大厂坚定“烧钱”!大跌之后是暴涨,英伟达波动性已超比特币

币界网Published on 2024-08-01Last updated on 2024-08-01

币界网报道:

本周“AI领头羊”英伟达上演过山车行情,周二还一度重挫7%,而隔夜就飙升近13%,单日市值增加了惊人的3300亿美元,美股科技股也跟随“上蹿下跳”。


目前英伟达波动性甚至已经超过比特币,数据显示英伟达30天期权隐含波动率最近从48%飙升至71%,而比特币DVOL指数(衡量 30天隐含波动率的指标)从68%下降至49%。

极致动荡背后,是成本阴影正笼罩着科技巨头,市场对巨额AI投资的回报担忧日益加剧。

随着科技巨头相继发布财报,业绩纷纷显示AI资本支出如此之高,而收入却没有远超预期,呈相应的规模增长,市场耐心不足了,科技股遭受了一轮重击。

而科技大厂们坚定“烧钱”予以回应,AI投资目前正助力部分业绩增长,更重要的是对于他们而言,AI投资并非仅仅追求增量利润,而是已成为一个生存问题,投资不足的风险远大于投资过度的风险。

坚定地“烧钱”

面对市场的担忧,科技巨头一致表示,将坚定“烧钱”。

隔夜,Meta发布二季度财报,营收和盈利均高于预期,当季资本支出小于预期,全年资本支出的区间上限并未变动但下限上调20亿美元。

同时Meta强调,2025年的资本支出将大幅增长,基础设施成本是重要驱动因素,这将继续支持AI研究和产品开发工作。

无独有偶,微软也坚定地表示继续猛增AI开支,二季度微软资本支出同比大增77.6%至190亿美元,其中几乎全部用于人工智能相关支出,2024财年年度资本支出突破500亿美元大关

微软投资者关系副总裁Brett Iversen表示,未来公司继续加大支出以满足“强劲的客户需求”,预计2025财年资本支出将高于24财年。

AI投资目前正助力业绩增长

对于AI回报的问题,科技巨头在电话会中也给出了详细说明,平息了投资者的部分担忧。

首先来看微软,其重点谈论了AI给Azure带来的增长,微软表示Azure AI云服务客户数量在最近一个季度增长了近60%,平均客户支出也有所上升。

微软还解释Azure放缓一部分原因在于GPU短缺,微软表示由于AI GPU服务器供不应求,其Azure AI服务的产能一直受限,这种情况将持续到今年年底,这清楚地显示了企业客户对AI的强劲需求。

其次,Meta则强调AI是如何助力广告业务增长,扎克伯格在财报电话会议上表示,AI改进了推荐功能,帮助人们找到更好的内容,并使广告体验更加有效,这些产品已经是规模化产品。第二季度Meta广告销售额增长了 22%,是竞争对手谷歌增幅的两倍。

还有分析师提到,AI策略带领Meta从前两年的低谷中重生,分析师表示,Meta利用AI重建了广告技术堆栈,改变了用户界面,带来更多的用户参与度,现在收入和利润中就体现出来了,Meta确实解决了几年前的一些担忧和风暴,并且非常出色地将AI融入了他们的生态系统。

此外,谷歌母公司Alphabet首席执行官皮查伊则提到,公司对每一美元的AI投资都进行了分析,并看到AI投资带来的“巨大动力”。

在此背景下,Alphabet和微软在最近一个季度分别将资本支出提高91%和78%,并承诺在来年保持积极投资,似乎是合理之举。

芯片股继续表现出色

科技巨头坚决地投资AI,势必将进一步加大芯片等硬件支出,给英伟达和其他芯片公司带来利好。

隔夜美股科技股迎来大反弹,英伟达大涨13%,博通大涨12%,阿斯麦ADR涨8.89%,高通收涨超8%。

此前发布的一众财报均显示出,芯片巨头乘AI浪潮加速增长。AMD二季度业绩表现出色,数据中心收入翻倍,AI芯片供不应求,季度收入超10亿大关;台积电二季度业绩也全面开花,销售额、净利润、毛利率均超预期。

台积电首席执行官魏哲家表示,公司到2024年底将把先进芯片封装技术CoWoS的产能提高一倍以上。然而,即便如此,台积电可能要到2025年或2026年才能满足客户实际需求。

AMD首席执行官苏姿丰则将2024年AI数据中心GPU收入预期,从此前的20亿美元上调至45亿美元以上。她还指出尽管下半年产能将有所提升,AI GPU的供应链在2025年前仍将“保持紧张”。

AI投资已成为一个生存问题

更重要的是,对于AI投资回报的担忧可能忽视了一个关键点:

这不仅仅是关于特定AI功能带来的增量收入,而是整个计算平台的重构,堪比20世纪80年代从大型机向个人电脑的转变。在这个新的AI计算时代,每家公司都必须升级基础设施以保持竞争力。
对企业而言,AI投资已成为一个生存问题,而非仅仅追求增量利润。如果竞争对手能够通过AI聊天机器人提供更好的客户服务,或利用AI设计工具更快速、全面地开发产品,那么不进行AI投资的企业将面临严峻挑战。

德意志银行也在分析中指出:

到目前为止,收入主要局限于云业务领域,企业在这一领域训练和运行AI模型。
然而,在云业务之外,投资回报的迹象更多是定性而非定量的,AI投资的回报还难以用具体数字衡量。

这些恰好呼应了科技巨头们此前的表态,宁愿过度投资也不愿投资不足,因为科技行业的竞争落后就意味着“一无所有”。

Meta的CEO马克·扎克伯格在一档播客中指出:为了确保Meta在AI领域保持领先地位,公司已经花费数十亿美元购买英伟达的GPU,以开发和训练先进的AI模型。因为落后的后果是,你在未来10到15年内,都会在最重要的技术上处于不利地位。
谷歌CEO桑达尔·皮查伊也表达了相似的观点:AI成本高,但投资不足的风险更大。谷歌可能在AI基础设施上投资过多,主要包括购买英伟达的GPU。即使AI热潮放缓,公司购买的数据中心和计算机芯片也可以用于其他用途。对我们来说,投资不足的风险远远大于投资过度的风险。


整体来看,最新一轮财报季的业绩为AI热潮提供了支撑,表明AI繁荣不仅未减退,反而可能正在加速。

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