满手现金,盘点「逃顶大师」巴菲特近20多年来的辉煌战绩

Odaily星球日报Published on 2024-08-05Last updated on 2024-08-05

Abstract

波克夏海瑟威 2024 年 Q2 财报显示,公司现金部位达 2,769 亿美元,创历史新高,分析师认为巴菲特可能对市场前景不乐观,选择持有大量现金。

原文标题:《巴菲特又现神操作!波克夏现金超越以太坊市值,盘点他 20 年辉煌逃顶纪录》

原文作者:James,动区动趋 BlockTempo

巴菲特(Warren Buffett)旗下投资公司波克夏海瑟威(Berkshire Hathaway)上周六发布 2024 年第二季财报显示,该公司 Q2 大砍近 50% 苹果持股,现金部位飙升 2, 769 亿美元,刷新历史新高。

当时有分析师认为,巴菲特大举出售苹果持股,很可能是对股市和经济前景感到不乐观,因此选择满手现金。而如今随著这几天美股、亚洲股市接连的崩盘,社群又再度佩服巴菲特成功逃顶的敏锐度。

有趣的是,波克夏手上的现金,在今晨以太坊一度跌破 2, 100 美元之际,更成功超越以太坊的市值。而且这还只是该公司目前可以动用的现金而已,再度感叹其雄厚的资本实力。

盘点巴菲特近 20 多年来的逃顶战绩

巴菲特常被人称为是逃顶大师,下文就来盘点一下,股神巴菲特在过去 20 年辉煌的逃顶历史。

1999 年科技泡沫:坚持不碰不懂的产业

1999 年,网际网路泡沫达到巅峰,但巴菲特坚守「不赚自己能力范围以外的钱」原则,拒绝投资不熟悉的科技股,尽管受到质疑,他坚持不参与「其他人比我有优势的游戏」,还认为美股市值当时已大幅超过经济成长,道琼工业指数未来 17 年的表现不会比 1964 ~ 1981 年好多少,除非市场下跌。

股市在 1999 年一度不断打脸股神,当标普 500 指数上涨 21% ,那斯达克指数大涨 66% 时,波克夏海瑟威市值下跌近 20% ,创下自 1990 年以来第 2 差表现,巴菲特在该年底还登上《巴伦周刊》封面,一篇标题为《华伦,怎么回事?》的文章写道「 30 多年无敌的投资成功后,巴菲特可能失去他的魔力」。

不过到了 2000 年 3 月,网际网路泡沫终于开始破裂,直至 2001 年全面消退,而巴菲特成功逃顶。

波克夏海瑟威与那斯达克指数在网际网路泡沫期间走势对比。

2008 年金融危机:别人恐惧我贪婪

2008 年爆发全球金融危机,道琼工业指数从顶点到最低点跌了 52% ,无论科技股还是传产股皆全盘大跌,但在市场一片悲观之际,巴菲特在 2008 年 10 月余《纽约时报》发表《Buy American. I AM.》,写出经典名言「别人贪婪我恐惧,别人恐惧我贪婪」。

2008 年 9 ~ 10 月,巴菲特开始抄底,大量买入星座能源、日本汽车厂商 Tungaloy、高盛、比亚迪、通用电器等公司股份,波克夏海瑟威持股的富国银行又以 151 亿美元收购美联银行。

巴菲特抄底之后也套牢了一阵子,高盛股价从 125 美元以上跌至 53 美元,通用电器从 22.15 美元到 14.03 美元,但巴菲特买入的都是每年 10% 固定收益的优先股,除非公司倒闭,否则每年都可坐收获得丰厚利润。

《Buy American. I AM.》发表 5 个月后,美股开始触底反弹,迎来长达 10 年的牛市,巴菲特和波克夏海瑟威再次资产飞跃,仅金融危机期间的投资,就为他赚取超过 100 亿美元的回报。

2020 年疫情:现金为王伺机而动

2020 年新冠肺炎疫情爆发,全球股市暴跌,波克夏海瑟威持有大量现金,伺机而动,在疫情过后,开始大举投资日本股市, 2020 年以来,他向五大商社投资了 1.6 兆日元,截至去年底,已增值至 2.9 兆日元,获利达 80 亿美元。

小结

不过要补充的是,巴菲特这些举措也并非每次都完美预测市场顶部,有时也会错过一些投资机会,但巴菲特逃顶的历史为投资者提供了宝贵的经验。尽管巴菲特至今没有明确表示该逃顶了,但高额的现金储备也显示出他在市场不确定性下的谨慎态度。

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