Memecoin太火,AMM主导了Solana上的交易?

币界网Published on 2024-08-14Last updated on 2024-08-14

币界网报道:

作者:Yangz,Techub News

近日,CT 上各大 KOL 就Hasu提出的「为何 Solana 上,交易仍以 AMM(自动做市商) 主导,而非 CLOB(中心化限价订单簿)主导?」这一问题展开讨论。人们疑惑,基于每秒可处理数千笔交易的高效性能链,Solana 上的 DEX 完全可以采取订单簿模式提供低滑点交易,但当前的数据却表明,市场的选择是采用 AMM 机制的 DEX。

根据 @ilemi 创建的Dune 仪表板数据显示,截至撰文,Solana 上 DEX 的交易总量约 4990.8 亿美元。市场份额上,采用 AMM 模式的 Raydium 和 Orca 分别以 41.5% 和 34.5% 的比例占据大部分交易,而采用 CLOB 模式的 Phoenix 和 Lifinity 的占比仅为 5.1% 和 6%。此外,从交易量数据来看,前二者的交易量也是后二者的好几倍。

Memecoin太火,AMM主导了Solana上的交易?

Memecoin太火,AMM主导了Solana上的交易?

对于这一现象,Multicoin 管理合伙人Kyle Samani在 Hasu 的推文下评论称,「长尾资产缺乏订单簿做市商」。考虑到 Solana 生态 memecoin 爆火的现象,Samani的言下之意是,Solana 上采取 AMM 机制的 DEX 的交易量大多来自 memecoin。

然而,对于此类将原因归结于 memecoin 的解释,去中心化交易平台 Ambient Finance 创始人Doug Colkitt反驳道,「大部分人认为『所有 Solana AMM 的交易量都来自长尾资产』,但这些分析大错特错。只要带点脑子和花个 30 秒钟的时间,就能查证清楚。」

Memecoin太火,AMM主导了Solana上的交易?

Colkitt 解释道,在过去的 24 小时里,仅 Orca (AMM) 上,其最大的两个 SOL/USDC 交易对就有 2.5 亿美元的交易量。 相比之下,Phoenix (CLOB) 上两个最大的 SOL/USD 交易对的交易量约为 1400 万美元。此外,其还戏谑道,「可能很多 CLOB 做市商周末不办公」,因此其查看了 Phoenix 上上述交易对的 7d 日均交易量,结果也仅为 1.68 亿美元。

Colkitt 还指出,任何曾经使用过 Jupiter 进行 SOL 和 USDC 交易的交易者都知道,虽然 Phoenix 和 Lifinity 表现不俗,但绝大多数情况下,正常规模的交易都是通过 Orca 或 Raydium 进行的。(注:Kyle Samani 在看到 Colkitt 的上述分析后承认了自己的失误,称自己「不交易 SOL-USD,只质押并持有」。)

Colkitt 总结表示,即使是在像 Solana 这样性能卓越的网络上,像 SOL/USD 这样流动性高、交易量大、对 HFT 做市商有吸引力的货币对上,AMM 仍然极具竞争力,在很大程度上仍是默认的链上交易方式。

那么,既然 memecoin 并非这一现象的导火索,其背后的真正原因是什么?

多数 KOL 将原因归结于 AMM 相较于 CLOB 的优势。基于 Uniswap 的 DeFi 协议 Panoptic 创始人Guillaume Lambert表示,「AMM 首先是为团队 /LP/ 代币发行者提供的产品。没有人愿意管理订单簿,相比之下,LPing 要容易得多。」与 Lambert 类似,前 Spartan Capital 普通合伙人Jason Choi也指出,这是因为「团队 /meme 可以更轻松地通过 AMM 池发行代币。」

此外,Electric Capital 的@sidmvenkat从当前 Solana 生态上资产的属性进行了分析。他表示,「对于规模较大、较为成熟的资产而言,交易者可从 CLOB 模式中获益。一旦资产规模够大,『经验老到』的参与者就有理由开始对其进行做市;而 Solana 上的大部分资产是较新的资产,因此,采用 AMM 机制更容易建立流动性。」

而跨链交易协议 Gasp 的 Peter Kris 更是上升到了行业价值的角度,他认为,CLOB 的问题在于其与 Crypto 价值不符,「CLOB 上的流动性提供集中在少数老道的玩家手中,而 AMM 则是人人皆可为做市商。奖励分配公平,资本(流动性)不掌握在少数人手中。」

此外,一个比较有趣的点是 X 用户@youyouAllen提出的有关 Solana 生态 DEX 的开发「背景」。他指出,「Solana 当时搞订单簿其实主要是爆炸头的意志影响了开发者方向,现在 SBF 进去了,市场回归到真正的用户需求。是市场最终选择了 AMM。」

Memecoin太火,AMM主导了Solana上的交易?

的确,对于这一现象,作为普通投资者的我们或许没有必要深究,所谓的「标准答案」无非是市场的选择罢了。最简单的结论是,就目前的情况而言,AMM 可能比 CLOB 更适合 Solana 生态 DEX。而从更高层面来看,类似 AMM 与 CLOB 之争的讨论,对当前惨淡的 DeFi 生态而言,将大有裨益。Paradigm 研究合伙人 Frankie 评价道 ,「Couple more AMM vs CLOB debates then up only」。

Memecoin太火,AMM主导了Solana上的交易?

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