Kraken也进军L2领域,L2到底有多赚钱?

Odaily星球日报Опубликовано 2023-11-07Обновлено 2023-11-07

Введение

Coinbase的Base仅在八月就赚了280万美元利润。

原创 | Odaily星球日报

作者 | jk

Kraken也进军L2领域,L2到底有多赚钱?

美国当地时间 11 月 6 日,Coindesk 披露“据不愿透露姓名的消息人士”称,Kraken 正在考虑 PolygonMatter Labs 和 Nil Foundation 等公司,使用他们的技术作为 Kraken 的新 L-2 网络的基础,相关方案尚未公开披露,且对话仍在进行中。Coindesk 在新闻中提到,讨论中可能还有其他团队。

Kraken 的一位发言人说:“我们一直在寻找识别和解决新的行业挑战和机遇。目前我们没有更多信息可以分享。”

Kraken 同时也开始招聘一位资深密码学工程师,工作要求中明确写出需要拥有设计和实施L2解决方案的能力。职位描述中写道:“我们对开源、二层技术、零知识证明、多方计算充满热情,并不断努力探索链上扩容解决方案的潜力。团队最近开始探索如何将更多协议和去中心化应用程序集成到 Kraken 中。”

Kraken也进军L2领域,L2到底有多赚钱?

Kraken 职位描述。来源:Kraken 官网

对于对区块链熟悉的读者来说,L2已经不是什么新的名词。由于以太坊的拥堵和高 gas 费等问题,L2解决方案(也称作二层扩容解决方案)试图在以太坊主链(Layer 1 代表)之上建立网络,通过处理交易和智能合约执行的部分工作放在链下,以提升以太坊的交易吞吐量和缩减用户面临的交易费用。其中 Rollups 是目前较为流行的一种技术,它将多笔交易“卷”在一起,在L2上处理,然后将数据和最终的状态变更提交回主链。这一技术显著降低了交易费用,且增强了以太坊的扩展性。

目前,知名的L2项目有很多:Scroll 和 zkSync 利用 zkRollup 技术,通过 zkEVM 保证交易的正确性;Arbitrum 以其高吞吐量和低成本智能合约解决方案脱颖而出;zkSync 基于 StarkEx 技术,提升交易效率和隐私性;Optimism 以其低成本和快速处理能力吸引用户;而 Aztec Network 则专注于加密交易,提供隐私保护。

这些 Layer 2 网络共同构建了一个更快、更高效、同时保持去中心化和安全性的以太坊生态系统。

在今年八月,Kraken 最大的竞争对手之一 Coinbase 推出了自家的 rollup 解决方案 Base,构建于 Op Stack 之上。这一解决方案旨在扩展以太坊网络,提供低交易费用和高效的处理能力。作为一个 OP rollup 链,它针对 Coinbase 庞大的用户群体,已经与多个主要去中心化应用兼容,显示出 Coinbase 朝向Web3和 DeFi 生态系统扮演更大角色的战略意图。目前,Base 已经成为最著名的L2网络之一,杀手级应用 friend.tech 已经风靡整个币圈,相比起上一段老牌的各大L2网络也是丝毫不让。究其原因,Coinbase 庞大的用户量给 Base 带来了巨大的引流,而对于网络而言流量就代表着金钱。

显然,Kraken 被这一辉煌战绩刺激到了,因此也在与不同技术公司接洽,试图“找到自己的 Op stack”,从而从利润丰厚的L2生意里面分一杯羹。

L2到底有多赚钱?

TVL

根据 DefiLlama 的数据,在所有 rollup 的链当中,统计当中总共拥有 19 条链,Artbitrum 排名第一,TVL 达到了 19 亿美元, 24 小时交易量达到了 4.4 亿美元左右。紧随其后的是 Optimism,TVL 约为 6 亿美元,第三大即为 Base,TVL 达到了 2.94 亿美元, 24 小时交易量为 2091 万美元左右。排名其后的是 zkSync Era,Mantle 和 Linea 等。然而,Artbitrum 主网上线于 2021 年 9 月,Op 的主网上线于 2021 年年底,zkSync Era 上线于今年 3 月(zkSync Lite 上线于 2020 年)。考虑到这些竞争对手的沉淀时间,于今年八月上线的 Base 能够在短短几个月内形成如此规模的 TVL,其背后交易所的大量用户转化功不可没。

根据 Backlinko 数据,Coinbase 目前拥有约 5600 万验证用户,而链上数据显示 Base 网络的用户约为 240 万左右。粗略计算,Coinbase 发布L2网络的转化率约为 4.3% ;这对于拥有 900 万以上注册用户的 Kraken 而言,无疑具有巨大的吸引力。

Kraken也进军L2领域,L2到底有多赚钱?

各大L2网络的 TVL。来源:DefiLIama

链上数据

根据 Dune Analytics 的链上数据显示,Base 网络的盈利首屈一指:在 240 万用户的情况下,目前已经达到了 497 万美元的总利润,其总收入约为 891 万美元左右,边际利润率惊人。如果去掉 ETH 价格浮动的影响,按照每月收入来看,实际上 Base 的利润从八月以来逐月正在收缩, 8 月收入为 1588 枚 ETH, 9 月、 10 月依次为 770 和 370 枚。但就算是利润最少的 10 月,也有折合近 61 万美元的收入,盈利能力很强。参照 Arb 和 OP 同样是从一开始强势随后逐渐收缩至一个稳定水平的走势,Base 的未来收益会逐渐趋于平稳,依托链上的生态来产生稳定的盈利能力。

Kraken也进军L2领域,L2到底有多赚钱?

各大L2解决方案的链上利润。来源:Dune Analytics

基于以上这些数据,不难看出 Kraken 为何也在寻求依托于自身交易所体量的L2网络。Kraken 的这一策略转变不仅标志着其业务的扩张,也反映了整个加密货币行业对于L2网络技术需求的增长。随着行业巨头不断探索和投资这些技术,我们可以预见,未来这些网络将在加密经济中扮演更加核心的角色。

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