特斯拉财报临近:销量滑坡、补贴取消,比特币与AI能否救场?

金十数据Published on 2025-07-30Last updated on 2025-07-30

特斯拉(TSLA.O)将于周三美股盘后公布二季度财报。

根据FactSet的分析师预估,华尔街预计特斯拉第二季度每股收益为约33美分,营收为226.33亿美元,均较去年同期的52美分与255亿美元出现明显下滑。

拖累最直接的因素是销量:本季度特斯拉全球交付约38.4万辆汽车,同比下降13.5%,为近年来罕见的显著回落。

部分分析师指出,除需求走弱外,政策环境变化同样是核心压力来源。特朗普在其税改方案中取消了联邦电动车购车税收抵免,削弱了特斯拉部分车型在美市场的价格优势。

同时,美国国会撤销了加州的排放豁免,而特斯拉长期依赖向其他车企出售零排放积分(ZEV credits)获利。今年第一季度该项收入高达5.95亿美元,但富国银行分析师科林·兰根(Colin Langan)预测,第二季度该收入将“大幅减少”,且三季度可能进一步下滑。

此外,原定于2025年上半年发布的低价车型推迟亮相,亦令市场失望。贝尔德分析师本·卡洛(Ben Kallo)因此下调全年盈利预期,并给予“持有”评级,目标价320美元。他表示,“销量压力可能持续至下半年”。

AI、机器人与比特币:可能的意外之喜

尽管汽车业务承压,特斯拉在AI、机器人与数字资产等新业务上的进展,或为财报带来亮点。

其一是在自动驾驶与机器人方面。特斯拉已于6月在德州奥斯汀启动AI训练下的无人出租车试点,并计划于2026年量产类人机器人。虽然短期对营收贡献有限,但多位分析师认为,若马斯克在财报电话会上释放更多相关细节,将有望提振投资者信心。

Wedbush指出,特斯拉的AI计划是当前投资者关注的重点,特别是公司计划在晚些时候进行的对xAI的潜在投资以及Optimus机器人项目。Wedbush认为,尽管当前季度数据表现“平平无奇”,但特斯拉的自动驾驶技术在未来几年内的价值有望达到1万亿美元。

其二是比特币带来的账面收益。特斯拉持有约1.15万枚比特币,二季度比特币价格强劲反弹,季末收于约10.9万美元。GLJ Research分析师戈登·约翰逊(Gordon Johnson)估算,特斯拉因此录得的账面收益可能高达3亿美元,成为对冲汽车业务疲软的“隐性支撑”。

尽管该收益通常不会在非GAAP财报中体现,市场仍会视其为现金流改善的重要信号。

特斯拉在自动驾驶软件上的递延收入确认也值得关注。类似于SaaS公司,特斯拉将部分软件升级收益延后确认。约翰逊预计,本季度递延收入确认有望达3.5亿美元,高于此前的2.5亿美元。

马斯克的不确定性:政治搅动资本市场

在财报之外,马斯克个人的政治动向与情绪表现依然牵动市场。他近月与特朗普公开冲突,甚至扬言组建新党;上周末更自曝又“睡在公司办公室”。这些戏剧性行为和政治立场令市场担忧其是否会将精力过度投入政治,影响对特斯拉业务的专注与战略执行。

投资者普遍认为,马斯克是特斯拉估值的灵魂人物。FactSet数据显示,特斯拉当前市盈率约为2025年预期盈利的180倍,若其增长故事遭遇动摇,估值极易面临剧烈收缩。

值得注意的是,马斯克旗下的SpaceX在一份交易文件中,首次加入了一项特别的风险因素,提及创始人马斯克可能会重返美国政坛。文件显示,马斯克可能再次担任类似其曾在美国政府中担任的高级顾问职务,并为此投入大量时间和精力。

行情剧烈波动在即?分析师观点分歧

在财报发布前,市场对特斯拉前景分歧明显。

看空机构如瑞银和摩根大通认为其“被高估”,分别给出215美元和全华尔街最低的115美元目标价,警告交付下滑与估值风险。富国银行和GLJ Research也持悲观看法。

看多方如Wedbush则将目标价定为500美元,认为交付表现好于预期,且中国市场销售已出现回暖。加拿大皇家银行与坎托·菲茨杰拉德(Cantor Fitzgerald)也看好低价车型推动销量,目标价分别为319和355美元。

中性机构如贝尔德维持320美元目标价。

政治风险亦被部分分析师提及,马斯克涉政行为及特朗普政策变动可能削弱特斯拉盈利能力。截至目前,18家投行中9家建议“买入”,平均目标价为310美元。

期权市场定价显示,特斯拉财报公布后股价可能波动约7%,略低于过去四次财报发布后的平均波动幅度11%。截至周二收盘,特斯拉年内股价累计下跌约19%,但过去12个月仍上涨约31%。

综合来看,特斯拉本季度在销量和政策层面面临较大挑战,但比特币收益、AI战略与机器人业务的进展为市场提供潜在亮点。最终能否化解市场疑虑,仍取决于马斯克在今晚财报电话会中对新车型、AI研发与资本开支的态度表达。

鉴于市场对马斯克一言一行的高度敏感,本次财报或再度成为一场备受关注的“马斯克秀”。

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363 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

What is $BITCOIN

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