美联储主席鲍威尔:政策调整时机已到

marsbitPublished on 2024-08-22Last updated on 2024-08-23

在他于杰克逊霍尔美联储会议上发表讲话后,比特币立即上涨。

  • 正如预期的那样,杰罗姆·鲍威尔表示将在 9 月降息
  • 比特币和传统市场至少在最初大幅上涨
  • 投资者现在将关注首次降息幅度是 25 个还是 50 个基点

经过漫长的等待,在杰罗姆·鲍威尔表示放松货币政策的“时机已经到来”之后,美国央行利率似乎肯定会在 9 月份下调。

鲍威尔在堪萨斯城联储杰克逊霍尔研讨会主旨演讲中表示: “我越来越有信心通胀率将持续回升至 2%。”他接着说:“劳动力市场已从之前的过热状态大幅降温。我们既不寻求也不欢迎劳动力市场状况进一步降温。”

鲍威尔补充道:“现在是政策调整的时候了。前进的方向很明确,降息的时间和速度将取决于后续数据、不断变化的前景以及风险的平衡。”

尽管市场完全预期鲍威尔将在 9 月美联储会议上暗示降息,但他的讲话基调可能比预期的略显鸽派。在鲍威尔讲话发表后的几分钟内,比特币(BTC)上涨逾 1%,至 61,900 美元。

传统市场也出现大幅上涨:纳斯达克指数上涨 1.7%,标准普尔 500 指数上涨 1.2%,黄金上涨 1%。10 年期美国国债收益率下跌 5 个基点至 3.80%,美元指数下跌 0.6%。

在美联储政策利率连续多年接近于零之后,美国央行于 2022 年初开始了一系列长期加息,最终在 2023 年将联邦基金利率上调至 5.25%-5.50% 区间。此后,美联储一直在等待,希望看到通胀率明显放缓至 2% 目标的明确迹象,然后再开始降息。这一天肯定已经到来了。

接下来的问题是美联储是否会在 9 月中旬的会议上将联邦基金利率下调 25 或 50 个基点。市场继续倾向于下调 25 个基点,但根据 CME FedWatch 的数据,下调 50 个基点的可能性已从一天前的 24% 升至目前的 32.5%。从现在到 9 月做出决定之间,还有一些关键的经济报告——其中包括 8 月份的就业和通胀数据——这应该是美联储最终决定的关键。

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