Dash 基于 Zcash 启动了 ZK 隐私功能

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2026-07-30Last updated on 2026-07-30

Abstract

Dash已在其Dash Platform v4.0中成功集成了基于Zcash Orchard协议(使用Halo 2,无需可信设置)的ZK隐私功能。这为Dash网络提供了第二种隐私模型,与原有的CoinJoin机制共存。 新功能将隐私直接内置到协议层,用户可在Core网络透明地址、Platform Credits(与DASH固定比例挂钩的内部单位)的屏蔽池(Shielded Pool)之间进行资产转入和私密转账。屏蔽池能隐藏交易的余额、发送方、接收方和金额,仅通过零知识证明验证交易有效性。 此次集成涉及对Orchard协议的适配,包括状态转换、存储和与核心网络的交互。在发布前,团队已及时修复了从原协议中发现的关键双重支出漏洞,并采用SumTree结构防止隐蔽增发。 移动钱包同步时间在测试中约为21秒,速度快于同类方案。Dash计划未来为平台原生代币单独部署屏蔽池,旨在结合ZK隐私、代币/NFT发行以及与DASH的直接兑换能力,为用户资产提供与成熟加密货币市场的连通性。

今年二月,我们曾报道过 Dash 计划集成 Orchard 的新闻。当时提到的是未来的版本发布以及实现用户代币隐私功能的前景。

现在,该计划的第一部分已经实现:在 Dash Platform v4.0.0 中,受保护(shielded)操作已成为共识机制的一部分。这不是一个外部混币器、非托管服务或实验性的智能合约——隐私功能被直接内置到了协议中。

对于历史上与 CoinJoin 密切相关的 Dash 来说,这并非取代旧的隐私机制,而是第二种隐私模型。CoinJoin 在核心网络中继续运行,而 Platform 则使用零知识(ZK)证明来代替需要多位参与者的混币轮次。这种方法更适合快速的移动钱包。与此同时,Dash 的常规交易仍然是透明的:隐私是可选项。

受保护池(Shielded pool)隐藏了池内交易的余额、发送方、接收方和转账金额。网络验证资金确实存在、属于发送方且未被重复花费,但这个过程无需披露操作的具体内容。

用户可以从透明的 Platform 地址向保护池存入 credits,进行私人转账,再将资金转回。对于 DASH 持有者来说,另外两个路径更为重要:ShieldFromAssetLock 功能直接将资金从核心(Core)网络发送到保护池,而 ShieldedWithdrawal 功能则将资金提取到指定的核心地址。为了避免将提现操作与之前的活动关联起来,钱包必须使用新的地址。

Platform Credits 是 Dash Platform 的内部计价单位,与 Dash 通过固定比例关联:一个 Dash 对应 1000 亿 credits。

隐私是如何工作的——无需复杂数学

Dash 并未从零开始创建新的 ZK 方案。其实现的基础是 Orchard,这是 Zcash 基于 Halo 2(无需可信设置)的受保护协议。Dash 的工程工作主要是将其适配到 Platform:设计自有状态转换、在 GroveDB 中存储、处理手续费、钱包同步以及返回核心网络的路径。

在发布前不久,Orchard 协议中发现了一个严重漏洞,可能导致池内发生双花攻击。Zcash 团队修复了证明方案,而 Dash Core Group 早在 Platform 4.0 发布之前,就已经将其实现转移到了更新后的库。Dash 中额外的控制层由 SumTree 结构提供:该结构存储并验证池的状态,防止隐藏的通胀未被察觉。

受保护系统的一个主要问题是钱包同步。为了发现接收到的资金,应用程序会获取加密的 notes,并在本地检查哪些 notes 可以使用其密钥解密。在此过程中,服务器不会知道哪些转账属于该用户。

在应用程序的测试版本中,我们创建了一个新钱包并启动了同步过程:大约耗时 21 秒,这比同步 ZCash 的 Zodl 钱包要快得多。

支持这项新技术的移动钱包版本预计将在近期发布。

目前,保护池仅支持 Platform Credits。不过,Dash 已宣布计划为 Platform 的原生代币添加独立的保护池。

隐私用户资产并非新概念。Dash 的优势在于具体的能力组合:ZK 隐私、代币和 NFT 发行,以及所创建资产与 Dash 之间的相互兑换。得益于此,每一种资产都能与一种已经成熟的代币建立直接联系,并通过该代币与外部市场连接。

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Related Questions

QDash在隐私方案上引入了哪项新技术,它如何补充其原有的CoinJoin机制?

ADash在其Platform v4.0.0中引入了基于Zcash Orchard协议的ZK隐私技术(Shielded Operations)。这并非取代原有的CoinJoin机制,而是提供了第二套隐私模型。CoinJoin继续在主网络运行,而Platform则使用零知识证明来提供隐私,更适用于快速移动钱包,使隐私成为一个可选项。

QDash Platform Credits是什么,它与Dash原生代币是什么关系?

ADash Platform Credits是Dash Platform内部使用的计价单位。它与原生代币Dash有固定的兑换比例:1个Dash对应1000亿(100 billion)Credits。

Q文章中提到,在发布前在Orchard协议中发现了一个关键漏洞。这个漏洞可能造成什么后果,Dash团队是如何应对的?

A发现的漏洞可能导致用户在隐私资金池(shielded pool)内进行双花攻击。应对措施是:Zcash团队修复了证明方案,而Dash Core Group在发布Platform 4.0之前,已将其实现更新到了修复后的库。此外,Dash还通过SumTree结构提供了额外控制层,确保不会发生未被察觉的隐形增发。

Q文章称Dash的ZK-隐私钱包同步速度比Zcash的Zodl钱包更快,测试中具体的同步时间是多少?

A在测试版本中,创建一个新钱包并进行同步大约需要21秒,这个速度被描述为显著快于Zcash的Zodl钱包。

QDash Platform目前的ZK隐私池支持哪些资产,未来的扩展计划是什么?

A目前,ZK隐私池(shielded pool)仅支持Platform Credits。Dash已宣布计划在未来为Platform上的原生代币添加独立的隐私池,以实现用户资产(包括代币和NFT)的隐私交易。

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