非农数据轰炸美国市场:33万新增就业引发新的加息狂想?

财联社Published on 2023-10-06Last updated on 2026-08-26

Abstract

9月,美国非农就业人数录得增加33.6万,较预期的17万大幅增长,远高于8月的18.7万个。

①美国9月非农数据重磅登场,超33万非农新增就业人数引发美股全线下跌,美债收益率大涨;

②CME美联储观察工具显示,市场对11月加息的押注进一步增加;

③强劲的劳动力市场或许将把美国经济带入更加无法预知的危险深水区。

美国劳工部今晚公布了9月非农就业人口变动及失业率数据。9月,美国非农就业人数录得增加33.6万,较预期的17万大幅增长,远高于8月的18.7万个。

失业率则与8月的3.8%持平,小幅高于预期的3.7%。时薪环比增长0.2%,与8月持平;时薪同比增长4.2%,低于8月的4.3%;劳动参与率保持在62.8%不变,每周平均工作时间为34.4小时,也与上月持平。

这一最新数据无疑显示出美国劳动力市场的强劲,超30万人非农新增就业人数可谓是出乎所有华尔街机构的预料。此前,大型金融机构中,花旗给出了最高的非农预期,但也仅为新增24万人。

报告发布后,美国股指期货大幅下跌,国债收益率大幅上涨。投资者更有理由相信美联储将维持高利率,甚至在通胀高企的情况下进一步加息。

CME的美联储观察工具也表明,市场在最新非农数据公布后加大了对11月议息会议加息的押注。截至目前,投资者认为美联储在11月维持利率在5.25-5.5%的可能性为71.3%,加息25个基点的可能性为28.7%,较一天前增加了8.6%。

危险苗头

行业角度来看,休闲和酒店业带动了9.6万个新增就业岗位,政府部门新增了7.3万个岗位,医疗保健带动4.1万个,专业、科学和技术服务业则新增2.9万个。

由于好莱坞罢工继续僵持,9月电影和录音行业工作岗位减少了5000个,而自5月以来,该领域已经累计减少了4.5万个岗位。

此外,美国汽车工人联合会仍在与底特律三大汽车制造商进行谈判,而周三,美国凯撒医疗集团工会联盟又掀起了美国医疗工作者史上最大的罢工行动。

这些劳动纠纷进一步增加了美国经济的脆弱性,工人们要求的大幅提高薪资有望再次推高美国通胀水平,从而破坏美联储一直以来的努力。

在高工资的威胁下,美国非农数据的远超预期可能为美联储的继续加息埋下伏笔。

另一方面,华尔街也在警告维持高利率水平,以及继续加息可能对美国经济带来大的打击,或会引发严重的经济衰退。

巴克莱银行全球研究主席Ajay Rajadhyaksha还指出,如果美国经济增长放缓,美国政府面临的财政挑战也将加剧。假设不削减支出,利率保持高位,赤字增加可能导致收益率上升,这反过来又会推高赤字。

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