以太坊基金会研究员:Solana 黄金时代结束,将被 ETH L2 超越

marsbitPublished on 2024-11-30Last updated on 2024-12-01

在本轮牛市中,公链 Solana 凭借著交易速度快、gas 费低廉的优势,独揽迷因季热潮的决大部分流量,并且在 11 月 22 日 SOL 代币价格突破 260 美元,刷新历史新高。

反观第一公链以太坊,近期生态发展并未有显著突破,加上高 gas 费问题,让链上用户对其避而远之,进而导致以太坊币价持续萎靡不振。

然而,以太坊基金会研究员 Justin Drake 却在近期表示,Solana 的好日子恐将结束。

以太坊基金会研究员:Solana 黄金时代即将结束


加密媒体 The Defiant 在今(29)日发推表示,在最新一期的 Podcast 中,以太坊基金会研究员 Justin Drake 讨论以太坊 Layer2 如何在延迟以及吞吐量上超越 Solana,并直言 Solana 黄金时代即将结束:

比特币、以太坊与 Solana:竞争焦点各有不同

Justin Drake

如果要总结这场竞争,可以这样说:一方面,比特币的竞争优势在于其稳定性、Lindy 效应(历史持久性)以及货币属性;而 Beam Chain 的重点是极大化以太坊 Layer 1 的效能,因此它与比特币的竞争更加直接。另一方面,Solana 则以性能为核心。

在我心目中的模型中,Solana 的竞争对手其实是以太坊的 Layer 2,而不是 Layer 1 本身。对于 Solana 来说,好消息是它在过去一两年内的两个关键性能指标上表现出色:延迟与吞吐量。

Solana 优势不再:延迟与吞吐量

Justin Drake

延迟方面,Solana 拥有非常短的 slot 时间(时间间隔)。不过对以太坊来说,预确认机制(pre-confirmations)的到来将使延迟大幅改善,甚至超越 Solana。目前,Solana 的平均延迟为 200 毫秒。但预确认机制将把延迟降低至接近 10 毫秒,这意味著在 slot 延迟方面将有 20 倍的改进。

吞吐量方面,今年我们见证了 Layer 2 的蓬勃发展。有一个网站 rollup.wtf 展示了从计算角度(以每秒 gas 数量衡量)来看,吞吐量的增长。以太坊的目标是让整个生态系统处理尽可能多的交易,而 Layer 2 已经展示出其水平扩展的能力。当前,Layer 2 的整体吞吐量已经比以太坊 Layer 1 高出约 100 倍,并且明年很有可能再增长到 1000 倍,甚至 10,000 倍。这是一种可持续且具可扩展性的架构。

与此同时,Solana 采取的策略是将所有活动集中于单个伺服器。每个验证节点都需要一台大型伺服器来处理所有活动,但这些伺服器的性能基本已经达到极限,因此无法大幅提高吞吐量。我认为 Solana 无法在明年将其 gas 限额提升 10 倍,而以太坊则很有可能透过 Layer 2 将整体 gas 限额扩展 10 倍。

总结来说,我们可能即将看到 Solana 的黄金时代结束,因为它曾经引以为傲的两大性能指标将不再具有竞争优势。

有趣的是,Solana 共同创办人 Anatoly Yakovenko 也引用 The Defiant 的推文并附图表示:

Solana 的黄金时代已经结束,多重签名的时代已经到来。

而这篇推文似乎带有嘲讽意味,暗指以太坊基金会缺乏实际成果,只会用「以太坊即将超越 Solana」的言论来激励其生态内的用户与开发者。(注:以太坊生态十分重视多重签名、帐户抽象等技术)


以太坊基金会向 zkVMs 投资数千万美元


另一方面,以太坊基金会研究员 Justin Drake 也在今(29)日发推表示,以太坊基金会正在向 zkVMs 项目投资数千万美元,其中包括 zkRISC-V 形式化验证、Poseidon 密码分析以及 L2beat for zkVMs。

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