比特币狂飙 12.4 万美元,华尔街带着钱 “杀疯了”

Foresight NewsPublished on 2025-08-14Last updated on 2026-05-31

Abstract

宽松将至,流动性驱使的水牛来了

撰文:ChandlerZ,Foresight News

8 月 14 日清晨,比特币价格突破 124,000 USDT,高见 124,076.92 USDT,续创历史新高,日内涨幅 0.62%。几乎同时,美国标普 500 和纳斯达克指数连续多日收于纪录高位。全球风险资产的同步走强,背后是降息预期升温与美元走弱的共振。

目前,比特币的市值(2.457 万亿美元)已超过谷歌(2.450 万亿美元)和亚马逊(2.394 万亿美元),成为全球第 5 大资产,仅落后于黄金、英伟达、微软和苹果。

宏观共振:降息预期与弱美元叙事

最新美国 7 月通胀数据符合预期,平息了市场对滞胀的担忧。根据 CME FedWatch 数据,美联储在 9 月 16-17 日会议上降息的可能性已从前一日的 95% 升至 100%,全年降息 75 个基点的概率超过 50%。

美国财政部长贝森特表示,考虑到就业数据疲软,他认为 9 月降息 50 个基点的可能性很大,而非传统的 25 个基点。他指出,劳工统计局最新数据将 5 月和 6 月的非农新增人数下修逾 25 万,如果当时就看到这些数字,「我们可能早在 6 月或 7 月就已经降息」。他还批评当前利率水平「过于严格」,建议在未来周期内下调 150-175 个基点,接近联储政策制定者认为的「中性」 水平。

降息预期直接降低现金持有的机会成本,推动资金从避险资产流向高收益品种。资金路径呈现典型扩散:先推高美股蓝筹,再流向小盘股和新兴市场,最终进入加密资产。近期美国罗素 2000 小盘股涨幅已明显领先大型科技股。

美元走势是另一核心变量。若后续数据和政策信号推动美元走弱,名义与实际利率将承压,推高以美元计价的风险资产估值。但这种假设仍需验证,未来的通胀与就业数据、美联储沟通基调、美债长端收益率的变化,都可能重新定价降息节奏与幅度。一旦预期落空,风险资产可能同步回调。

此外,美联储内部也在释放宽松信号。理事库克近期称,招聘放缓令人担忧,显示经济可能接近转折点;监管副主席鲍曼预计今年可能适合三次降息。这些表态叠加市场定价,强化了风险资产的乐观情绪。

外界还在关注美联储主席人选的不确定性。特朗普已将继任鲍威尔的候选名单扩大至 11 人,包括现任联储副主席杰斐逊、鲍曼、理事沃勒等,以及部分私营部门人士。尽管与短期行情关系有限,但这一变动可能影响中长期政策倾向。

机构买盘压过新增供给

在宏观环境为风险资产创造温床的同时,比特币自身的需求面貌也发生了根本改变。市场一度将 2025 年比特币的需求来源比作 ETF、企业与政府三驾马车。现在前两驾马车已全力启动,其力量足以抵消比特币网络自身的产出。

截至目前,比特币现货 ETF 年内合计购入约 183,126 枚比特币;全球上市公司增持约 354,744 枚。两项合计超过 53 万枚,而同期全网产出仅约 100,697 枚。供给被持续吸纳,是价格稳步上行的重要原因。

有意思的是,负责管理哈佛大学 530 亿美元捐赠基金的哈佛管理公司 HMC 在提交给美国 SEC 的文件显示,截至 6 月 30 日,其持有约 190 万股 IBIT,价值约 1.166 亿美元。使其成为该基金同期第五大投资,仅次于微软、亚马逊、旅游科技公司 Booking Holdings 和 Meta,略高于其对谷歌母公司 Alphabet 的投资。而同一时期 HMC 持有的 SPDR 黄金信托基金价值约为 1.02 亿美元,这使得比特币持股首度超越黄金,成为其投资组合中引人注目的配置。

根据 Bitbo Treasuries 统计数据,截至 2025 年 8 月 14 日,共有 221 家机构实体持有比特币,持有数量约为 3,638,932 枚比特币,相当于全部 2100 万枚发行量的 17.328%,总市值约 4490.9 亿美元。其中,ETF 持仓占总量的 7.108%,上市公司占比约 4.455%,国家级机构占比 2.463%。

ETF 的意义在于渠道与机制。申赎体系与托管安排为合规资金提供可操作的载体,折价与溢价扰动收敛,增量资金可以按日净流入的节奏进入标的篮子。企业侧以资产负债表配置为核心,Strategy 的样本降低了会计处理与治理层面的顾虑,更多董事会把数字资产配置列入议程。政府层面的推进较慢,但方向明确:美国把执法没收所得纳入储备框架,海湾与亚洲主权资金在 ETF 披露中出现持仓记录。体量当下有限,却能稳定中长期预期。

逼近新高的 ETH,会带领山寨牛回归吗?

比特币吸引大部分注意力之际,ETH 价格已回升至 4788 美元,逼近 2021 年 11 月的历史高点 4,878 美元。推动这轮上涨的是企业财库增持与现货 ETF 资金流入的合力。

企业端,Tom Lee 的 BitMine 计划通过增发股票筹集至多 200 亿美元用于购入 ETH。该公司目前已持有约 115 万枚 ETH,占流通供应量的 1%,并公开目标是最终持有 5%。SharpLinkGaming 也在加码,目标是将其财库规模提升至 30 亿美元以上。资金端,自 2024 年 7 月上市以来,现货以太坊 ETF 已吸引净流入 94 亿美元,其中逾半数来自过去 30 天。本周一更录得首次单日净流入超 10 亿美元的纪录。Bitwise 估算,自今年 5 月以来,企业财库和 ETF 共吸纳的 ETH 数量是同期新增供应量的 32 倍,对市场供需关系形成显著压力。

也有数据称,BTC 市值占比已从 65% 降至 59%,这凸显了在广泛的风险偏好行为背景下,山寨币吸引力日益增强。

此外,谷歌趋势图显示,山寨币「altcoin」搜索量创下五年来新高。

市场中那种对山寨牛市的期待与躁动几乎已无法掩饰。在许多投资者看来,历史的剧本早已写好,比特币冲锋,以太坊接力,随后便是万物复苏的盛宴。他们等待的,只是发令枪响的那一刻。

但很显然,本轮周期出现了显著偏差、BTC 主导地位持续走高,ETH 虽逼近新高,山寨整体表现依然低迷。喧嚣的预期之下,一个不容忽视的现实是,本轮周期的观众席和裁判席上,都坐满了新面孔。

这些手握巨额资金的机构参与者,其投资决策的逻辑与过往的散户截然不同。他们带来的可能不是一场不分你我的狂欢。因此即将到来的,或许并非记忆中的那场盛宴,而是一场需要凭实力入席的晚宴。

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363 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

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