如何理解川普签署的“只存不买”的比特币战略储备?

mediumPublished on 2025-03-07Last updated on 2025-03-07

Abstract

我们要关注的关键主线仍然是正式的联邦储备法案的推进,以及各州比特币储备法案的推进。

作者:Alex Xu

刚刚加密和AI沙皇David Sacks发布推文,表示川普签署了一份行政令,将建立比特币战略储备(a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve),主要内容是:

1.储备以现有的联邦政府控制的BTC为基础,后续罚没的BTC也会进入该储备。

2.这些BTC不会出售(至少是川普在任期间)

3.政府不会另立预算(也就是原文中“预算中性,budget-neutral”的意思)用来购买BTC

4.川普兑现了承诺

推文链接:https://x.com/davidsacks47/status/1897802280738734236

怎么理解以上消息?我认为主要有以下几点:

1.此“比特币战略储备(Strategic Bitcoin Reserve)”,与Cythia Lummis参议员在联邦层面推进的“比特币战略储备(Strategic Federal Reserve)”法案不是一回事。前者可由政府直接控制,后者则需要通过国会立法;前者本身也没有用于购入BTC的单独预算(如要增加需要国会审批),后者则会为购买BTC提供单独的预算,法案的目标是5年买入100万个,预算的来源可能来自于对美国现有黄金储备价值的重估,从而扩张美联储的资产计数,为财政部购买BTC提供预算。David Sacks所说的“政府不会为储备资产收购其他资产”,不意味着大众印象里的比特币战略储备突然变成了一个只靠罚没,不单独花钱购买BTC的东西。

2.以上行政令能说明川普兑现了“承诺”吗?行政层面,是的。因为在行政层面川普能做的有限,竞选时所说的建立BTC战略储备(行政层面)、成立专门的加密顾问会员、解雇\逼退SEC前主席Gensler、放松行业管制,目前基本都做了。但整体层面,承诺尚没有完全兑现,竞选时川普明确说过还要构建联邦战略储备(Strategic Federal Reserve),购买更多BTC,这也是Cythia Lummis参议员在国会推进的法案的内容。

3.川普还会宣布更多关于BTC储备或是其他的利多消息吗?有可能,北京时间明天凌晨举行的白宫加密峰会,他是主讲人。但正如前面所说的,行政层面他对于BTC能做的已经不多,最极端的举措是命令财政部直接动用外汇稳定基金(The Exchange Stabilization Fund)购买BTC,该资金是已有的,无需国会另外审批,基金的运作目标是“稳定美元汇率”。但正如此前我在《关于川普推进SOL XRP ADA国家储备的简要分析》中谈到的,川普的风格是喜欢以小博大,用低成本小手段搞大新闻,真正花大力气、突破大阻力,又没有大回报、只有高风险的事,他不会用心去做。尽管动用外汇稳定基金购买BTC理论上属于他的行政权力,但这个实打实的行动太出格,后续带来的麻烦很多,还可能会干扰Cythia Lummis参议员在国会推进法案(两个动作重叠了)。

4.我们需要注意的是,川普这次上台后的主打的“狂人人设”更加鲜明,对外表现为肆意妄为,希望让外交对手觉得自己是一个什么都敢做、会做的疯子,从而通过压迫获得政治利益;对内则不断通过各种行政动作进行试探,尝试扩大总统权力的边界,包括但不限于通过DOGE大量裁撤和强制政府雇员停工、截留国会批准的政府预算等,他正在切实践行“一元总统路线”,一方面有高度听令于他的内阁班子支持,另一方面去年7月美国最高法院对于总统“因公使行政权力时享有绝对豁免权,不受刑事起诉”的判决,也给了他更大的底气。所以,也不排除后续川普在面临加密民意的大量反弹时,可能改口给出更夸张的利好承诺,但是落地性同样存疑。

5.比特币进入国家财政的大趋势虽然遭受阻滞,但仍在缓慢推进。我们要关注的关键主线仍然是正式的联邦储备法案的推进,以及各州比特币储备法案的推进。详见《2.26 Web3投资备忘,兼谈比特币储备法案关键进展》。

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614 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

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