决定另起炉灶, 11 月初 Magic Eden 联合创始人兼首席执行官 Jack Lu 宣布推出一种全新 Solana 链上 NFT 标准,该标准将在技术层面强制执行版税,执行此标准有望产生一种新的资产类别,可以为那些想要获得版税或新商业模式的人提供支持。上周,Magic Eden 又宣布从 12 月 2 日开始启动一项协议「Open Creator Protocol(OCP)」, 将对所有选择使用该工具的新收藏品征收版税,创作者也可以选择是否要保护版税。

就在 Magic Eden 踌躇满志的时候,Metaplex 杀了出来,「突然」宣布计划开发一种新的强制使用费 NFT 资产类别标准 MIP-1 ,该标准将于 2023 年 1 月推出。此举令 Jack Lu 异常愤怒,因为据他称,Magic Eden 的新版税工具在发布之前与 Metaplex 进行了分享,而 Metaplex 故意选择在 OCP 推出之后发布,可能会对有一些反制措施。

结语

FTX 破产让 Solana 生态备受打击,该网络以美元计价的 DeFi TVL 从 11 月 6 日的 10 亿美元下降至 2.783 亿美元,降幅高达 72.1% ;网络稳定币市值也从 39 亿美元缩水至 21 亿美元,降幅达到 46.1% 。

现在,链上 NFT 市场也变得不安宁,或许会让 Solana 生态雪上加霜。Metaplex 和 Magic Eden 最终谁能控制链上 NFT 标准?让我们拭目以待吧。

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