Эксперты развеяли миф об угрозе Ethereum 3.0 для L2-решений

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2021-12-20Last updated on 2024-11-20

В криптосообществе за последние дни распространились слухи о том, что новый апгрейд Ethereum, известный как Beam Chain или Ethereum 3.0, якобы угрожает существованию решениям 2-го уровня (Layer 2). Однако эта информация не только далека от правды, но и упускает ключевые преимущества, которые принесет обновление. Исследователи блокчейна во главе с Колином Ву, разобрались в том, что представляет собой Beam Chain и как он влияет на экосистему.

Прежде всего, это лишь модернизация текущего консенсусного слоя Ethereum, Beacon Chain. Он не создает отдельную сеть или новую криптовалюту. Данный шаг в рамках уже существующей дорожной карты, направлен на улучшение работы Beacon Chain. Главная цель апдейта — повысить безопасность и масштабируемость сети.

Одной из причин апгрейда стала необходимость решения проблем, связанных с централизацией в процессе построения блоков. Сегодня такие компании, как Flashbots, имеют значительное влияние на порядок транзакций, что увеличивает объем извлекаемого MEV (Maximum Extractable Value). Beam Chain вводит так называемые «списки включения» — обязательные транзакции, которые валидаторы проверяют перед утверждением блока. Это делает процесс более устойчивым к цензуре и вмешательству.

Кроме того, апгрейд снизит минимальный размер стейка с 32 ETH до 1 ETH, что сделает участие в сети доступным для большего числа пользователей. Также Beam Chain добавит поддержку технологий SNARK, которые значительно упростят процесс проверки блоков и подготовят сеть к защите от квантовых атак. Это улучшение усилит как безопасность, так и экономическую логику работы сети Ethereum.

«Слухи о том, что Beam Chain угрожает Layer 2 решениям, не имеют под собой оснований. Напротив, модернизация поддерживает стратегию Ethereum, ориентированную на масштабируемость с помощью 2-го слоя. Технологии SNARK позволят снизить нагрузку на основную сеть, но не заменят функции данного уровня, такие как управление трафиком и обслуживание приложений», — отметили эксперты.

Кроме того, предложенные изменения могут даже улучшить работу Layer 2. К примеру, использование SNARK в основной сети создаст условия для интеграции альтернативных виртуальных машин (alt-VMs). В итоге проекты 2-го уровня смогут не только сохранять свои роли, но и развиваться, предлагая новые функции для экосистемы.

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