减半已完成!比特币的“史诗级”行情还来吗?

jin10Published on 2024-04-22Last updated on 2024-04-22

北京时间4月20日上午,比特币完成史上第四次减半,每个区块获得的比特币奖励从6.25枚减半至3.12枚,导致每日新比特币供应量从900枚左右减少到450枚左右。

根据比特币代码的规定,减半大约每四年左右出现一次,旨在减缓比特币的发行,从而产生稀缺效应,并使其保持数字黄金般的品质。

鉴于此前减半后比特币价格均录得大幅上涨并屡创新高,此次减半发生前也带来了不少投机交易,有交易员预期会再次出现史诗级行情,也有分析师预言会出现“买预期卖事实”的行情走势。

然而,包括摩根大通和德意志银行分析师在内的市场观察人士预计,减半几乎已被市场消化。摩根大通表示,预计比特币将出现一些下行趋势,德意志银行则“预计价格不会大幅上涨”。总部位于新加坡、面向机构投资者的数字资产交易所AsiaNext的首席执行官Kok Kee Chong表示:

“正如预期的那样,减半已完全反映在价格中,因此价格波动有限……现在,该行业将不得不等待,看看未来几周是否会在机构持续表现出兴趣的情况下反弹。”

当然,比特币减半也可能几个月后才会发挥更大的影响,但从此前三次减半后的价格走势来看,从减半日到周期价格顶部的涨幅在逐渐缩小。第一次减半后,比特币带来的最高区间回报率超过90倍,第二次减半缩小到30倍,第三次则只有8倍。

比特币减半后区间最高收益率比较

CryptoQuant的数据显示,虽然比特币的价格在减半发生后几乎没有变化,但网络上的平均交易费用跃升了730%以上,达到250美元,但很快又降至164美元。

减半后比特币交易费用飙升
值得注意的是,比特币减半带来的稀释效应也在逐渐减弱。根据彭博社汇编的数据,第一次减半后的周期中开采的比特币数量占了减半生效时比特币流通量的50%,而下一个周期的新增供应量将仅占3.3%。也就是说,比特币的稀缺性并不会因为此次减半而变得特别明显。

Parataxis Capital联合创始人Edward Chin表示,短期内对比特币的看涨可能会受到宏观经济影响,例如美联储暂停释放降息信号以及中东冲突等。Chin表示:

“在宏观形势明朗之前,价格可能会在下个季度出现一些下跌……在此期间,价格的主要驱动因素可能仍然是ETF资金流。”

其实,减半的主要影响预计将针对比特币挖矿公司,而不是加密货币的实际价格。减半预计将导致矿工的收入每年减少数十亿美元,但如果加密货币的价格继续上涨,影响将会减轻。

比特币挖矿是一个能源密集型过程,矿工使用专用计算机来验证区块链上的交易。 Marathon Digital Holdings Inc.和Riot Platforms Inc.等大型矿商已花费数十亿美元购买能源、采矿设备和建设数据中心。

摩根大通预计该行业将进行整合,上市公司将获得市场份额。摩根大通分析师在上周的一份报告中写道:

“上市的比特币矿商处于有利地位,可以利用新环境,这主要是因为他们能获得更多资金,特别是通过股权融资……这有助于他们扩大运营规模并投资更高效的设备。”

下一次减半将发生在2028年,矿工奖励将从3.125BTC减少到1.5625BTC。2140年左右,比特币总量将达到2100万上限,在那之前预计还将有64次比特币减半。

届时,比特币矿工将不得不依赖交易费,这是他们除了挖矿奖励之外的另一个收入来源。随着奖励持续减少,交易费用的上涨可能会帮助一些矿工维持运营,但这些费用目前仅占矿工总收入的一小部分。

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