zkSync 2.0 主网即将上线,带来了连V神都在期待的东西

白话区块链Published on 2022-10-28Last updated on 2022-10-28

Abstract

不出意外的话,以太坊 Layer 2 扩容解决方案 zkSync 将于今日正式上线 2.0 主网(主要是做压力测试和安全工作)。

不出意外的话,以太坊 Layer 2 扩容解决方案 zkSync 将于今日正式上线 2.0 主网(主要是做压力测试和安全工作)。

作为 zkEVM 兼容(一种兼容 EVM 同时又对零知识证明友好的虚拟机)的 L2 区块链,此次升级或将成为整个 Layer2 尤其是 zkEVM 试金的开端。

01

zkSync:以太坊基金会青睐的 ZK-Rollups 方案

作为 Matter Labs 开发的基于 ZK-Rollups 架构的以太坊扩容方案,可谓是含着金汤匙出生:2019 年 3 月便获得以太坊基金会第五波赠款计划的资助,用于支持其在零知识证明的 L2 扩展方面的工作。

随即半年后的 2019 年 9 月份便获得 Placeholder VC 领投的 200 万元种子轮融资,彼时正处于加密市场的上一轮寒冬底部,此后 zkSync 更是受到资本青睐:

2021 年 3 月完成 5000 万美元 A 轮融资,Union Square Ventures 领投,其他投资方包括 Placeholder、1kx 和 Dragonfly 等

今年 1 月 Matter Labs 也成立价值 2 亿美元的 DAO 组织,由 BitDAO 支持,计划通过公共产品、基础设施、安全框架、研发资助以及对其他加密组织的投资来帮助扩展 zkSync 生态系统

总的来看,虽然 zkSync 总融资金额在一众 Layer2 天王中算不上特别出彩,但在创立初期能获得以太坊基金会的认可,以及加密寒冬中仍能收获资本支持,足见成色。

而项目进展方面,zkSync 最早于 2020 年 6 月上线 1.0 主网,主要聚焦于支付目的,也即只支持链上 Layer2 转账(相信不少小伙伴都有过在 Gitcoin 上使用 zkSync 进行转账赠款的经历),不支持智能合约部署,这也限制了其 DApp 生态的发展。

随后 2020 年 10 月 Matter Labs 推出 zkSync 智能合约测试网 Zinc Alef,Curve 为首个部署 DApp,但并没有兼容 EVM,走的是定制路线。

而其完全兼容 EVM 的通用 2.0 测试网,直到今年 2 月份才推出——发布了面向开发人员和用户的工具 Portal,包含钱包、Token桥、请求测试 ETH 的水龙头等。

而此次 2.0 主网的启动,也意味着作为与 EVM 兼容的 ZK-Rollup,zkSync 走在了一众 Layer2 擂台赛的前列。

02

zksync 生态

根据 zkSync 官网生态全景,zkSync 生态目前共有 160 多个项目,涵盖钱包、DeFi、基础设施、支付网关、公共产品、社交、隐私、NFT 等多元化赛道。

不过这 160 个项目包含已支持或即将支持的 DApp,且大部分为尚未支持,目前已集成 zkSync 的项目仅有 20 个左右,且钱包(4 个)和 DeFi(8 个)加起来就已过半,实际生态仍比较单一。

这主要是因为 zkSync 1.0 尚不兼容 EVM,导致 zkSync 上实际可用的原生 DApp 较为单薄,因此本次 zkSync 2.0 正式上线才会如此引人注目——预计 zkSync 2.0 正式上线后才会在 DeFi 和 NFT 等其它领域推动生态发展。

因此 ,简单盘点几个已上线的原生 DApp 应用:

1)Orbiter Finance

Orbiter Finance 是一个Layer2 跨 Rollup 桥,目前支持在以太坊、zkSync、Arbitrum、Polygon、Optimism 之间转移 ETH 和 USDC,不少用户也将其作为主要的 zkSync 体验(刷空投)途径之一。

2)ZigZag

ZigZag Exchange 是一个基于 ZK-Rollup 的订单簿 DEX,支持以太坊和 zkSync 的资产兑换。此前在 Terra 崩盘中由于 ZigZag 与 UST 的深度绑定而备受冲击,至今尚有缓不过来的迹象,前阵子称将在 zkSync 2.0 主网上线后启动 ZigZag DAO。

3)Argent

此前 Argent 全面开放 Layer2 账户注册,现在任何人都可以访问其以太坊 zkSync 网络钱包。

4)Numio

Numio 是一个基于以太坊和 zkSync 的 Layer2 移动钱包应用,该应用还集成了加密资产购买和兑换功能。根据路线图,Numio 之后会集成其他 Layer2 解决方案,以及整合 NFT、DeFi 功能,包括挖矿和借代等。

5)zkSync:zkEVM 的「优等生」

前不久的韩国区块链周上,Vitalik 又双叒叕一次重申了在 Layer 2 大战中对 ZK -Rollup 的看好:

仍然相信今天的一些 Optimistic Rollup 项目会成功,但预计今天致力于扩展以太坊的一些 Optimistic Rollup 项目将转向拥抱 ZK-Rollups,因为 ZK-Rollups 具有「基本优势」,甚至直言「ZK-Rollup 很可能是以太坊的顶级 Layer2 扩展武器」。

一般来说,ZK-Rollup 的工作方式是在链下执行批量交易,并定期在 L1 上发布证明,以证明这些交易的有效性。而 zkEVM 通过使用证明电路来生成证明,以验证 EVM 执行的程序的正确性,从而将这个概念向前推进了一步。

因此对于许多人来说,zkEVM 被视为扩展以太坊的「终局」——zkEVM 是第一个与以太坊完全兼容的 ZK 扩容解决方案,它使开发人员可以非常轻松地从与 EVM 兼容的链中迁移他们的 DApp。

目前有许多团队在推动 zkEVM 的研发,包括:

Polygon zkEVM、Scroll,它们更关注 EVM 等效性

zkSync、StarkWare(StarkNet),它们更注重更注重证明速度

其中 zkSync 正处于发布 zkSync 2.0 的风口浪尖,按照他们自己的说法:「这将是第一个优化后的端到端 zkEVM」。

根据前不久公布的路线图,zkSync 2.0 主网 10 月 28 日上线后 1 个月内,除了 Matter Labs 团队外,其他人无法使用。

而在初步测试后,四季度开发人员可以在主网上进行移植和开发;今年年底前一旦所有安全检查都通过,将向外部用户开放(当然关于其Token的相关消息也开始逐步在坊间流传)。

这也意味着 zkSync 官网那 100 多个处于等待行列的 DeFi、NFT 等其它领域的 DApp,将逐步完成迁移,从而助推目前数目多的 zkEVM 生态逐步成型。

04

小结

如今在以太坊合并已经完成一个半月的当下,尤其是在当下加密市场情绪低迷的背景下,Layer2 尤其是 zkEVM 在接下来整个以太坊生态的所扮演的角色尤其吃重(毕竟 OP Rollup 的生态已经成型,只是效果不尽如人意):

能否带来新的叙事空间,能否直接获得以太坊的网络效应,从而兼顾生态与可扩展性权衡?

叫嚷了两年的 Layer2 盛夏,到了最终试金验收的时刻。

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