Project 11 предлагает 1 BTC за взлом биткоин-ключа с помощью квантового компьютера

investing.ruPublished on 2025-04-17Last updated on 2025-04-17

GetBlock Magazine - Что произошло? Исследовательская фирма Project Eleven запустила конкурс под названием Q-Day Prize с целью выяснить, какую угрозу квантовые вычисления представляют для блокчейна биткоина в настоящее время, и найти квантово-устойчивые решения для его защиты в долгосрочной перспективе. Компания предложила награду в размере 1 BTC тому, кто в течение следующего года взломает самый большой фрагмент ключа биткоина с помощью квантового компьютера.

Источник: X.com

Что еще известно? Перед участниками конкурса стоит задача по взлому максимально возможного числа битов биткоин-ключа на основе эллиптических кривых (Elliptic Curve Cryptography, ECC) с помощью запуска алгоритма Шора на квантовом компьютере.

ECC используется в Bitcoin и ряде других блокчейнов для генерации пар открытых и закрытых ключей, а также для подписания транзакций. Своей инициативой Project Eleven стремится доказать или опровергнуть, что метод может масштабироваться для взлома полного 256-битного ключа биткоина, как только будут доступны необходимые вычислительные мощности.

В компании отметили, что более 10 миллионов биткоин-адресов имеют открытые ключи, однако, несмотря на развитие квантовых вычислений, никто пока не проводил полноценное исследование данной угрозы.

Так, если квантовые компьютеры станут достаточно мощными для взлома ECC-ключей, в опасности могут оказаться более 6 млн BTC, чья стоимость по актуальному курсу превышает 508 млрд долларов.

Команда Project Eleven подчеркивает, что пока ни один ключ ECC, используемый в реальных приложениях, еще не был взломан, и победитель может «войти в историю криптографии».

Доступ к квантовым вычислениям предлагают несколько онлайн-платформ, например Amazon (NASDAQ:AMZN) Web Services и IBM (NYSE:IBM). По текущим оценкам, для взлома 256-битного ключа ECC достаточно около 2000 логических кубитов (с коррекцией ошибок), отметили в Project Eleven.

Чипы Heron от IBM и Willow от Google (NASDAQ:GOOGL) на данный момент могут работать со 156 и 105 кубитами соответственно. По мнению Project Eleven, это достаточно значительные показатели, чтобы вызывать беспокойство. Компания считает, что квантовая система на 2000 кубитов может быть создана в ближайшие десять лет.

Участники Q-Day Prize могут зарегистрироваться как отдельные лица или команды и выполнить задание до 5 апреля 2026 года.

В марте шифропанк Джеймсон Лопп заявил, что вопрос о том, насколько отрасль должна быть обеспокоена квантовыми вычислениями, в настоящее время «не имеет ответа». «Я думаю, что это далеко не кризис, но, учитывая сложность изменения Bitcoin, стоит начать серьезно обсуждать это», — сказал Лопп.

В феврале гендиректор Tether Паоло Ардоино сказал, что опасения вполне обоснованы, но, по его мнению, квантово-устойчивые адреса Bitcoin будут реализованы задолго до возникновения какой-либо «серьезной угрозы».

Читайте оригинальную статью на сайте GetBlock Magazine

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