【利好SOL】美国首只 SOL 质押型 ETF 落地!机构合规躺赚时代开启

Foresight NewsPublished on 2025-07-01Last updated on 2025-07-01

Abstract

由谁推出?有哪些服务提供商?如何配置资产和质押?又将怎样影响市场?

撰文:KarenZ,Foresight News

本周,REX Shares 正式确认将于周三(7 月 2 日)推出 Solana 质押型 ETF「REX-Osprey SOL+Staking ETF」,这是美国首个质押型加密货币 ETF。该 ETF 的落地标志着加密货币与传统金融的进一步融合,将质押引入 ETF 投资领域,为投资者提供「资产价格敞口 + 质押收益」的双重价值逻辑。

昨晚消息发布后不久,SOL 价格短时涨逾 6% 逼近 160 美元,目前回落到 153 美元附近。JTO 短时涨逾 8%,一度逼近 2.5 美元。虽 SOL 和 JTO 目前基本抹去全部涨幅,但也凸显市场对该产品的高度关注。

由谁推出?有哪些服务提供商?

「REX-Osprey SOL+Staking ETF」的基金代码为 SSK,由 REX Shares 和 Osprey Funds 联合推出。

REX Shares 是一家专注于另类策略 ETF 和 ETN 的创新型 ETP 提供商,以其 MicroSector 和 T-REX 产品线闻名,为交易者提供杠杆和反向工具,最近还推出了一系列基于期权的收益策略。

Osprey Funds 于 2019 年作为 REX Shares 的加密货币部门成立,并于 2021 年分拆为独立公司。该团队已经推出了 100 多种交易所交易产品,并且早在 2013 年就投资了比特币。

该基金可能通过投资在开曼群岛注册成立的子公司 REX-Osprey (TM) SOL + Staking (Cayman) Portfolio SP ,来间接持有 Solana 的全部或部分份额。该基金全资拥有和控制该子公司,并将合并其与该子公司的投资。

除发行方外,该 ETF 基金的服务提供商包括:

基金投资顾问:REX Advisers, LLC。Matthew Pelletier 担任本基金的投资组合经理,负责本基金的日常投资管理。REX Advisers 曾在法国巴黎银行、美国西部银行和 Susquehanna International Group 担任固定收益销售和交易职位。

Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc. 担任基金管理人,监督基金运作。

美国合众银行(U.S. Bank)提供某些财务管理服务(管理人提供的服务除外)和基金会计服务。

合众银行全国协会(U.S. Bank National Association)担任该基金的 ETF 托管人,负责托管和持有基金的现金以及 ETF 发行的证券和其他非 Solana 资产证券,结算基金的非 Solana 资产交易并收取基金投资的收入。

Anchorage Digital Bank National Association 担任该基金的加密货币托管人,负责保障基金的现金、Solana 持有量和 LST,结算基金的 Solana 资产和 LST 交易并收取质押奖励。

Foreside Fund Services LLC 负责分销,以代理方式分销本基金的增设份额(Creation Units)。

基金策略细节:从资产配置到质押配置

该 ETF 的主要投资策略具体如下:

核心投资目标:基金旨在通过跟踪 Solana 的价格表现并通过链上质押生成收益,为投资者提供 Solana 资产的投资敞口和额外的收益来源。

资产配置:根据在美国证券交易委员会(SEC)备案的文件,该基金将在正常市场条件下,将至少 80% 的净资产投资于 Solana 或可带来 Solana 敞口的资产。本基金也可能投资其他 ETF 份额,包括非美国加密货币 ETF,这些 ETF 提供与 Solana 类似的敞口。

质押策略:该基金将寻求将其持有的 Solana 中至少 50% 的比例进行质押,来产生收入和实现资本增值。具体而言,该基金将指示 Solana 托管机构将基金持有的部分 SOL(由顾问确定)委托给一个或多个验证者。奖励将以 Solana 形式支付,并受锁定期的限制。

