今年全球元宇宙市场投融资总额超320亿元,为去年全年投融资总额的2.3倍

巴比特Published on 2022-09-01Last updated on 2022-09-01

Abstract

“相较于2021年的万物皆可‘元宇宙’,今年听到这个概念的频率好像减少很多,毕竟技术还不成型。”

“相较于2021年的万物皆可‘元宇宙’,今年听到这个概念的频率好像减少很多,毕竟技术还不成型。”业内人士在接受《金融时报》记者采访时表示。

但事实上,2022年以来,全球范围内资本仍在不断涌入这一新兴领域,有研究报告显示,截至6月末,年内全球元宇宙市场投融资总额已超过320亿元,达到去年全年投融资总额的2.3倍。在VC/PE们的眼中,元宇宙正当风口。

就国内而言,数字化转型已成为国家重点战略发展方向,元宇宙作为产业发展的未来形态,将能够充分打开产业数字化转型发展的新空间。今年以来,在政策层面,已有数十个省市相继出台元宇宙产业相关扶持政策。

8月22日,《北京城市副中心元宇宙创新发展行动计划(2022—2024年)》(以下简称《行动计划》)印发,提出“力争通过3年的努力,将城市副中心打造成为以文旅内容为特色的元宇宙应用示范区”。在重点任务上,《行动计划》明确,搭建产业投融资服务平台。依托北京城市副中心产业引导基金,搭建一只覆盖元宇宙产业的子基金,支持元宇宙初创项目和重大项目。

尽管元宇宙目前尚处于发展初期,与之密切相关的底层技术发展至成熟期仍需要更长的时间探索,但业界普遍认为,这同样意味着元宇宙将有着巨大的发展空间。不过,在这一过程中,产业和市场均需要回归理性,从概念探讨转向务实操作的产业面落地尚需时日。

复旦大学国家智能评价与治理实验基地副主任赵星日前在2022年全球元宇宙大会上表示,中国的元宇宙发展要将以人为本的目标、以虚强实的战略、包容审慎的态度、自主可控的产业、虚实交互的技术、敏捷治理的机制,作为元宇宙相关的数字经济新赛道发展的核心策略。

地方政府积极支持

2021年底,上海发布《上海市电子信息制造业发展“十四五”规划》,首次将元宇宙纳入地方“十四五”产业规划,并预计到2025年,全市元宇宙产业规模突破3500亿元。今年以来,各地政府在扶持元宇宙相关产业发展的政策加码上愈发频繁、愈显力度。

在《行动计划》落地前,早在今年2月,北京市通州区人民政府在印发《关于加快北京城市副中心元宇宙创新引领发展若干措施的通知》(以下简称《通知》)时,便从示范应用、产业布局、鼓励投资、房租补贴等方面鼓励元宇宙相关企业落地发展,提出要提升元宇宙产业空间承载能力,打造“1+N”的产业创新集聚区。

其中,为鼓励发展早期和长期投资,《通知》明确,依托通州产业引导基金,采用“母基金+直投”的方式联合其他社会资本,打造一只覆盖元宇宙产业的基金;支持设立专注于早期和长期投资的元宇宙子基金。

分析人士认为,产业引导基金在推动需要长周期资金投入的新兴战略产业和创业初期高科技产业发展上有巨大作用,可有效带动和引导社会投资,发挥金融资金的杠杆效应,支持元宇宙初创项目和重大项目并延长支持周期,进一步完善服务体系,支撑产业生态建设。

除京沪外,截至目前,厦门、广州、重庆、南京、杭州、沈阳等地也在相关产业规划和扶持政策中提及元宇宙,并提出打造试验区。今年4月,重庆市渝北区发布《渝北区元宇宙产业创新发展行动计划(2022—2024年)》,提出打造“元宇宙先导试验区”和“元宇宙生态产业园”,构建元宇宙治理与产业发展体系;5月,《江西省“十四五”数字经济发展规划》中提出,依托南昌VR、电子信息等产业基础和优势,在九龙湖区域建设“元宇宙试验区”。

《金融时报》记者了解到,今年6月,上海已推出为元宇宙量身定制的两个特色产业园区——“张江数链”和“漕河泾元创未来”,相关产品及应用场景已大量涌现。

上海市经信委软件和信息服务业处处长裘薇在介绍近日发布的《上海市培育“元宇宙”新赛道行动方案(2022—2025年)》时表示,借助5G技术,支撑边缘计算、物联网、8K超高清等领域的颠覆性创新,叠加VR/AR、车联网、工业互联网、智慧医疗、智慧金融等消费级应用场景,一定会催生一批重量级应用。

投融资保持强劲增长势头

在经历了被称之为“元宇宙元年”的2021年后,随着AR/VR相关技术不断进步,元宇宙概念实现基础和现实诉求更进一步,体现在资本市场上便是投融资事件爆发式增长,相关概念企业如雨后春笋般涌现。

美国证券交易委员会(SEC)报告称,在2022年上半年,“Metaverse(元宇宙)”一词在监管文件中出现了1100多次,而在2021年,仅有260次被提及。由新浪VR与企查查大数据研究院联合发布的《2022元宇宙年中投融资报告》(以下简称《报告》)显示,上半年,全球投融资总额超过了320亿元,投资事件总数为205起。分别达到了2021年全年投融资总额、投融资总数的2.3倍和3.2倍,且高额融资事件更多,融资额占比更高。其中,国内投融资事件为40起,融资总额达42.76亿元。

有报告显示,五源资本、顺为资本、知春资本、高瓴创投等产业资本在元宇宙相关产业的投资活跃度较高。信达证券表示,元宇宙或是下半年互联网行业投资主线。

产业仍处于初期发展阶段

全球知名咨询机构麦肯锡在今年6月发布的一份研究报告中表示,2022年以来,已有超过1200亿美元的投资流向元宇宙;79%的活跃用户在元宇宙进行了消费;25%的高管表示,预计未来5年,公司超15%的收入将来自元宇宙;到2030年,元宇宙的价值可能达到5万亿美元。

不过,去年10月,Facebook正式更名为Meta,全面投入元宇宙建设,但该公司2021年第四季度财报显示,Meta元宇宙业务“现实实验室”部门在2021年营业亏损超100亿美元;今年上半年,该部门亏损近58亿美元。

同时,国内元宇宙概念企业也面临“烧钱”的困境。字节跳动自2021年收购Pico进军元宇宙以来,在两年内已豪掷数百亿元进行投资收购;曾立志成为“元宇宙时代的微软”的影创科技,近日被爆出存在大规模欠薪行为。

有分析人士表示,无法在C端稳定“造血”是元宇宙相关技术面临的尴尬现状之一。“我们觉得这个技术需要进步了,只有这样,承接技术的C端用户才会接受。”赵星认为。

在赵星看来,元宇宙本质上是一个智能社会,这种虚拟和现实高度融合的智能社会能够让所有人接受高质量的服务,因此需要关注人作为社会核心角色,以人类福祉的提高作为第一视角。

“元宇宙是目前可见的移动互联网的终极形态,但由于元宇宙产业还处于初期发展阶段,具有新兴产业的不成熟、不稳定等特征,至少存在资本操纵、垄断算力、产业内卷、算力压力、隐私风险和知识产权保护等风险点,需要产业和市场回归理性。”《报告》如是写道。

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