风投10亿美元背书,Terra瞄准主流采用打造去中心化经济

巴比特Published on 2022-02-23Last updated on 2022-02-23

Abstract

我们可以将 Terra 视为一个主要的稳定币代币,它支持一整套不同的稳定币,每个稳定币都可以追踪一个国家的法定货币价格。

作者:Mary Liu
Luna Foundation Guard (LFG) –Terra 生态系统背后的非营利组织–已通过场外销售 LUNA(Terra 区块链的原生代币)筹集了 10 亿美元。此次融资是加密行业历史上规模最大的融资之一,风投巨擘 Jump Crypto 和三箭资本领投,Republic Capital、GSR、Tribe Capital、DeFiance Capital 和其他未具名资方参与支持。
总部位于新加坡的 LFG 于2022年 1 月份成立,旨在帮助发展 Terra 生态系统。LFG 表示,10 亿美元的出售所得将用于为 Terra 生态最大的稳定币 UST 建立以比特币计价的外汇储备,其创造的储备金将有效地充当 UST 赎回的“安全闸”:旨在确保在加密市场大幅抛售期间,稳定币的价格仍与美元有效锚定。
UST 是一种算法稳定币,与美元价格挂钩,比推终端数据显示,它目前的市值超过 120 亿美元,自去年 11 月以来增长了两倍多。

CHAI


储备金如何运作?
与其他稳定币(例如 Tether 和 Circle 发行的稳定币)不同,UST算法稳定币不使用抵押品来维持其价格,而是依靠市场激励。
Terra 网站是这样解释的:“当对 Terra 的需求很高而供应有限时,Terra 的价格就会上涨。当对 Terra 的需求低且供应过多时,Terra 的价格会下降。该协议确保 Terra 的供需始终保持平衡,从而实现稳定的价格”。
如下图所示,用户可以通过销毁 LUNA 代币来铸造新的基于 Terra 的稳定币(其中 UST 市值最大),同样,他们可以销毁 UST 来铸造 LUNA。他们受到协议的激励,以确保始终可以将价值 1 美元的 LUNA 交易为 1 UST 的方式进行销毁和铸造,反之亦然。

CHAI


但是,如果加密货币市场的抛售侵蚀了这些激励措施,储备金就需要上场了。
LFG 说:“在长期的市场抛售阻止买家恢复 UST 锚定并恶化 Terra 协议的公开市场套利激励措施的情况下,可以使用储备资产”。
储备最初将以比特币计价,LFG 认为比特币与 Terra 生态系统的相关性较低。随着时间的推移,计划将储备与其他非相关资产一起储存,但尚不清楚将使用哪些资产,基本前提是这将确保 Terra 的套利激励保持不变,即使对 UST 的需求急剧下降。
Jump Crypto 总裁 Kanav Kariya 表示,储备机制“类似于有多少中央银行持有外汇储备以支持货币负债并抵御不断变化的市场条件。”
根据 LFG 的公告,Jump 和其他投资者在 10 亿美元出资中购买的 LUNA 将有四年的锁定期。
Terra–算法稳定币龙头
由 Do Kwon 和 Daniel Shin 于 2018 年创立的 Terraform Labs 是 Terra 区块链背后的驱动力。
这家初创公司得到了 Pantera Capital、Coinbase Ventures、Galaxy Digital、Binance Labs、Dunamu、火币资本和 OKEx 的支持,2021 年 1 月通过代币销售筹集了2500 万美元,然后在 7 月为其 DeFi 生态系统基金筹集了 1.5 亿美元。
我们可以将 Terra 视为一个主要的稳定币代币,它支持一整套不同的稳定币,每个稳定币都可以追踪一个国家的法定货币价格。
无论是美元、日元还是欧元,Terra 稳定币都可以一比一匹配任何当地货币价格,并以极低的费用和极快的速度进行交易,最重要的是,在日常交易中易于使用。
除了上文提到的跟踪美元价格的 UST,如果用户不住在美国呢?比方说在韩国(只能花韩元)?没问题,Terra 也有 KRT,这是一种跟踪韩元价格的稳定币。
所以基本上,Terra 只有一项工作,就是在全球范围内用作交易稳定币。

