马斯克与推特纠葛史:一切起源于圣何塞的小旅馆

链得得Published on 2022-10-29Last updated on 2022-10-29

Abstract

现在看来,一项一度看起来难以处理、不可能被打破的协议,终于达成了。这场硅谷历史上最疯狂,也最断断续续的交易,即将尘埃落定。

这是三月下旬圣何塞一个凉爽的夜晚。

一场匆忙组织的会议被安排在一家Airbnb,来招待这位世界首富。

这次会议对Twitter来说意义重大。埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)最近成为了Twitter最大的股东。现在有传言说他想加入公司董事会。

当Twitter主席Bret Taylor到达会场时,情况并不完全是他所期待的。

据报道,他给马斯克发短信称,这里“当选了我最近开会最奇怪的地方”。

“我想他们是在机场附近寻找的Airbnb,那里还有拖拉机和驴子,”Taylor告诉马斯克。

然而,会议进行得很顺利。

几天后,就有消息称,马斯克将加入Twitter董事会。

这仅仅是个开始。接下来的六个月将见证硅谷历史上最疯狂,也最断断续续的交易之一。

推特首席执行官Parag Agrawal / 图片来源:BBC

4月初,马斯克似乎对自己在Twitter的董事会职位感到满意,他经常发推谈论公司可能要发生的变化。

然而,他和推特首席执行官Parag Agrawal的私下会面并不顺利。两人在如何修复平台的问题上意见不一。马斯克感到很沮丧。

据说他曾给Taylor发过这样的短信,“通过和Parag聊天来修整推特是行不通的”,“我们需要采取激烈的行动。”

4月14日,这位亿万富翁公开表示,他想收购Twitter,并且是全盘收购。

他提出以440亿美元(380亿英镑)的价格来收购Twitter。Twitter董事会最初拒绝了这一报价,甚至设立了“毒丸(poison pill)”条款(一项有期限的股东权利计划),试图阻止马斯克强行收购该公司。

然后情况又发生了变化。经过深思熟虑,Twitter董事会决定接受这笔交易。4月25日,Twitter宣布接受这一报价。

马斯克在推特上写道:“Yesssss!!!”

图片来源:推特

马斯克认为,Twitter已经迷失了方向。他表示,Twitter经常限制言论,作为世界的“市政厅”,它需要将言论自由置于一切之上。

马斯克在4月14日在向 Twitter 发出的收购要约中写道:

“我投资 Twitter 的原因是我相信它现在已经具备成为一个全球言论自由的平台的潜力,而且我相信言论自由对于一个正常运转的民主国家来说是一种社会责任。

然而,自从我投资了 Twitter 后,我现在意识到以目前的情况,Twitter 既不会繁荣发展,也无法满足社会的需求。Twitter 需要转型成为一家私人公司。

因此,我提出以每股 54.20 美元的现金形式收购 Twitter 100% 股份,这个价格较我开始投资 Twitter 的前一天溢价 54%,较我公开宣布投资消息的前一天溢价 38%。我的报价是我能够给出最好的,也是最终的价格。如果这个价格最终没能被接受,我将重新考虑作为一个股东的立场。

Twitter 拥有着非凡的潜力,我将会释放它。”

他还在加拿大温哥华举行的TED 2022大会上接受采访时表示,他根本不关心“经济”。

但在交易完成后的几周甚至几个月里,科技股出现了下跌。

不可避免地,Twitter的价值也在下降。

很快,许多分析人士开始质疑马斯克是否为Twitter支付了过高的价格。

而在公开场合,他又抛出了一个不同的问题——Twitter上有多少真正的账户?

这位被《福布斯》和彭博社评为世界首富,净资产约为2500亿美元的亿万富翁,多年来,他一直在抱怨该平台上的机器人数量太多。

在他的提议被接受后,他反复要求推特提供其实际用户数量的数据。

Twitter高管分享了他们的数据,根据随机抽样的账户估计,只有不到5%的日活跃用户是机器人。但这似乎激怒了马斯克。

Agrawal在Twitter上发了很长一篇帖子,解释了该公司是如何获得这一数据的,随后马斯克用便便的表情符号做出了回应。

图片来源:BBC

交易开始破裂。

并不出乎意料的是,7月8日,马斯克宣布他想退出这笔交易。

当时,人们纷纷猜测,他是想争取更好的价格,还是真的要离开?这很难说。

推特对此毫不理会。该公司辩称,马斯克收购该公司的协议具有法律约束力,现在取消交易不是一个好的选择。

由于双方聘请的律师费用都非常昂贵,法院于10月17日在特拉华州开庭,以决定马斯克是否将“被迫”收购该公司。

在法庭文件中,Twitter辩称,公司向他提供了关于其拥有多少真正用户的充足信息。

但马斯克认为,Twitter的机器人数量可能是其公开宣称的数倍,他甚至指责该公司存在欺诈行为。

公众也对此开始质疑。Twitter的绝大部分收入来自广告,广告商们开始怀疑到底有多少广告是展示给真人看的。

双方争斗的过程使得Twitter内部也变得非常分散。一些员工希望马斯克成为他们的首席执行官;还有一些人私下里,甚至公开表示,马斯克的收购对内容审核和公司的更大目标来说将是一场灾难。

就在马斯克、推特、法官和记者们都在为这场似乎不可避免的官司做准备之际,又发生了另一个惊人的转折。

在对Twitter提出了各种指控之后,马斯克突然宣布交易重新开始。

他表示:“收购Twitter是创造一个无所不能的App X的催化剂。”

图片来源:推特

是什么改变了他的主意?也许他认为会输掉官司。 在他宣布改变主意的几天前,他本来要面对来自Twitter律师的证词。也许他想避免一场折磨人且可能暴露真相的盘问。

Taylor在推特上表示,该公司“致力于按照与马斯克商定的价格和条款完成交易”。

推特还要求法院推迟审理此案,而不是取消。马斯克的律师反驳称,Twitter“不会接受肯定的回答”。

马斯克必须在10月28日英国夏令时17:00(即北京时间10月29日0点)前拿出这笔钱。

现在看来,一项一度看起来难以处理、不可能被打破的协议,终于达成了。

图片来源:推特

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