ZK-rollups能否在BTC上获得成功?

深潮TechFlowPublished on 2022-12-08Last updated on 2022-12-08

Abstract

Rollup 在以太坊网络上逐渐流行起来,如果在比特币上采用 Rollup,我们会不会拥有一个比目前的闪电网络更容易成功的支付网络?

Rollup 在以太坊网络上逐渐流行起来,如果在比特币上采用 Rollup,我们会不会拥有一个比目前的闪电网络更容易成功的支付网络?

比特币和以太坊存储用户数据(或 "状态")的方式,以及智能合约与上述数据互动的方式,都有很大不同。因为比特币采用的是 UTXO 模型,而以太坊采用的是基于账户的模型。

此外,保护部署在每个网络上的 L1 Rollup 的机制也有很大差异。

闪电网络上的 Rollup

Rollup 在以太坊网络上逐渐流行起来。

如果在比特币上采用 Rollup,我们将拥有一个比目前的闪电网络更容易成功的支付网络。

比较这两者可能很困难,因为它们的目的不同。

为了得到一个更清晰的概念,从流动性和用户数量方面思考可能会有帮助。数以千计的 Lightning 节点目前在网络上处于活动状态。其中一些是托管的,意味着它们有使用其服务的客户。不过,我们很难说总共有多少用户,这使得我们无法知道在任何时候有多少交易是通过闪电网络进行的。

在某些情况下,Rollup 可能是一个比其他更可行的选择。例如,你想要在不需要流入流动性或没有渠道限制的情况下进行离线支付。但是,如果您需要的是高容量和高容量且低成本的交易,例如小额或纳米支付,那么闪电网络等状态通道很可能是更好的选择。

P2P 或 B2B 支付可能最适合 Rollup,因为它们为用户提供了更加顺畅的体验。这也取决于我们谈论的是哪种类型的支付--某些类型的付款方式可能更适合专门为其设计的 Rollup。

Rollup 的潜力

多重签名用来保证 Rollups 的安全,而不是像第 1 层那样的原型共识。

Rollups 有单个区块生产者,而不是多个区块生产者,这意味着用户可能需要等待 24 或 48 小时才能获得他们的资金。

虽然人们仍在研究管理闪电网络和用户体验的工具,但 Rollups 可能会解决这些问题。Rollups 可以提高可信度、安全性和正常运行时间。即便如此,底层区块链也有其挑战--我们不断遇到 bug。不过,我们有可能越来越接近于开发一个将来适合所有人的系统。

用例表明,Rollups 目前的性能优于闪电网络或当今比特币上可用的其他第 2 层协议。

可以用 ZK rollups 做什么在比特币 Layer1 上不能做的事情?

可以在 ZK rollup 上做各种应用。

例如,对于任何区块链生态系统来说,拥有一个落地应用是很有利的,而做到这一点的方法就是从稳定币开始。如果你能开发出普遍接受的稳定币支付轨道,那么在以后的道路上,引入你的代币就会简单得多。

假设闪电网络成为转移稳定币的首选方法--在这种情况下,比特币将比以太坊有优势。

然而,如果 rollup 成为以太坊移动稳定币的主要解决方案,那么谨慎地转移以太也会更容易。

如果你想通过闪电网络发送稳定币,则需要一些努力。解决方案是将稳定币与比特币来回交换多次以完成支付,当然,这意味着要收取交易费。这首先暴露了使用闪电网络的一个问题。比特币上的 ZK Rollup 可以在这里派上用场,因为他们也有转移代币的能力,这将对用户起到重要作用。

将 ZK Rollup 纳入比特币需要什么?

好消息是,即使需要新的 OP 代码,它也不需要硬分叉。

如果你想留在网络和共识中,老节点不需要更新他们的软件,他们仍然可以与其他已经升级并使用新 OP 代码的节点发送和接收代币。

比特币之前已经成功地完成了这种类型的软分叉,所以我们现在不应该太担心。

下一步?

在我们确定需要更改哪些内容以在比特币上实施 ZK rollup 之前,需要进行许多实验。

如果决定采用软分叉,可能会有许多好处。例如,如果我们将软分叉用于有效性 rollup,这将释放其他潜在的用例,并允许网络将 OP 代码用于不同目的。

开发人员已经在测试网上努力工作,不同的研究人员将进行多项实验,以确保一切顺利进行,并尽可能地让用户受益。

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