收益争夺战打响,新兴稳定币如何挑战 USDT、USDC 的千亿利润垄断?

深潮Published on 2025-06-20Last updated on 2025-06-20

本文将介绍三款新稳定币协议,它们以 4%-16% 收益率争夺千亿垄断市场。

撰文:Duo Nine

编译:Tim,PANews

稳定币市场正在发生变化,USDT 和 USDC 不会将它们创造的收益回馈给用户,而是据为己有。

这为其他稳定币竞争者了提供了机会。

现在就来看看下面三个项目案例,还有更多案例正在筹备中。

目前稳定币市场份额约为 2500 亿美元,其中 USDT 占 62%,USDC 占 24%。二者合计占据稳定币总市值的 86%。

它们存在什么问题?

USDT 和 USDC 都不向其持有者支付任何收益,所有作为抵押品的美元资产都被投资于美国国债,这些国债能够产生约 4% 的年化收益率,而这些收益全都归 Tether 和 Circle 公司所有,并非用户。

你可能想象得到,2024 年 Tether 以每位员工创造逾 5000 万美元的利润成为全球最盈利的企业,到 2025 年这个数字已接近 6000 万美元。这使 Tether 成为实际存在的最赚钱银行。

但是这也是一个明显的弱点。

持币用户拿不到任何收益,他们必然会强烈要求获得这笔收益的支配权。这对旨在与用户分享收益的其他稳定币而言,正是极佳的切入点。以下三个案例可佐证这个观点。

1.Resolv,USR—8.6% 年化收益

Resolv 拥有两个关键产品。

  • USR:一种由比特币和以太坊 1:1 全额支持的稳定币

  • RLP :Resolve 流动性池代币

可通过如下文所示的比特币和以太坊对冲头寸产生年化收益率。

USR 拥有 168% 的抵押资产作为担保,因此风险极低。其最大风险在于可能失去与美元的锚定关系,但这种情况迄今从未发生。平均 8.65% 的年化收益率更是 AAVE 平台的两倍,表现值得关注。

RLP 是一种通过收益积累价值、随时间推动价格上涨的代币。其收益源自超额抵押品通过杠杆操作投入相同的市场中性策略。RLP 具有较高风险属性,若市场条件不利,代币价格亦可能下跌。

RLP 充当 USR 的缓冲层与保护层,RLP 存款人承担更高风险以换取更高回报,而 USR 用户则受到保护,这种设计机制很公平。

USR 的优势

  • 优于 AAVE 的收益率

  • 由 BTC 与 ETH 全额支持

  • 高透明度

  • 在市场不利的情况下受到 RLP 机制保护

  • 零铸造、赎回手续费

  • 支持无锁仓期的即时质押、解押

USR 的劣势

  • 该服务仅在以太坊网络上提供,可能导致手续费更高。

  • 用户必须质押 USR 代币才能获取收益

2.Noble Dollar, USDN—4.1% 年化收益

Noble Dollar 是由 m0 推出的产品,其核心特点是:用户每日可基于持有的 USDN 稳定币获得 4.1% 的美国国债收益,无需锁仓或质押操作。简而言之,用户的钱包每天都会自动收到额外的 USDN,相当于免费空投。

尽管目前 USDN 的使用场景有限,但它即将在以太坊及其二层网络等多链生态中获得支持。试想将 USDN 质押在 AAVE 中的场景:用户不仅能获得默认的 4% 基础收益,还能额外赚取 4% 到 5% 的 AAVE 激励收益。

这种数字美元的潜在应用场景是无穷无尽的。如果这种美元在未来成功推行,USDT 和 USDC 可能会受到影响。

USDN 的优势

  • 由美国国债支撑的可观收益

  • 高透明度

  • 无需质押

  • 每日结算收益

  • 可以在他们的网站上用法币购买

  • 原生跨链桥可轻松转移 USDC

USDN 的劣势

  • 当前应用场景有限(后续将改进)

  • 收益率低于 Resolv 等竞品

3.infiniFi,iUSD—8.5% 至 16% 年化收益

InfiniFi 属于新一代「稳定币」,可根据用户兴趣及其风险偏好提供不同收益率。要获得 1 iUSD,则需存入 1 USDC,该 USDC 将被用于投资多元化的收益策略。

如果用户想随时提取 USDC 获得即时流动性,收益率就会较低。但若延长 iUSD 锁仓时间,协议可采用更高级的 USDC 策略获取更高收益。虽然风险随之增加,但更高的收益率可能对此形成补偿。

当前的无锁定期利率约为 8.5%。不过,若用户愿意将 iUSD 锁定 4 周或更长时间,则收益率最高可达 16.4%。

总的来说,我不建议将资金锁定数周的时间。这是因为一旦出现问题,你会陷入被动。不过对于稳定币投资而言,这种做法本身是合理的。某种程度上,它类似于短期银行存款的模式。

iUSD 的运作机制是:用户将 iUSD 锁定一至数周后,可为保持 iUSD 流动状态(不锁定)的用户提供保护。若系统出现异常,收益最高的用户将优先承担损失。这类似于 Resolv RLP 用户为 USR 持有者提供保护的模式。为何这套机制至关重要?

想象一个场景:所有持有 iUSD 的人都想提款并拿回自己的 USDC。但只有当前流动性充足时,持有流动 iUSD 的人才能率先退出。

如果流动性不足(由于大量 USDC 被锁定在各种长期策略中),那么 iUSD 可能会与 USDC 失去 1:1 的锚定比例或产生亏损。这是由于提前退出锁定 USDC 长达 8 周的策略可能会产生额外成本。

这些损失将优先由锁仓周期最长的用户承担。从原则上说,该机制能维护 iUSD 的锚定汇率并保护流动 iUSD 持币者。但若清算速度不足,黑天鹅事件仍可能导致 iUSD 脱钩波动。

一般情况下,只要 InfiniFi 不大量持有 USDC 或在策略中遭受重大损失,这类风险较低。但若其长期策略所使用的 DeFi 协议(如 Ethena)被攻破或抽干资金时,风险便会爆发。届时采用锁仓机制的 iUSD 用户将损失惨重,甚至可能损失本金。

iUSD 的优势

  • 超高收益率

  • 高透明度

  • 最低收益率档也可以拥有即时流动性

  • 高收益档为低收益托底

  • 适合不同风险偏好群体

iUSD 的劣势

  • 这不是真正的稳定币,而是 USDC 存款的收据凭证

  • 流动性不足的风险,即没有足够的 USDC 来满足赎回请求

  • 一旦发生流动性枯竭,iUSD 可能「脱锚」

  • 高风险策略或导致收益不达预期甚至本金亏损

  • 该产品与所有用于产生收益的 DeFi 平台的潜在风险挂钩

在投资这类新协议时,我建议先用小额资金测试,务必等待熊市结束后再投入大额资金。这类新型协议必须经过压力测试才能完成市场验证。以 InfiniFi 为例,他们的协议运作模式更类似于吸纳用户资金进行投资的对冲基金。

另一方面,关注这类新赛道的发展至关重要。各类协议组合不仅能提供多样化选择,更能让不同风险承受能力的用户通过拼盘组合策略,以自身舒适的风险水平达成指定收益目标。

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Welcome to the HTX Community. Here, you can stay informed about the latest platform developments and gain access to professional market insights. Users' opinions on the price of USDC (USDC) are presented below.

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