一文弄懂最近大火的BRC-20是什么?

重本聪聪Published on 2023-05-09Last updated on 2023-05-11

Abstract

BRC-20让比特币焕发新生?

2023年3月8日,推特用户@domodata创建了BRC-20标准,随后第二天就有3万个“铭文”被铸造。仅仅两个月,BRC-20代币的市值已接近10亿美元,BRC-20相关的交易费已高达255枚BTC,费用占比达到了40%。本文主要为大家做科普性介绍,并提供一些投资思路。

什么是“聪”?

聪(sat)是比特币的最小单位,一枚比特币等于1亿聪,简称来自中本聪的名字satoshi。

什么是Ordinals?

Ordinals由比特币的前开发者Casey Rodarmor创建的协议,于2023年1月发布。Ordinals可以理解为“编号系统+注释系统”,它给每个聪进行了编号,使每个聪都具有了唯一性,并允许用户在“聪”上添加信息。这样比特币就拥有了2100万*1亿=2100万亿个有编号、可以添加4M信息的“小盒子”。

什么是inscription?

inscription即铭文,指添加在“聪”上的信息。

什么是inscribe?

将铭文添加在“聪”上的过程即inscribe,类似于以太坊NFT的铸造(mint)。

什么是BTC-NFT?

将铭文信息添加在“聪”上后,即铸造了一个BTC-NFT。

BTC-NFT和ETH-NFT的区别?

BTC-NFT可以真正永久的存储在比特币链上,而ETH-NFT只会将NFT的元数据(类似于文章有标题、作者、发布时间、标签等等信息)存储在区块链上,实际的内容数据并不在链上。

什么是BRC-20?

2023年3月,@domodata在Ordinals的基础上,又发布了BRC-20代币协议。实际上就是把代币信息存放在铭文中,从而实现代币的部署和管理。可以将BRC-20理解为BTC-NFT的一种,其不能与智能合约进行交互。

BRC-20会不会归零?

BRC-20理论上可能归零,但BRC-20与“聪”挂钩,“聪”的价值即比特币的价值,只要比特币不会归零,“聪”就有一定的价值。按3万美元/比特币计算,现在每聪的价值为0.0003美元。

什么是BRC-21?

BRC-21是一种跨链标准,可以将其他链上资产桥接到BTC网络。与凭空产生的BRC-20资产不同,BRC-21需要先锁定后铸造,例如将ETH跨链抵押到比特币网络后得到XETH。

什么是ORC-20?

ORC-20可以理解为BRC-20的硬分叉,就像BCH是BTC的硬分叉一样,在分叉后ORC-20对原有规则进行了优化,另外还新增了一些功能,市场上已经有多个类似的试验性产品。

BRC-20的机遇和想象力

1、一切重来的吸引力。就像Meme代币一样,即使没有价值,共识的力量却不容忽视。当所有人都认为BRC-20有价值时,这个故事就成功了。BRC-20提供的是一种一切重来的机会,大家在以太坊上错过的NFT和Meme等,在BTC又可以重来了,FOMO情绪使然。

2、比特币拥有众多实力分叉币。BRC-20同样可以在BCH、LTC、BSV等老牌分叉币上进行,有足够的纵深空间,BCH还是大区块。

3、矿工收益增加。链上交易的活跃让矿工的收益不再依赖于比特币奖励,交易手续费的占比将大幅提高。

4、叙事覆盖面广。NFT、Meme、挖矿、交易所、Web3,几乎所有主流的叙事概念都能和BRC-20沾边,大家曾经见过的故事很有可能在比特币生态里重新演绎。

5、解锁“聪”的价值。“聪”作为比特币的最小单位,在诞生至今并未发挥太多作用,在被赋予价值后,比特币或迎来新的计价时代。

BRC-20的风险和弊端

1、BRC-20代币只是存放在比特币链上的信息,并不具备比特币的安全性和去中心化程度。BRC-20就像写在纸上的信息一样,在没有机构背书前就是一张纸的价值。

2、由于铸造非常容易,成本仅仅是将信息写入区块链中,这会产生大量毫无价值的代币,只有单纯的炒作机会,比山寨币的风险更高。

3、由于铭文永久在链上存储,导致区块变得更加臃肿,链上存储和转账的成本大幅增加,这占用了比特币支付交易网络的资源。

4、目前市场上只有几家小交易所上线了首个BRC-20代币Ordi,大型交易所并没有上架,说明这类代币还处于实验阶段,风险太大,需要谨慎。

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363 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

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