解读火热的x402协议:如何解锁无广告、无GAS费智能体新经济?

marsbitPublished on 2025-10-26Last updated on 2025-10-27

几十年来,在线广告一直是互联网赖以生存的唯一方式。

所有人都在争夺注意力。为此,企业会收集你周围所有可能的数据,建立用户画像,并向你展示广告。

智能体

代理型网络与原罪[1]

在互联网上,这一单一模型解锁了当前规模达万亿美元的市场。

金融始终存在于互联网中:

  • 与支付服务商建立合作伙伴关系
  • 为网站设置付费墙
  • 或投放广告

但小额支付(低于1美元)过去始终无法实现经济可行性(VISA/万事达卡每笔交易收取约2%+0.1美元手续费),因此广告成为唯一可行的商业模式,这导致:

  • 用户可免费获取海量内容
  • 广告主能精准触达目标用户
  • 内容提供商因其内容获得收益

形成三赢局面。

随着世界向智能体迈进:

  • 智能体正通过充当中间件,取代人类成为内容的主要消费者。
  • 广告主将无法精准触达人类用户,广告经济体系或将崩塌。
  • 智能体如今要么会盗取(抓取)内容,要么会购买内容。

应用程序接口API将取代浏览器、代理浏览器[2],成为默认的通信模式。

智能体

用户交互路径

内容盗取对互联网而言并非可行之道,因此内容发布者将转向对其网站收取小额费用,而智能体需具备支付能力。数十年来,小额支付始终难以实现,直到区块链技术横空出世才打破这一困局。

诸如Solana之类的区块链技术使得规模化的小额支付成为可能,且不会对用户造成掠夺性收费。

x402协议创建的统一接口可实现以下功能:

  • 消费者为内容付费
  • 内容发布者通过内容获利
  • 无需中间商(VISA/万事达卡)参与
  • 实现智能体小额支付

智能体

来源: payai.network

当任意客户端(智能体、浏览器)发送内容访问请求时,内容主机会返回付费要求,客户端完成支付后即可获取内容,这为智能互联网开启了全新的经济模式。

我特别看好的应用方向:

  • 无GAS费用户体验:我认为尚未被充分挖掘的一点是,x402如何让用户在任何网络上实现无GAS费的交易,用户只需在钱包中持有资产即可完成支付。
  • x402浏览器:应该有人直接基于Chromium代码库进行二次开发,将x402协议深度集成到浏览器内核中。实际上Brave浏览器最适合推进此计划,他们在加密货币领域颇具影响力,已内置钱包功能并默认支持IPFS协议,在我看来是目前最接近具备实施能力的技术团队。
  • 链上集市:正如传统市场存在可发现性问题,Coinbase通过推出“Bazaars”(印地语中"集市"之意)解决了这一痛点。但当前这些离线维护的集市仍存在一定准入限制,急需建立链上目录系统,允许任何人在其中添加可售资源(API接口/新闻通讯/电子书等),并像OpenRouter为AI模型评分那样内置评级机制。
  • 广告跳过:如同任何新技术,x402的全球普及需要时间。在此期间,通过小额支付跳过广告将成为该协议的自然演进路径,用户设定可接受的每日消费上限后,当使用x402浏览器访问YouTube时,系统将自动跳过广告并代用户向广告商支付相应费用。

我始终惊叹于一项简单技术如何能解锁新的经济模式,x402 正是其中之一。

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