特朗普再喷鲍威尔:大输家,现在就降息!不然要害经济

marsbitPublished on 2025-04-21Last updated on 2025-04-22

继上周四和周五炮轰鲍威尔后,特朗普本周一称,能源和鸡蛋等食品成本下降,几乎没有通胀,但经济可能放缓,除非「太迟先生」、大输家鲍威尔现在就降息。「新美联储通讯社」认为:特朗普呼吁降息旨在缓和贸易战影响,这次关税规模更大、通胀可能比他第一个任期严重,美联储可能更难取舍。

美国总统特朗普又双叒叕炮轰美联储主席鲍威尔,再次要求立即降息,并且以不降息就威胁经济相要挟。


美东时间 4 月 21 日周一,特朗普在社交媒体发帖再次提到他冠以「太迟」(Too Late)绰号的鲍威尔,重申美国国内通胀微乎其微。据证券时报,特朗普在帖子中表示,美国经济增长可能会放缓,除非降息。


特朗普的帖子写道:


「许多人呼吁『先发制人的降息』。随着能源成本大幅下降,食品价格(包括拜登的鸡蛋灾难!)大幅下降,大多数东西价格都呈下降趋势,实际上几乎没有通货膨胀。」

上述成本如他所料趋向下降,「几乎不会出现通货膨胀,但经济可能会放缓,除非『太迟先生』(即鲍威尔)、这个大输家现在就降低利率。」


紧接着特朗普提到,欧洲央行已经降息了七次。鲍威尔之前行动总是「太迟」,除了在美国总统选举期间,当时是为了帮助民主党的总统拜登和副总统哈里斯当选。


继上周四和周五之后,这是欧洲央行最近降息后特朗普第三天公开喊话鲍威尔降息。


华尔街见闻曾提到,上周四,欧洲央行自去年 6 月以来第七次会议决定降息。当天,特朗普先后三次通过社交媒体和公开讲话点名炮轰鲍威尔,他先在社交平台发帖称,鲍威尔「应该尽早走人」,后来说,他对鲍威尔很不满意,他唯一能做的好事就是降息,如果欧洲降息,美联储无动于衷,会让美国处于劣势。


特朗普还暗示,他有能力解雇鲍威尔,称可以立即让鲍威尔走人,要求美联储立即降息,引发舆论争议。


上周五,特朗普在白宫的活动中又一次呼吁鲍威尔降低利率,并淡化对通胀的担忧。特朗普又说,如果我们有一位了解自己在做什么的美联储主席,利率就会下降,他应该把利率降下来。


同在周五,被记者问及是否有解雇鲍威尔这种「前所未有的选择」,特朗普的首席经济顾问、白宫国家经济委员会主任哈塞特回答,特朗普及其团队在研究这个问题,并暗示,鲍威尔领导下美联储的加息和降息做法存在有利于民主党的政治倾向。


「新美联储通讯社」:特朗普旨在缓和贸易战影响 但这次通胀可能更严重


有「新美联储通讯社」之称的资深美联储报道记者 Nick Timiraos 认为,特朗普再次呼吁立即降息是为了缓和贸易战可能带来的影响。


Timiraos 指出,虽然特朗普在第一个任期的 2019 年和 2020 年都对美联储发出过类似的降息威胁,但投资者认为这次形势有所不同。主要原因有二:


  • 一是,相比第一个任期,这次特朗普更愿意挑战制度和法律规范。这次,在共和党主导的参议院中,捍卫这些规范的人比第一个任期时少。
  • 二是,由于特朗普这次征收的关税比第一个任期时征收的规模更大、范围更广,今年的通胀问题可能更加严重。这可能导致美联储面临更艰难的取舍。因此,人们担心美联储可能无法像 2022 年那样通过加息来抑制通胀,这可能会加剧海外投资者近期对美国经济政策制定的怀疑。


芝加哥联储主席强调联储独立性至关重要


对于特朗普最近的降息喊话和解雇鲍威尔的威胁,美联储没有予以直接回应。不过,最近,今年拥有美联储货币政策委员会 FOMC 会议投票权的芝加哥联储主席古尔斯比强调了联储的独立性。


上周日有媒体问及,特朗普的言论是否削弱了美联储作为非政治机构的地位,古尔斯比说,他非常希望美联储不要陷入货币独立性受质疑的环境,因为那会损害美联储的信誉。


古尔斯比在本周一媒体的节目中表示,美联储要让通胀回落到目标 2%,长期通胀预期至关重要。美联储的独立性对此至关重要。古尔斯比说,美联储主席是 FOMC 委员会中最重要的人物,其意见具有举足轻重的影响力。

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