154家公司筹资近千亿美元入场,困境企业的比特币自救之路能走多远?

华尔街日报Published on 2025-08-08Last updated on 2025-08-08

一股前所未有的比特币购买潮正席卷全球上市公司,困境中的企业纷纷将数字资产视为拯救股价和融资能力的救命稻草。从生物技术公司到黄金矿商,从酒店运营商到电动汽车制造商,各行各业的企业都在争相效仿MicroStrategy的成功模式,通过大举买入比特币来吸引投资者注意力。

据加密货币咨询公司Architect Partners数据显示,截至8月5日的一年内,已有154家上市公司筹集或承诺筹集总计984亿美元资金用于购买加密货币,而此前仅有10家公司筹集了336亿美元。这一激增趋势在特朗普政府对数字资产行业全力支持的背景下愈发火热。

对于许多陷入困境的公司而言,购买加密代币似乎是吸引投资者关注并提振股价的可靠途径,至少在短期内如此。

然而,这种通过债务融资大举买入比特币的策略,可持续性存疑,有人将其类比1998年的互联网泡沫时期。有分析警告称,一旦比特币价格暴跌,这些高杠杆的企业可能面临无法偿还债权人的困境,从而对整个比特币生态造成系统性冲击。

MicroStrategy效应引发全球跟风潮

MicroStrategy的巨大成功成为这波趋势的催化剂。自2020年以来,其创始人Michael Saylor几乎每周都在购买比特币,并举办会议鼓励其他企业效仿。MicroStrategy目前市值约1150亿美元,几乎是其持有比特币价值的两倍,该公司股价在五年内飙升超过3000%。

仅上周,MicroStrategy就购买了价值25亿美元的比特币,这是其有史以来第三大单笔购买。这种成功模式激励了全球范围内越来越多的所谓“加密货币库存公司”涌现。

许多新进入者甚至模仿MicroStrategy,将网站颜色改为比特币的橙色色调,并提供显示其持有代币数量、价值和其他重要指标的数据仪表板。就连特朗普本人也加入了这一行列——他的家族媒体公司在7月筹集了20亿美元用于购买比特币和相关资产。

困境企业的“救命稻草”?

对于陷入困境的公司来说,购买加密代币成为吸引投资者注意力和提振股价的有效手段。法国半导体公司Sequans Communications筹集了3.84亿美元用于购买比特币,股价因此一度飙升160%。

大多数新进入者都是此前没有加密货币经验的普通企业,但其数字资产持有量的价值远远超过公司实际盈利。

美国热能公司KULR Technology市值约2.11亿美元,尽管今年前三个月运营亏损940万美元,但持有约1.18亿美元的比特币。英国网站设计公司The Smarter Web Company在截至4月的六个月内净利润仅为9.3万英镑,但由于持有价值2.38亿英镑的比特币,其市值约为5.6亿英镑。

高风险游戏引发系统性担忧

投资者对这些拥有加密货币的公司愿意支付的溢价凸显了他们认为这些公司的价值所在。

对投资者而言,“每股比特币”——即每股公司股份持有多少比特币——成为衡量成功的指标。Off The Chain Capital首席执行官Brian Estes表示:“这归结于速度。目标是增加你的每股比特币,能够最快做到这一点的公司获得了最大的溢价。”

然而,这种快速增长已经让一些投资者担心市场过度饱和。Estes将当前情况比作“1998年的互联网泡沫”,当时公司纷纷重新包装为网络优先企业以吸引注意力。

投资银行Natixis CIB的技术和数据专家Eric Benoist警告说:“风险在于比特币崩盘。”在这种情况下,股价也会下跌,如果公司无法偿付债券持有人,投资者将损失资金,“这可能对比特币生态系统造成系统性影响”。

加密货币做市商Keyrock首席执行官Kevin de Patoul建议投资者对此保持现实态度:“你向一个系统注入了巨大的风险,而这个系统最终几乎没有任何支撑,除了资产的持续升值。”

风险提示及免责条款
市场有风险,投资需谨慎。本文不构成个人投资建议,也未考虑到个别用户特殊的投资目标、财务状况或需要。用户应考虑本文中的任何意见、观点或结论是否符合其特定状况。据此投资,责任自负。

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