俄乌局势持续升温:如何影响加密货币市场

金色财经Published on 2022-02-27Last updated on 2022-02-28

Abstract

作为整个金融市场中的一环,加密货币不可避免的受到影响。接下来,我们就梳理一下俄乌冲突将从哪些方面影响加密货币市场。

俄乌局势继续升温,牵动市场。

作为整个金融市场中的一环,加密货币不可避免的受到影响。接下来,我们就梳理一下俄乌冲突将从哪些方面影响加密货币市场。

加密货币价格迎来反转日

随着俄罗斯总统普京决定在乌克兰东部开展军事行动,全球股市与加密货币迎来黑色星期四。

2月24日,根据Coingecko数据,BTC最低跌至34740美元/枚,为2021年7月以来首次跌破35000美元。其他加密货币价格也普遍随之下跌。加密货币整体市值大幅缩水。

不过,这一情况在25日得到了反转。最近24h,比特币涨幅超过10%,一度突破39000美元。ETH 24h涨幅超过12%,达到2629美元。

随着俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的紧张局势加剧,乌克兰加密货币交易所Kuna上的USDT价格上涨了近 5%。

另外值得关注的是,根据CoinGecko的数据,截至周五,乌克兰加密交易所Kuna的交易量增加了两倍多。周四上午,Kuna 24小时交易量约150万美元,目前略低于500万美元。比特币目前在乌克兰交易所以7%的溢价交易,这表明自袭击以来,当地需求超过了可用供应。截至今日上午约12:30,比特币在乌克兰交易所的交易价格为41,554美元,比全球38,733美元高出2,821美元。

此前不久,乌克兰议会已经通过法律将加密货币合法化。

“数字黄金”受质疑

此前很多投资者将比特币视为一种避险资产,将其作为对冲全球经济不确定性和价格上涨的工具。俄乌冲突期间,比特币的大幅跳水也使得其“数字黄金”的称号收到质疑。

巴菲特反对在战争期间用股票换取现金、黄金和比特币,因为他认为投资公司是随着时间的推移积累财富最简单方法之一。

US Global Investors首席执行官Frank Holmes认为,黄金是在这种高度紧张的环境下的最佳资产。 Holmes在接受Kitco News采访时表示,黄金在战争和政治紧张时期是一种安全的避险资产,这是有历史依据的。他指出,市场不应把黄金2021年的糟糕表现当作回避该资产的理由。 Holmes承认,尽管比特币正在成为一个重要的替代品,但考虑到它仍然是一个“年轻”的资产类别,这种资产还需要更多时间来证明自己的价值。 然而,Holmes认为,一旦比特币克服了监管等数个障碍,它将取代黄金,成为人们的避险天堂。

加密市场分析公司CryptoQuant首席执行官Ki Young Ju认为,只要像MicroStrategy这样的机构继续持有比特币,该资产的“数字黄金”叙述就会继续适用。

比特币算力保持稳定

据btc123.fans数据显示,当前比特币全网算力195.38 EH/s,最近24h仅下降1.77%,算力保持平稳状态。此前数据显示,截至去年8月,俄罗斯拥有着比特币全网近13.6%的算力。

另外,据Bitnodes数据,俄罗斯全境有165个节点在工作,在乌克兰仍有46个节点在运行当中。

芯片危机

疫情之下,芯片半导体供应链本就脆弱,俄乌冲突之下,这种情况怕是雪上加霜。

氖气,是大部分主流光刻机光源不可或缺的原料之一。乌克兰正是全球最大的氖气出口国,其出口的氖气约占全球市场的70%。面对供应中断风险,三星、SK海力士、英特尔等厂商均表示,受益于多元化材料来源,其芯片生产暂未受到影响。而全球最大芯片代工厂台积电拒绝在“此时”置评。作为台积电、三星电子、英特尔等芯片制造商的关键荷兰供应商-光刻机巨头阿斯麦(ASML)已经表示在寻找“备胎”。

不过,多数分析认为,俄乌局势对芯片生产的影响将在长期显现。随着半导体需求上升,未来几年内全球半导体材料需求或将持续上涨。对于仰赖全球各国合作的半导体产业来说,任何地方发生冲突都无异于牵一发而动全身,类似的供应危机恐怕在未来只会不断上演。

这些公司中,英特尔正在研发Asic比特币矿机,此前矿机生产商比特大陆、神马分别与台积电、三星形成了战略合作。这也意味着,潜在的芯片危机势必会影响到矿机的研发生产。

各方行动:比特币援助、DAO、限制挖矿齐上阵

俄乌冲突中,加密货币也代表了一种力量。

2 月 25 日,加密交易平台 FTX 首席执行官 SBF 在社交媒体表示,已为 FTX 平台的乌克兰用户发放 25 美元。在此前一天,SBF 表示,没人能预测未来,但我们可以为这世界做点好事。

发展了十余年,加密货币捐赠越来越成为潮流。

根据Blockchain.com的数据,一家声称支持乌克兰军方的慈善组织列出的比特币钱包已收到超过 109枚比特币,价值约419.5万美元。筹集资金的组织名为“Come Back Alive”,目前该地址拥有105枚BTC,约合403.9万美元。数据显示,相关地址至少自 2021 年 8 月以来一直处于活跃状态,但绝大多数发生在 2 月,其中许多是在过去 48 小时内发生的。

2021年去中心化自治组织(DAO)迎来了突破性的一年,它从一种加密术语变成了主流意识,各种形形色色的 DAO 数量和筹集的资金数量激增。如今DAO也出现在俄乌冲突中代表了一方力量

政治活动家、朋克摇滚乐队Pussy Riot创始成员Nadezhda Tolokonnikova宣布,与Trippy Labs以及PleasrDAO的成员推出Ukraine DAO。 Pussy Riot发推称,“我们的目标是筹集资金,向乌克兰民间组织捐款,帮助那些遭受普京在乌克兰发动的战争之苦的人。我们将购买一辆带有乌克兰国旗的NFT。" 根据Tolokonnikova的说法,这次Drop将包括在以太坊上铸造的10000个乌克兰国旗NFT,所有收入都将捐给Return Alive Foundation 和非政府组织Proliska。此外,还将发布一个独特的国旗NFT,以允许更大的贡献者参与。

另外值得关注的是,以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin公开就近期乌克兰军事行动中支持乌克兰方后,以太坊社区也做出反应。据悉FlexPool已经宣布将阻止来自俄罗斯IP的人参与ETH开采并为此举“向俄罗斯ETH矿工表示道歉”,当前FlexPool拥有超过5%的以太坊全网算力,在所有ETH矿池中排名第四。

战争期间,欧盟对加密货币的关注也没有停止。

2月24日消息,欧盟 (EU) 立法者正在准备就管理加密资产的拟议法规进行机构间讨论,并可能会禁止比特币等能源密集型加密货币。根据一份草案,待讨论的加密资产市场(MiCA) 监管方案包括一项可能限制在联盟 27 个成员国中使用称为工作量证明(PoW) 的共识机制的条款。

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