从暴富到亏损,关于「四年周期」的深刻反思

区块律动Published on 2025-04-03Last updated on 2025-04-03

Abstract

在这个游戏中,唯一能让你赢的办法,就是在场内时尽可能赚得最多,在场外时尽可能减少错失的收益。但说起来容易,做起来难。

原文标题:How We Lose Again and Again

原文作者:@hmalviya9,@dyorcryptoapp 创始人

原文编译:zhouzhou,BlockBeats

编者按:作者回顾自己在加密市场的经历,从 2017 年的兴奋到 2018 年的崩盘,再到 NFT 和代理人(agents)等新热点的轮回。他指出,市场周期不断制造狂热与幻觉,让投资者误以为掌握了规律,最终仍逃不过亏损。情绪驱使人们重复同样的错误,而市场总是逆着预期运行。唯一的生存之道,是在上涨时尽可能获利,在下跌时减少损失,但这比想象中更难。市场不会改变,真正的挑战在于如何控制自己的情绪和决策。

以下为原文内容(为便于阅读理解,原内容有所整编):

我们一次又一次地错过,当我在 2017 年初真正理解比特币的潜力时,那感觉就像是在数字时代发现了火。这不仅仅是一种资产,而是一场范式转变,一项能够重新定义金钱本质的技术。

一个去中心化的系统,不受政府和央行的左右,为任何愿意参与的人提供金融主权。这不仅仅是一种投资,而是一场革命。我希望身边的每个人都能看到我所看到的。

我精心准备了一条长消息,发给了 100 位朋友,建议他们购买比特币,并分享了一项可能帮助他们增长比特币持有量的咨询服务。当时,我在另类投资上取得了一些早期成功,所以我认为,至少帮大家在几个月内让比特币持仓翻倍应该是件轻松的事。然而,我对市场的理解还处于初级阶段,并没有完全意识到,在这样一个仍然年轻的市场中,叙事和情绪是如何影响价格走势的。

我基于当时有限的数据构建了对市场的认知。2015-2017 年间推出的大多数山寨币都没有太长的交易历史。它们的价格图表看起来像是永恒的上升趋势,偶尔的小幅回调更像是下一轮上涨前的短暂停顿。

这种模式令人陶醉——买入、持有、等待,然后看着资产增长。我逐渐形成了一种观念,认为加密市场仿佛被「设计」成永远上涨。波动性并没有吓到我,我只是把它当作市场运行的正常部分。

理论上,我以为挺过这些回调应该很容易。但 2017 年第二季度的第一次大幅回调彻底打破了这个幻想。市场不仅仅是调整,而是彻底崩盘。第一季度的热门币种几乎全部创新低,跌幅高达 70%-80%。脚下的地板仿佛瞬间消失了。

看着投资组合一天比一天缩水,最初的兴奋变成了恐慌,乐观变成了怀疑。但我依然坚持,确信这只是下一轮上涨前的一个阶段。然而,结果并不是比特币持仓翻倍,而是缩水了 70%-80%,我又回到了原点。

不确定性开始堆积,比特币从 1 万美元飙升到 2 万美元,而山寨币却迟迟无法恢复。市场情绪极其混乱——一天前它还是「未来的货币」,转眼间,媒体铺天盖地地宣称它「已经死亡」。中国的禁令、监管打压、黑客攻击,每一条负面新闻都在市场上掀起冲击波。我最初的信念开始动摇——我们真的是站在金融革命的边缘,还是这只是一场注定破裂的投机泡沫?

然后,2018 年 1 月到来了,这个月彻底改变了我对市场的看法。山寨币不只是恢复,而是彻底爆发。TRX 在几周内涨了 100 倍。许多曾被遗忘的项目疯狂反弹,有的涨了 10 倍,有的甚至更夸张。市场陷入极度亢奋,每个人都觉得自己是天才。

过去几个月的焦虑,在一根绿色大阳线中瞬间消散。就这样,我的认知又被重塑了——或许这就是市场的运作方式?即使经历毁灭性的回调,它总会以更强的姿态归来。

正是这种信念,给我们制造了一层错觉。我们都说服自己,这就是新常态,每一次下跌都只是下一轮暴涨的铺垫。我们等待着那个绿色的月份再次到来,相信耐心终会得到回报。但它始终没有出现。市场持续下跌,而曾经令人兴奋的游戏,逐渐变成了漫长而痛苦的自我认知——我们被自己的期待困住了。周期再次戏弄了我们。

每个周期都会带来极端的狂热,而在上一个周期,这种情况在 NFT 市场再次上演。我们看到三个明显的一个月周期,某些 NFT 项目在短时间内涨了 100 倍。这感觉就像回到了 2018 年。炒作、信念、「这才刚刚开始」的想法、FOMO——一切都在重复。

当市场在经历两次回调后依然继续上涨时,我们认为:「也许这就是新的市场规律。」所以我们继续 HODL,结果,再一次输得一干二净。我在 NFT 市场赔得很惨,就像之前一样。

人们常说,从过去的错误中学习会让你变得更聪明,但市场总有办法让你遗忘。你的大脑会欺骗自己,相信「这次不一样了」。「我现在懂游戏规则了,不会再犯同样的错误。」但错觉始终存在。你以为自己掌控了一切,以为破解了市场密码,结果只是让自己在游戏中待得更久,而最终,市场总是赢家。时间长了,你可能学会了亏得少一点,但你还是会亏。

然后,历史再次重演。这次是代理人,公募上线瞬间 100 倍,ICO 突然回归,一切都在重演,只是换了一种包装。我们再次相信,这个周期还能再延续几周或几个月。

就在那一刻,我们明知道自己在重复过去的错误,却仍然无法控制自己。你根本无法控制自己的情绪。

也许现在的你正带着情绪化的想法——觉得一切都结束了,接下来只有少数币会继续上涨。但市场总是逆着预期运行,它还会再玩同样的套路。你可能被迫继续留在场内,或者被迫离场,而对于大多数散户来说,这可能是唯一的结局。

在这个游戏中,唯一能让你赢的办法,就是在场内时尽可能赚得最多,在场外时尽可能减少错失的收益。但说起来容易,做起来难。

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