基金份额的买卖:基金仅向特定机构投资者(如做市商、经纪商)开放以大额单位(Creation Units ,每单位至少 25,000 份份额)发行或赎回份额。个人份额仅可通过经纪交易商在全国性证券交易所买卖。

税务规则:作为普通 C 类公司征税

根据在 SEC 备案的文件,与大多数 ETF 不同,由于该基金持有数量有限,因此不会作为受监管的投资公司缴纳美国联邦所得税,相反会将作为普通的 C 类公司征税。值得强调的是,C 类公司需要双重征税,公司盈利首先按公司税率纳税,之后股东从公司分得的股息再次按个人所得税率纳税。

一、基金层面

资本利得税:当基金出售或以其他方式处置这些证券时,基金内部累积的证券收益将在基金层面征,收益需按公司税率(联邦 + 州税) 纳税。

消费税(Excise Tax):如果基金在一个纳税年度内的份额赎回总市值超过份额发行总市值 100 万美元,则需缴纳消费税(超出部分的 1%)。

累积收益税(Accumulated Earnings Tax):若基金未将足够利润分配给股东,可能被额外征收 20% 的税款(针对留存收益)。

二、投资者 / 持有者层面

1、分红收入的税务处理

股息税:若分红来自基金当期或累积利润,按股息税率征税。

企业投资者:符合条件者可享受股息抵扣。

个人投资者:满足持有期要求时,可能适用长期资本利得税率(低于普通收入税率)。

2、份额出售或 Creation Units 赎回的税务

资本利得税

持有超 1 年:长期资本利得(税率较低)。

持有≤1 年:短期资本利得(按普通收入税率)。

费用结构

根据注册文件,提及的部分费用标准为:

顾问费用:基金顾问 REX Advisers, LLC 有权收取 0.75% 的年管理费。该费用按基金平均每日净资产的百分比每日计算并按月支付。

基金管理费用:针对基金管理人 Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc.的费用按基金日均净资产计算,每日计提,按月支付。具体费用比例未提及。

财务管理和基金会计费用:针对美国合众银行(U.S. Bank)按基金总净资产的年化比例支付。具体费用比例未提及。

有何影响?

Solana 质押型 ETF 的获批监管机构对加密质押经济的态度从「谨慎观望」转向「有限接纳」。这一突破为市场释放两大信号:

合规框架雏形显现:美 SEC 对质押型产品的放行,意味着加密资产与传统金融工具的融合路径已打通,后续同类产品(如以太坊质押 ETF)的审批有望加速推进。

市场信心提振:机构投资者对合规产品的认可度显著高于非托管加密资产,该 ETF 的落地或吸引养老金、共同基金等长线资金入场。

另外,该 ETF 的推出将进一步夯实 Solana 生态基本面:

SOL 需求结构性提升:基金至少 80% 资产直接配置 SOL,可能会带来巨量买盘。

超 50% 持仓进入链上质押,质押率提升将推高 SOL 的「持有机会成本」。

质押机制与 ETF 的结合,标志着 TradFi 对加密货币经济模型的接纳,可能推动更多主流资金通过合规渠道进入 Solana 质押市场。与此同时,也会对 Solana 生态质押协议形成利好。

质押率的提升将进一步夯实 Solana 去中心化基础。

当然,「REX-Osprey SOL+Staking ETF」文件也提示了有关风险,比如 SOL 投资风险、与 SOL 监管相关的风险、数字资产整体行业的风险、质押风险、流动性风险、集中投资风险、网络安全风险、托管风险等。

值得关注的是,该 ETF 基金管理人 Commonwealth Fund Services 在向美 SEC 备案的文件中同时申请了 REX-OSPREY ETH + STAKING ETF,注册文件中以太坊质押型 ETF 和 Solana 质押型 ETF 的投资策略类似,市场预期 Solana 质押型 ETF 的落地或为以太坊质押型 ETF 铺平道路。

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