比特币、黄金双双暴涨背后的逻辑:美联储9月大概率降息催动全球资本流动出现分歧,后市走势如何?

币界网Published on 2024-07-17Last updated on 2024-07-17

币界网报道:


本报(chinatimes.net.cn)记者胡金华 上海报道

黄金是避险资产,以比特币为代表的加密货币是典型的高风险资产,然而在美联储9月降息概率上升至百分百,以及2025美国大选的双重利好之下,避险资产和风险资产双双上涨,显示了全球资本投资逻辑出现了新的分歧。

“美国当地时间7月13日特朗普在竞选集会上发生的枪击事件,使得其胜选概率上涨,而特朗普对加密资产的‘友好’态度让比特币等风险资产受到青睐,尤其是共和党在最新的竞选纲领中提及,若特朗普上台后将结束对加密货币的打压,大大提振了加密货币市场信心;与此同时,美联储主席鲍威尔在国会两场听证会上释放的鸽派信号,又让市场对于9月降息成了板上钉钉的事件,导致国际黄金价格再创新高。无论是美联储降息还是特朗普重登总统宝座,都将对全球资本的流向产生非常重大的影响。”香港一家国际投行全球资本分析师梁博对《华夏时报》记者分析表示。

而在更多业内人士看来,比特币等加密资产“重拾升势”对于国内投资者而言影响不大,但是国际金价大涨传导至国内实物金价也跟着大涨,此时要不要跟买?

比特币上涨背后

7月的加密数字货币市场可谓风起云涌。7月8日,德国政府抛售5万枚比特币获得超过30亿美元的收益,使其价格跌至5.3万美元区间;7月13日的特朗普遭枪击事件,直接让比特币当日价格大涨超过10%,截至7月17日,比特币现货价格已经突破6.55万美元/枚。

据Lookonchain监测数据显示,从6月19日起,德国政府持有的所有50179 枚比特币(约合33亿美元)将多笔大额比特币频繁转移至Coinbase、Kraken、Bitstamp等交易所和做市商手中出售,这成为6月比特币跌跌不休的主因之一。

“特朗普大选支持率上升,让比特币等风险资产受到青睐,这也是交易员口中的‘特朗普交易’。而特朗普对加密货币的支持态度,正是比特币这波上涨的关键影响因素。尤其是美国共和党在近期发布了《2024年共和党让美国再次伟大的政纲》,里面提到共和党人将结束民主党对加密货币的打压,并捍卫开采比特币的权利,确保美国人都有权自我保管其数字资产,并在不受监视和控制的情况下进行交易。这意味着特朗普一旦上台,将会选择拥抱加密货币。对于近些年受到拜登政府严格监管的加密货币,这就是重大利好。”7月16日,MarketVector数字资产研究和策略总监Martin Leinweber受访时指出。

而在上海觉上金融资讯公司负责人王恒看来,特朗普若当选,美国对加密货币的态度将发生180度大转弯。

“现在的拜登政府,对比特币等加密货币的行业监管非常严格,甚至一直处于打压状态。过去两年,美国SEC已经相继对FTX、Coindesk等加密货币交易平台发起诉讼并开出超过50亿美元罚款。而且SEC还公开反对美国国会为加密资产制定相应法规,并声称绝大多数加密代币发行商处于不受监管的状态,违反了联邦证券法。如今,特朗普当选的概率提升,更加亲近加密货币的他自然更受币圈欢迎。”王恒分析称。

而在海外市场,一众机构对于加密资产的乐观情绪高涨。7月16日,加密货币投资公司Paradigm的首席法务官Katie Biber甚至表示,加密货币进入了共和党的纲领,已经是历史性突破。

“特朗普选择向币圈示好,是竞选的需求。随着11月美国总统大选的临近,特朗普可能把加密货币当作争取年轻选民和金融科技创新拥护者选票的重要手段。特朗普已经改变了对加密货币的立场,他在之前任期内曾抨击过加密货币,如今又开始拥抱这一行业。特朗普在6月份在海湖庄园会见了加密货币行业的人士,呼吁他们把比特币挖矿活动都留在美国境内,并声称这将有助于美国在能源领域占据主导地位。而且特朗普的竞选团队早在5月份就开始接受比特币作为竞选捐赠。”Leinweber表示。

如果说海外加密市场普涨是新生代投资者对于美国大选提前进行“押宝”,那么黄金市场大涨则意味着传统投资巨头甚至包括各国央行也在为美联储加息而布局无风险资产锁定稳健收益。

黄金会涨至何方?

可以肯定的是,从全球资本投资的流向看,投资比特币和购买黄金的投资者虽然有可能重叠,但绝对不会是同一类人。

7 月 17 日,国际COMEX金价大幅上涨并再创历史新高。在美股收盘后不久,现货黄金价格一路飙升,突破了5月底所创下的高点2450美元,达到了2487.4美元的新高。

“此轮黄金价格大涨的主要驱动力来自美联储的鸽派信号,以及政治不确定因素的抬升。美国数据的疲软表现和美联储的鸽派预期有力地支撑了金价走高。同时,美国政治的不确定性以及全球不断上升的地缘政治风险,如欧债危机、中东地缘政治冲突等,进一步增强了对贵金属的避险需求,促使全球各国央行对黄金的需求连续多年呈现飙升态势。”广开首席产业研究院副院长刘涛分析称。

值得一提的是,据芝商所美联储观察工具显示,交易员们普遍预计美联储9月份降息的可能性为百分之百,其中降息25个基点至5.00%—5.25%区间的概率高达93.3%,降息幅度达50个基点的可能性则为6.7%。

“我认为这是黄金真正令人兴奋的时刻,真正推动黄金上涨的是,许多市场资金真的从美联储释放的减息信号中获得了信心和安慰。黄金价格往往与利率呈反比关系,随着利率下降,与债券等固定收益资产相比,黄金变得更具吸引力。在低利率环境下,债券的回报率较低。自2月中旬以来,一系列利好因素已推动金价上涨了约14%。主要央行放宽货币政策的前景,以及中东和乌克兰紧张局势的加剧,都支撑了金价的涨势。”7月17日,世界黄金协会市场策略师约瑟夫‧卡瓦托尼(Joseph Cavaton)在回复《华夏时报》记者邮件采访时称。

而投资管理公司Gabelli Funds的投资组合经理凯撒‧布莱恩(Caesar Bryan)在此前特别针对中国黄金市场的表现发表评论称,海外需求推动了金价上涨。在中国,由于房地产行业低迷,私人投资者被黄金所吸引。就连桥水基金创始人达利欧也表示,即使黄金处于创纪录高位,仍然具有吸引力,它是一种有效的分散投资工具。

“在经济数据疲软和美联储降息预期的推动下,黄金人气大涨。市场目前已成功突破心理关口2400美元,且多数投资者持有的黄金仓位有限,仍存在追加投资的空间,因此黄金价格仍有进一步上涨的潜力。”瑞银策略师Joni Teves也在最新发布的一份报告中展望。

中银香港发布《2024年市场展望与投资策略(7月)》中指出,中长期来看,黄金易涨难跌,作为避险资产和央行购金的逻辑并未改变。美国赤字率的提升以及风险事件的扰动可能会继续支撑其它央行买入黄金的需求,且当下SPDR黄金(全球最大黄金ETF基金)持仓量并不高,若后续实际利率回落,其或为重要的边际定价因子。

上述这些权威机构研报无不支撑未来黄金价格或将涨到一个不好预测的点位。

责任编辑:徐芸茜 主编:公培佳

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