垂死挣扎还是绝地翻盘?SBF正面临人生最大赌局:为自己做无罪辩护

PanewsPublished on 2023-10-23Last updated on 2023-10-23

Abstract

联邦检察官将于本周结束此案的审理,而就现有的证据来看,SBF 被定罪几乎是“板上钉钉”的事;但在 SBF 这样的人看来,也许这种“绝地翻盘”的场景才是激起他奋进的时刻。

来源:华尔街日报
编译:比推BitpushNews irvin Cheung
FTX 创始人 Sam Bankman-Fried (通称 SBF)以喜欢冒险而闻名,而他现在也正面临或许是他有生以来最大的一次赌局:为自己做无罪辩护。
这位曾经的加密资产大鳄因涉嫌欺诈、洗钱和其他罪行而在纽约受审,在近三周的时间里,他目睹了自己的一些前同事朋友作为检方证人出庭作证。他们告诉陪审员,SBF 在“完全知情”的情况下指挥实施了一系列犯罪活动,导致 FTX 加密交易所倒闭,数十亿美元的客户资金流失。
联邦检察官将于本周结束此案的审理,而就现有的证据来看,SBF 被定罪几乎是“板上钉钉”的事;但在 SBF 这样的人看来,也许这种“绝地翻盘”的场景才是激起他奋进的时刻。他的辩护律师认为他们理性上不能这样听之任之,但从审判的走势和 SBF 有限的选择来看,这也许是他最后的机会了。

垂死挣扎还是绝地翻盘?SBF正面临人生最大赌局:为自己做无罪辩护


“就目前来看,除非 SBF 做出一些让人意想不到的举动,否则他一定会被定罪。” 前联邦检察官、Reed Smith 律师事务所合伙人 Evan Barr 如是说。
Barr 说,SBF 可能希望他的证词至少能赢得几名陪审员的支持,从而让陪审团对判决结果产生分歧。
在一般情况下,律师会反对被告出庭作证,有时甚至会对其当事人进行模拟审判和交叉质证,来让被告认识到自辩证词在面对检方的质询时会如何出错。但来自 Mukasey Frenchman 律师事务所的辩护律师 Robert S. Frenchman 认为,对像 SBF 这样具有社会知名度的被告来说,期待通过讲述自身故事来影响判决的诱惑力特别大。
“这样的被告认为自己是有说服力的,这在大多数情况下也确实如此。但他们可能忘记将面对的是联邦法官和检方,光有故事和说服力是不够的。” Frenchman 如是说。

垂死挣扎还是绝地翻盘?SBF正面临人生最大赌局:为自己做无罪辩护


自 10 月初庭审开始以来,一连串的证人作证称,SBF 连续对投资人和贷款方撒谎,篡改公司的资产负债表,并挪用 FTX 客户的数十亿资金用于购买奢侈地产、高风险投资和偿还借贷,等等。证人告诉陪审团,这位 FTX 创始人除了将客户资金用在个人物质享受之外,还指示公司进行非法政治捐款,将超过 10 亿美元投入名人代言和赞助,并且长期消极对待对公司资产负债表上的漏洞。
SBF 还被描绘成一个冷酷无情的人。他的前女友、FTX 的姊妹对冲基金 Alameda Research 的前首席执行官 Caroline Ellison 在作证时表示,SBF 曾严厉斥责一名反对向中国官员行贿以拿回被冻结的 10 亿美元加密货币的员工。前 FTX 首席技术官 Gary Wang 作证说,SBF 一直试图向 FTX 客户保证他们的钱是安全的,即使他明知他在撒谎。
SBF 的多年好友、前 FTX 高管 Nishad Singh 说,他现在感到 “遭到了背叛,我和 FTX 所有的雇员在这 5 年里付出了身心,造就了一个我原以为是美好良善的事物,结果居然是个如此骇人的怪物。”

垂死挣扎还是绝地翻盘?SBF正面临人生最大赌局:为自己做无罪辩护


这三名证人已经认罪并与政府合作,他们是检方的核心证人。如果 SBF 选择出庭作证,检察官将有机会就他们的证词对他进行逼问。SBF 需要自己回答这些问题,不会有律师从旁提供建议。
前检察官、Pallas Partners 律师事务所合伙人 Josh Naftalis 认为,被告选择出庭作证就意味着辩方已失去对局势的掌控了。“被告想说什么就说什么,交叉询问的过程会非常糟糕。”

垂死挣扎还是绝地翻盘?SBF正面临人生最大赌局:为自己做无罪辩护


SBF 曾公开表示,他确实在管理上“犯下了过失”,但没有“犯罪”。在庭审的开场陈述中,他的一名律师说,他在试图挽救公司渡过危机时是举动是善意的。SBF 的自辨可能最快于 10 月 26 日开始,目前尚未可知是否会有其他人证与他一起出庭。不过到了这一地步,料想难有其他人愿意出庭支持他的自辨。SBF 的发言人 Mark Botnick 拒绝置评。
虽然 SBF 的律师在检方证人的证词中指出了一些存疑的地方,但他们似乎也没有在这些存疑辩词上找到什么突破。出庭作证至少可以让SBF 有机会直接向陪审员解释,为什么他并不认为犯下了欺诈罪行。
至于 SBF 为什么会出庭作证的一个理由是,他的律师最近正试图让他在审判日期间获得处方药物 Adderall。辩护团队的一名律师说,如果没有这种药物,SBF 将无法集中精力参与到庭审过程中。据悉,SBF 正从监狱管理手中收到要求的药物剂量。
纵观历史,虽然绝大多数被告不会选择出庭作证,但近年来也有一些著名的被告选择自辨。
Theranos 公司的创始人 Elizabeth Holmes 就是其中之一。陪审团去年判定她所面临的 11 项刑事指控中的 4 项罪名成立。一位陪审员告诉《华尔街日报》,陪审员们创建了一个评级系统来评判证人的可信度,在 1 – 4 的评分中,Holmes 得了 2 分,是所有出庭作证的人中得分最低的。
在曼哈顿,前美国众议院议员 Stephen Buyer 在今年早些时候的内幕交易审判中为自己辩护作证。最终法官认定他撒谎并判处了更长的刑期。美国地区法官 Richard Berman 在此人 22 个月的刑期判决中写道:"虽然被告完全有权为自己的行为辩护,但他也有义务说出真相。”
当然被告自辨也有成功的。在 2021 年,威斯康星州立法院陪审团宣判 Kyle Rittenhouse 无罪。Rittenhouse 作证说,他因为感到自己的生命安全收到威胁进行了自卫。
前联邦检察官 Lara Treinis Gatz 说,历史上被告自证成功的案例还是相当少见的。在她 22 年的职业生涯中,只见过一名被告成功自证。而且大部分情况下,最终给被告敲响定罪锤音的恰恰是他们自己。

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