谈「算稳」色变?Ethena的出现会给加密世界带来什么

Odaily星球日报Published on 2024-04-01Last updated on 2024-04-01

Abstract

人人怕稳定币合成资产,人人又盼稳定币合成资产。

原文作者:Haotian(X:@tmel0211

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融资 2000 万美元上线币安,一文了解 Ethena 业务与代币合理价格

如何看待币安 launchpool 新上线的以太坊稳定币合成美元项目 @ethena_labs?就数据而言,上线 3 个月已经累积了超 15 亿美元资产,市场预期异常火爆。不过,在 Luna 暴雷事件之后谈「算稳」色变的今天,Ethena 的出现会给 Crypto 世界带来什么?我来简述几点个人看法:

1)任何一个创新范式的链上稳定币合成资产项目都有一个基本价值:降低了用户对传统法定货币银行体系的依赖,因为传统金融体系并不能支撑用户快速高效在美元和加密货币之间做转换。

BitMEX 创始人 Arthur Hayes 曾在一篇题为《Dust On Crust》的文章中深刻阐述了这个事实:当越来越多加密资产脱离和法定货币交换,相当于和银行系统抢食市场蛋糕,故而银行系统并不愿意为加密资产提供服务,一些愿意服务的银行也只是为了博取短期高额利益,这多少会给加密市场带来反噬压力。

最优解,Crypto 市场需要一种不依赖传统银行金融体系的合成美元系统,恰如中本聪发明比特币的初心一样。

2)那么,Ethena 是如何实现剥离传统银行体系的呢?具体而言,Ethena labs 以 ETH 作为底层资产标的,当用户向该协议注入一定数量 stETH 资产,平台会 Mint 对应价值 USDe 稳定币资产,为了确保该 USDe 价值始终稳定在 1 美元左右,该平台引入了一个特殊机制:采用了 Arthur 文章中提及的将加密货币和等量期货空头永续合约头寸对冲起来的方式。

当 ETH 价格上升时,平台持有的 ETH 价格增值,但其反向的永续合约会造成损失,反之,当 ETH 价格下跌时,持有的 ETH 会造成损失,但其反向永续合约却会带来收益。没错,这和我们平时个人用户习惯的套保 Hedging 理念差不多一致。

3)作为一个稳定币发行平台,该如何持续获益并对冲相应风险呢?

1、Ethna 为避免 stETH 存入 CEX 存在不可控的黑天鹅暴雷风险(FTX 交易所),因此直接存入了 Cobo、 CEFFU 等托管平台来巨大流动性失控风险;

2、持有用户存入的大量 stETH。平台可以将其存入以太坊 POS 共识系统中获取稳定的 3-4% APY 收益;

3、平台在衍生品平台进行合约头寸交易产生的资金费率和价差等潜在收益(APY 27% 左右);

4、平台的精英交易员若能对市场大盘稳定币的供需和市场价格做出高概率精准预判,也能实现在尽可能增大收益的同时也能持续增加稳定币的供应量:比如,当平台判断市场稳定币供应增多,可卖出加密资产,并做多市场,相反则不断新增加密资产,并做空市场,当然,长期来看,平台定然会以增加稳定币供应量为目的。而过程中的适时转变策略就是增大收益的「空间」。

4)上述所说的 4 点收益因素只能相对而言降低风险,一些潜在风险其实客观存在,比如:

1、质押到 POS Validators 存在的安全性和稳定性风险(Slash);

2、交易员策略失误在 CEX 开永续合约头寸的损失风险,以及判断错误稳定币供应量需求趋势,做多赚钱但是稳定币供应量业务却停滞不前的风险;

3、合约交易资金费率的风险;

4、采用 stETH 万一存在价格抛锚的潜在清算风险等等(概率较低)。

总之,Ethena 的存在哲学有 Crypto 世界对稳定币的强需求做基础保障,因此作为一个新发行的稳定币资产定然会受到市场的热捧,这段时间的 TVL 增长和币安 launchpool 活动预期等都已经验证:人人怕稳定币合成资产,人人又盼稳定币合成资产。尤其是一个能持续带来高 APY 又尽可能少 Ponzi 风险的稳定币项目。

我个人认为,Ethena 以合约市场反向对冲头寸为锚的切入点需要持续观察,因为平台要扩大稳定币增发量注定了更大程度其会成为市场的「大空头」。

这在一个持续走牛的市场趋势下,若以发行稳定币为主要动因固然向好,但若平台更趋向于利益导向,想在本就捉襟见肘的以太坊 DeFi 协议上刮油水,同时又要靠交易策略利益最大化,这在当下不那么稳定的交易市场挑战性会很大。

但,市场似乎总在重复着类似的故事,大牛市似乎总要靠一些新型金融资产或特殊模式来引爆,Anyway,带着审慎的态度,静观其变吧。

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Welcome to the HTX Community. Here, you can stay informed about the latest platform developments and gain access to professional market insights. Users' opinions on the price of BNB (BNB) are presented below.

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