CHAI


上图中稳定币的百分比细分如下:

CHAI


很明显,Tether 和 USDC 是主要参与者,分别占整个市场的 44% 和 28%,UST排名第四,但却是最大的算法稳定币。
Unstoppable Domains 首席执行官 Matthew Gould 曾预测,到 2025 年,稳定币市场将达到 1 万亿美元,即在三/四年内增长约六倍,在撰写本文时,UST占稳定币市场的 6%,如果将此比率应用于Gould 1 万亿美元的预测,到 2025 年,UST的市值将达到 600 亿美元。
现实采用的洪流
Terra Luna 生态系统中已经推出了数百个应用程序,并被应用到现实世界中。例如,Terra Luna 生态系统的重点之一是支付,其中有一些主要参与者,如 CHAI 和 PaywithTerra。
CHAI 是韩国最知名的支付公司之一,由风投巨头软银支持。他们的商业模式非常简单:构建支付应用程序,为用户发行借记卡和信用卡以预先充值,在日常生活中消费,如支付账单、商场购物,并从中获得极高的回报,远高于传统银行。截至 2021 年,韩国前 15 家银行中有 14 家已与 CHAI 整合,它是韩国便利店、超市、书店甚至游戏平台的第一支付方式。
那么,为什么 CHAI 能够提供比传统银行更高的奖励来吸引如此多的用户呢?
这是因为 CHAI 的支付系统建立在完全去中心化的 Terra Luna 区块链上,并采用 Terra 稳定币作为其基础结算货币,消费者通过提高对 Terra 稳定币的需求和提高 Luna 代币的烧毁率而获得回报。
因为,虽然大部分 Luna 代币被烧毁并转换为更多的 Terra 稳定币,但其中一小部分被烧毁的 Luna 代币将奖励给质押者、开发人员,最重要的是,使用 Terra 稳定币进行交易的消费者。
这是一个有趣的部分。
虽然 CHAI 是一家采用加密货币的纯区块链去中心化支付公司,但他们的目标客户群是那些普通的非加密用户。当 CHAI 的客户在超市使用信用卡付款或在移动应用上预订出租车时,他们并没有意识到他们消费的不是韩元,而是 KRT 代币,即追踪韩元价格的 Terra 稳定币。
另一个名为 PaywithTerra 的支付应用程序也是如此。它的工作方式与 PayPal 完全一样,但它是一个完全建立在 Terra Luna 生态系统之上的去中心化支付系统。
Terra Luna 的现实世界采用案例可以不断地进行,从支付到储蓄,从长期投资到短期交易,有超过 200 种不同的应用程序和协议建立在 Terra Luna 生态系统上。
这就是 Terra Luna 最强大的采用案例。
总结
中本聪在 2008 年创建比特币时,其愿景是创建一种点对点的去中心化电子现金;以太坊创建于 2015 年,其愿景是创造世界上第一个可编程货币。
社区都对这种全新的加密货币革命性理念和疯狂的价格上涨着迷,但我们大多数人也承认这些加密货币无法轻松的作为日常货币使用,问问自己,你最后一次使用比特币支付某物是什么时候?
可能永远不会。
所以,加密货币的极致体验应该是创造一种去中心化的货币经济形式,人们可以每天使用它,而且最重要的是,它可以在没有中间人的情况下建立一个全新的无需许可的金融生态系统,而这正是 Terra Luna 所做的。
Terra 正在创建一个由稳定币汪洋连接的金融应用程序群岛,加密研究机构 Messari 2021 年 11 月的报告显示,Terra Luna 是对冲和风险投资公司最受欢迎的投资之一,而Jump/三箭等VC的加注,可能是其蓬勃发展的又一个助推器。



