平台接连倒闭、交易量陡然下滑,NFT的故事不好讲了?

币界网Published on 2024-07-26Last updated on 2024-07-26

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本报(chinatimes.net.cn)记者赵奕 上海报道

近日,eBay旗下NFT市场KnownOrigin宣布,由于市场变化,将于8月关闭其链上市场和铸币功能。记者注意到,KnownOrigin的关停只是当前NFT市场的缩影,今年以来,不断有NFT平台宣布关停。

与此同时,NFT市场的交易量也让投资者感到担忧。CryptoSlam的数据显示,由于整体市场交易量下滑,NFT销售额从第一季度的41.4亿美元下降到第二季度的23.2亿美元,为自2023年第三季度以来的最低水平。

“近期NFT项目相继关停,反映了NFT市场仍处于探索和发展阶段,存在一定的不确定性和风险。”萨摩耶云科技集团首席经济学家郑磊向《华夏时报》记者表示,而对于NFT市场的交易量逐渐下滑,是由于市场热度下降、投资者信心不足等多种因素导致的。

多款蓝筹NFT暴跌90%

根据公开资料,KnownOrigin成立于2018年,总部位于英国曼彻斯特,是一家旨在使艺术家和收藏家能够通过区块链支持创建、购买和转售NFT的交易平台,于2022年6月被eBay收购。

今年2月,该平台裁员30%,一度引发市场的担忧。该公司承认行业格局正在发生变化,像OpenSea这样的二级市场正在获得重要地位。即使市场将关闭,但KnownOrigin向用户承诺,现有的NFT将保持完全的功能和可交易性。

记者注意到,近期已有多家NFT平台相继关停。7月16日,NFT项目Trekki宣布将于今年8月1日起正式终止,届时Trekki NFT所有第2阶段功能的开发将终止,包括分红池、质押机制、旅行增长机制、旅行赚钱机制等。同时,与Trekki NFT 项目相关的所有社区运营以及合作活动也将终止。

韩国NFT平台——NAEMO Market此前宣布在6月30日关闭,该平台曾受到了包括SK集团、LG CNS等在内的多个韩国顶级财团的支持。4月18日,币安NFT宣布将停止支持比特币NFT的交易和充值业务。用户将无法购买、充值、出价或上架比特币NFT,并且所有受影响的挂单将自动取消。在此之前,视频游戏零售商 GameStop 决定自2月2日起关闭其NFT平台,原因是加密货币领域监管的持续不确定性。

NFT平台接连关闭的背后,是市场交易量的下滑。

根据The Block的数据,NFT月交易量已跌至2021年和2022年峰值的1/10。以太坊NFT每日交易用户首次跌破4000人,创下2021年6月以来的新低,而在2022年2月,日交易用户曾一度超过8万人。

2023年12月,NFT市场总交易量达到了创纪录的水平。数据显示,比特币网络上的NFT销售额首次超过8.81亿美元,创下了单月销售的新高。这一数字超过了以太坊链上3.65亿美元的销售额和Solana链上3.25亿美元的销售额,整个NFT市场在2023年12月份的交易量达到了约17亿美元。

数据显示,目前已有多款蓝筹NFT距其地板价最高点已跌超90%。据DefiLlama数据,BAYC已距离高点回撤93.33%;MAYC距离高点回撤94.41%;Moonbirds回撤99.07%,此外还有BACK、CloneX、Doodles等也均回撤超90%。

CryptoSlam的数据揭示,由于整体市场交易量下滑,NFT销售额从第一季度的41.4亿美元下降到第二季度的23.2亿美元,为自2023年第三季度以来的最低水平。 其中,6月份的平均销售价值较此前下降了59%,并创下自2021年3月以来的最低NFT交易数量。CryptoSlam数据显示,6月Solana链上NFT销售额约为6850万美元,为2023年11月以来最低点。同期,比特币链上NFT销售额约1.16亿美元,创过去14个月最低水平;以太坊链上NFT销售额仅为约1.39亿美元,创下自2021年1月以来最低水平。

