比特币再现分叉叙事!新链eCash计划8月启动,拟预挖中本聪币引争议

marsbitPublished on 2026-04-28Last updated on 2026-04-28

作者:Nancy,PANews

2020年,Bitcoin Cash(BCH)分叉诞生了eCash;五年多后,比特币再次出现分叉叙事,又一个同名硬分叉项目引发关注。

前不久,比特币开发者Paul Sztorc宣布将推出新的比特币硬分叉网络eCash,并将向比特币持有者空投,该消息迅速在社区掀起热议。然而,eCash尚未上线就陷入争议,尤其是新链计划将部分对应中本聪地址的代币预先分配给早期投资者和开发团队。

又迎硬分叉实验,eCash将在今年8月启动

4月28日,Paul Sztorc宣布正在推动一个名为eCash的比特币硬分叉项目,预计于2026年8月21日在比特币区块高度约964,000时正式启动。

该项目将从比特币主链分叉而来,届时所有链上的比特币持有者均可按1:1比例自动获得等量eCash,交易所用户是否能获得空投由平台自行决定。持有者可自由选择出售、保留或忽略这些新币。

Sztorc是比特币长期开发者、Drivechains方案提出者,同时担任比特币网络侧链开发公司LayerTwo Labs首席执行官。

eCash被定位为解决比特币扩展性、创新停滞和治理问题的长期方案。据介绍,eCash的Layer1节点软件将是Bitcoin Core的近乎完整复制版,继续采用SHA-256哈希算法,并大幅降低初始挖矿难度,以吸引更多矿工早期参与。客户端代码将在分叉前30天冻结,并计划在夏季启动多轮漏洞赏金计划。

eCash最大的亮点,是集成7条Layer 2 Drivechains扩容网络,涵盖隐私链(类似Zcash)、预测市场Truthcoin、去中心化交易所CoinShift、NFT资产平台Bitassets、身份系统Bitnames以及量子抗性网络Photon等。这些Drivechains允许在不修改L1规则的情况下实现高吞吐量、可编程性和多样化应用,目标是支持全球80亿用户规模。同时,它们均支持合并挖矿,让矿工在维护主链的同时获得额外收益。

Drivechains是Sztorc于2015年首次提出的比特币侧链扩容方案,后演变为BIP 300和BIP 301 提案。该技术允许矿工使用现有算力维护侧链,将侧链安全性与比特币主网紧密绑定,旨在解决比特币的扩容难题和功能扩展瓶颈。Sztorc自2015年起推动Drivechains,曾尝试以软分叉形式引入比特币主网未果,此次选择硬分叉作为创新实验场。

Sztorc认为,一个由多条L2网络构成的竞争生态,能有效避免开发者权力过度集中,也让比特币具备服务全球数十亿用户的潜力。

与2017年的Bitcoin Cash分叉不同,eCash并未沿用Bitcoin的品牌名称,提前充分通知市场,且将提供分币工具帮助用户安全分离资产。

Sztorc表示,此次分叉并非技术上必须,而是源于比特币社区现状。他认为Bitcoin Core开发者已变得保守、自利、懒惰且腐败,矿工也未能履行最大化收益的责任,比特币文化中存在大量难以修复的深层问题。因此,他选择用硬分叉的方式重启实验。

之所以启用eCash作为名称,是为致敬密码学家David Chaum。上世纪80至90年代, Chaum曾推出同名项目eCash,通过盲签名技术探索隐私电子支付。尽管其公司DigiCash最终于1998年破产,但这一早期实验被视为加密货币演进的重要灵感之一。

拟分配中本聪币惹争议,被批炒作营销

eCash试图通过一次比特币硬分叉,建立一个既继承比特币经济体系、又能大胆推进Layer2创新的实验网络。项目公布后迅速吸引市场关注,但其代币分配机制,也随即引发激烈争议。

根据当前方案,eCash链会完整复制比特币历史账本,包括中本聪约110万枚BTC所对应的长期休眠地址余额。但其中约一半,即50万至55万枚eCash,计划被重新分配给早期投资者与开发团队,用于项目启动前的研发激励、生态建设及吸引贡献者,避免新链因资金不足而沦为僵尸项目。

这一安排迅速遭到部分比特币社区成员反对。批评者认为,此举违背了比特币“代码即法律”的核心原则,本质上是在未经授权的情况下重新分配他人资产映射权益。

知名比特币开发者、Casa首席安全官Jameson Lopp表示,这不是中本聪的比特币,只是那些被认为属于中本聪的UTXO,被复制并修改到另一条完全不同的网络上。这是一次非常聪明的煽动性营销。如果真要在比特币主链上重新分配中本聪资产,只有整个比特币生态系统共同接受该硬分叉。

对此,Paul Sztorc回应称,这是一个“无疑会引发争议的决定”,但也是现实且必要的选择,能有效解决新项目启动时的资源困境。

他同时强调,eCash并不会影响中本聪或任何人在比特币主链上的比特币持仓,原链资产完全不受影响。相反,该方案相当于赠送中本聪约60万枚eCash。同时,任何比特币的转移,始终需要比特币主链的私钥和软件完成。

目前,社区态度明显两极分化。支持者认为,比特币扩容路径只剩大区块或侧链两条路,Core团队长期对两者均持保守态度,eCash至少提供了一次新的实验机会。

反对者则认为,Drivechains赋予矿工过多权力,可能导致早期区块奖励被垄断,甚至在极端情况下形成算力多数派挪用资金的风险。他们认为,这套方案过去已被社区多次否决,如今只是打着新代币的旗号重新包装,未来可能被其他项目效仿。更现实的问题是,历史上多数比特币硬分叉项目最终都未能建立长期价值。

整体来看,eCash目前仍停留在早期提案阶段。未来能否顺利推出、获得市场采用,以及形成可持续的价值,仍存在较大不确定性。

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