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This allows holders of the LUNA token, the native currency of the ecosystem, to participate in the governance and operation of the network. The dual-token structure differentiates Terra from many other projects, with LUNA serving both as a stake for validators and as a governance token. The mechanism operates in a distinctive way, whereby the supply of LUNA backs the stablecoin UST. If the demand for UST increases, the algorithm automatically adjusts the supply of LUNA to maintain the stability of UST at its dollar peg. Users are enabled to exchange 1 UST for an equivalent value in LUNA, ensuring that fluctuations in demand do not affect the peg. This innovative approach enables the Terra Ecosystem to maintain price stability, one of its primary goals. Timeline of the Terra Ecosystem The development journey of the Terra Ecosystem has been marked by significant milestones: 2018: Establishment of Terraform Labs by Daniel Shin and Do Kwon, laying the groundwork for the Terra Ecosystem. April 2019: The initial release of the Terra blockchain, initiating its journey into the broader cryptocurrency landscape. 2021: Terra experiences remarkable growth as its total value locked (TVL) reaches new heights, positioning it as a dominant player in decentralized finance (DeFi). May 2022: A turbulent period arises as the Terra blockchain is temporarily halted following the collapse of UST and LUNA, leading to a significant impact on market perception and capitalization. January 2024: Terraform Labs files for bankruptcy, marking another critical event in the project's history, sparking discussions on the sustainability and future of the ecosystem. Key Components of the Terra Ecosystem A variety of features contribute to the unique functionality of the Terra Ecosystem: Core Functionality The Terra Ecosystem includes essential functionalities such as managing transaction fees, monitoring price fluctuations, and maintaining historical balances of transactions, all of which are crucial for ensuring user experience and operational integrity. Applications One of the flagship features of the Terra Ecosystem is its diverse array of applications. This includes: Anchor Protocol: A money market protocol that provides high stablecoin yields and tokenized stakes for users seeking to maximize returns on their investments. Mirroring Technology: Enabling users to create assets that mirror real-world assets and trades, allowing for broader use cases and applications. Chai: A payment platform designed to facilitate everyday transactions using Terra's stablecoin technology. Swaps and Exchanges The ecosystem provides functionality for seamless asset exchanges. Notable features include native swapping capabilities and platforms such as Terraswap, allowing users to exchange Terra assets efficiently while benefiting from competitive rates. Governance Governance plays a critical role in the decentralized nature of the Terra Ecosystem. Token holders use their LUNA tokens to propose changes or vote on proposals that affect the network, ensuring collective decision-making and community involvement in the ecosystem's evolution. Notable Projects in the Terra Ecosystem Beyond the core functionalities, the Terra Ecosystem is also home to notable projects that further augment its capabilities: Terraswap: This decentralized exchange (DEX) emerged to facilitate easy swapping of Terra assets, thus promoting a vibrant trading environment within the ecosystem. Astroport: Another DEX known for its high total value locked, Astroport enhances trading opportunities and liquidity provision for users. Loop Markets: This integrated exchange hub offers users a range of trading tools and services, significantly contributing to the user experience across the Terra platform. Conclusion The Terra Ecosystem stands as a significant player within the blockchain and cryptocurrency domains, aiming to create a stable and scalable financial platform designed for widespread cryptocurrency adoption. Although the ecosystem faced dramatic challenges, notably the collapse of its stablecoin UST and the LUNA token, it continues to adapt and evolve in the face of adversity. As the project navigates its future, it remains committed to its foundational vision of building practical products accessible to a broader audience, thereby reinforcing the potential of decentralized finance. The Terra Ecosystem, with its robust features and innovative approach, holds promise as it seeks to redefine the landscape of digital currency use, remaining a focal point for enthusiasts and investors alike in the ongoing evolution of blockchain technology.

1.5k Total ViewsPublished 2024.12.17Updated 2024.12.17

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