四年来首度降息、Fed暗示9月松手 为何比特币反而跌跌不休?

币界网Published on 2024-08-02Last updated on 2024-08-02

币界网报道:

美国联准会(Fed)昨(1)日在结束最新一次FOMC 会议后,一如市场预期第八度将联邦基准利率维持在5.25%~5.5% 区间不变,Fed 主席鲍尔也在记者会上松口,市场期待已久的降息已箭在弦上。

英国四年来首次降息

另外,英国央行(BOE)也在昨(1)日稍晚发布最新利率决议,宣布将基准利率降息一码,从5.25% 降至5%,为2020 年新冠疫情爆发以来首次降息。

对此,英国央行总裁Andrew Bailey 表示:

通膨压力已获得足够缓解,我们已经能够降息。

但是我们需要确保通膨保持在较低水平,并且小心不要降息得太快或降幅太大。

比特币一度跌破63,000 美元

我们知道,在比特币、以太坊现货ETF 获美国SEC 批准上市,以及比特币在4 月完成历史上第四次减半后,降息被认为是刺激加密货币市场上涨的又一大利好因素。

然而,在联准会松口降息和英国央行正式启动降息后,比特币不但缺乏上涨动力,反而在昨晚21:00 点后持续下杀,最低来到62,280 美元,撰稿当下有所回弹,现在正力守能站稳6.4 万美元之上。9D3No4A7iwXa8nH9JbkrasmpEQlakorjrZhtxEkt.png

美股在前天上涨之后,昨晚也是大幅下挫。半导体板块尤其惨烈,辉达大跌7%、Arm 更是狂泻15%。

降息后一定会跌?

很多投资者可能感到懊恼,为什么降息预期越来越明确,市场却没有反应,反而转而下跌?下面动区整理历史数据,来向和读者讨论一下,降息是否真的每次都能刺激风险投资市场?

S&P 500 与美国利率比较图

下图是1980 年以来,美股S&P 500 与美国利率的比较图,我们来统计一下联准会初次降息之后股市的变化。

下降:

  • 2020 年的新冠疫情,降息后短时间大跌,但很快反弹

  • 2008 年金融海啸之前降息,随后股市大跌

  • 2000 年的网路泡沫,SP500 指数也是随着利率同步下滑的。

上涨:

  • 1995 年,降息后股市上涨

  • 1989 年,降息后股市微幅上涨

停止升息阶段反而涨势居多

值得注意的是,我们可以发现S&P500 在每一轮周期中,反而是停止升息阶段走势呈现上涨居多,1995 年、2006 年皆上涨近20%、2022 年8 月后持续维持的高利率,也让美股持续创新高;等到真的开始降息之后,反而有较高比例发生下跌。

一个可能原因是预期心理:在停止升息阶段,预期降息心态提前发挥,就像近一年来市场常宣称即将降息。每次你都会看到鲍尔不断说明要以经济数据为准,结果一旦真的降息,市场已经提前反应,反容易利多出尽。

另一方面,联准会启动降息也多次是因为有更严重的经济问题,迫使Fed 放水,这对投资市场而言并不是好消息。

y79SMvnCgNlEM2OV9A8YaFdg1HJWLUPdoUv2r0Wu.png

回到本轮降息周期,虽然这次降息的背景基本是为了回归常态,但也不能排除投资者可能会因潜在的「经济衰退」预期,而抛售资产,因此投资人不能单纯依照疫情后的疯狂行情,就以为降息一定能激励股市(或风险市场)上涨。

市场短期波动大,长期才看涨

因此,虽然以长期来看,历史数据显示降息通常对风险市场是利多,但发酵期间可能会需要数月到几年的时间,之后才能走出上涨行情;短期内的波动很难预测,市场说不定反而会反转下挫。比特币昨晚的下跌可能也是作为一种领先指标率先出现波动,后市如何也将有待观察。

同时,提醒投资者做好风险管控,不要因为联准会真的启动升息就无脑相信市场会一路向上、开杠杆投入资金。

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363 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

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