“近期NFT项目关停现象及交易量下滑,是市场优胜劣汰的自然结果,反映出市场对于项目质量的筛选机制正在发挥作用。”中国矿业大学(北京)管理学院硕士生企业导师支培元向《华夏时报》记者表示,投资者应保持审慎态度,关注项目的长期价值和可持续性,而非短期价格波动。从长远来看,NFT市场的未来取决于其在数字资产确权、文化娱乐等领域的实际应用价值以及技术进步的推动。

市场乱象不止

在交易量下滑的同时,NFT市场内的各种乱象却并未停歇。

“目前NFT市场的主要优势在于其创新性和灵活性。NFT为数字艺术和资产提供了一种新的存在方式和交易方式,打破了传统艺术品的物理限制,”郑磊表示,目前的NFT市场确实存在交易透明度、欺诈风险、市场操纵等问题,需要进一步解决和完善。

作为新兴产物,以NFT为外衣的诈骗活动也屡见不鲜。今年6月,美国纽约南区检察署与联邦调查局(FBI)合作,对三名英国公民提起诉讼,指控其涉嫌策划NFT诈骗并非法获利超200万美元,骗局中开发者通过销售NFT或代币筹集资金后突然关闭项目并消失。

类似案例在国内也并不少见。日前,上海市闵行区人民法院对外发布了关于通古平台数字藏品集资诈骗罪集资参与人信息核对公告。经审理查明,被告人张某伙同被告人刘某共同商议以上海文高信息科技有限公司名义实施“数字藏品”骗局。张某通过外包公司开发通古“数字藏品”网络平台,将购买或网络下载的图片包装为“数字藏品”并上架、发行。

据悉,一个月内,该平台对外售出近3万份藏品。其后陈某开放二级市场交易,并通过操控账户、雇佣水军等方式虚增交易价格、炒作市场热度从而归集资金。其间,陈某从平台套现90余万元。2022年10月至11月,陈某停止服务器续费,关闭平台,用户无法提现和查看“数字藏品”。

“NFT市场的创新性和去中心化特点为其带来了独特优势,但同时也暴露出版权保护、市场规范等问题。未来,应通过技术创新和法律手段加强市场监管,提高市场的透明度和规范性,为市场健康发展提供保障。”支培元如是说。

“NFT市场仍处于初级阶段,存在信息不对称、欺诈等诸多问题。”康德智库专家、上海市光明律师事务所律师陈铁娇向《华夏时报》记者表示,目前的NFT市场监管政策尚不完善,存在监管空白和漏洞。

此外,价格的暴涨暴跌一直让NFT产品被诟病。日前,在针对美国前总统的暗杀未遂之后,NFT市场Magic Eden数据显示,Polygon链上原版特朗普数字交易卡收藏品地板价瞬间上涨至502美元,创历史新高,随后又跌落至410美元。

“NFT产品的价值是一个复杂的问题,涉及艺术、技术、数字版权等多个方面。尽管NFT产品的价格暴涨暴跌是一个常态,但这并不意味着它们没有价值。”郑磊表示,投资者在投资NFT产品时,需要认识到这种投资的高风险性,并做好风险管理。同时,政府和行业也需要加强对NFT市场的监管,以保护投资者利益。

“NFT市场的未来发展趋势值得深入探讨,”支培元表示,技术进步和应用场景的拓展将为市场带来新的机遇,如虚拟现实、游戏等领域。然而,监管政策和市场竞争也将成为影响市场发展的重要因素。

“NFT产品的价值评估需综合考虑其独特性、稀缺性和实用性。”支培元也提醒,投资者在参与NFT市场时,应充分认识到价格波动的风险,关注其艺术价值、社区价值等内在因素。同时,投资者应建立完善的风险管理体系,通过多元化投资和资产配置来规避风险。

责任编辑:徐芸茜 主编:公培佳

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