什么是加密贪婪恐慌指数

H ForestPublished on 2022-06-06Last updated on 2022-06-06

Abstract

投资者可以利用加密货币的贪婪恐慌指数来确定何时购买资产。

投资者可以利用加密货币的贪婪恐慌指数来确定何时购买资产

加密货币贪婪恐慌指数是由投资分析网站Alternative.me创建的主要加密货币情绪指数。该指数旨在衡量一般市场对加密资产的看法。该指数于2018年2月1日开始衡量投资者情绪。

图片来源:alternative.me

加密货币贪婪恐慌指数的测量范围是0-100,分数越低代表越恐惧,分数越高代表越贪婪。0-24分代表“极度恐惧”,意味着投资者正在大量抛售并退出市场。25-49分代表“恐惧”,这意味着相当数量的投资者正在抛售,而市场兴趣仍然不大。50-74分代表“贪婪”,这意味着大量购买正在发生,导致价格上涨。75-100分代表“极度贪婪”,表明市场非常火爆,市场“泡沫”可能很快就会破裂。

图片来源:alternative.me

截至2022年5月上旬,该指数已达到“10”的阻力位,即“极度恐惧”。如前所述,“极度恐惧”通常意味着价格大幅下跌,投资者正在退出加密市场,而“极度贪婪”通常与价格飙升和新投资者进入市场有关。

之前的“极度恐惧”时刻最近发生在2022年1月、2021年5月、6月和2021年7月、2020年3月和2019年8月,当时该指数达到历史最低点5。最近的“极度贪婪”时刻发生在2021年10月和11月,2020年1月、8月、11月、12月、1月,2020年8月和2019年6月。

对于长期和短期加密投资者来说,加密货币贪婪恐慌指数可能是一个有价值的工具。在恐慌时期,投资者可能希望以较低的成本建立自己的加密资产头寸,而其他人则害怕进入市场。同样,在贪婪时期,投资者可能希望推迟购买新的加密资产,甚至在价格仍然很高的时候卖出部分加密货币。但是,应该指出的是,该指数主要关注比特币,而较少关注其他加密资产,这可能使其准确性和实用性不如预期。

计算加密货币贪婪恐慌指数

图片来源:alternative.me

比特币优势图表,代表用于计算加密货币贪婪恐慌指数的几个加权因素之一

Alternative.me的加密货币贪婪恐慌指数是使用六个主要因素计算的,每个因素都按感知的重要性加权。这些因素包括:

市场动量和交易量(25%):当前的交易量和市场动量是加密货币贪婪恐慌指数考虑的一些最重要的因素。该指数的计算将当前的日交易量和动量与30天和90天的平均值进行比较。更大的销售量和每日负面的市场走势表明巨大的抛售压力,因此增加恐慌。相比之下,大购买量和反复的积极市场走势表明贪婪加剧。

波动性(25%):波动性是另一个重要因素。加密资产的波动性越高,投资者可能越害怕,从而导致该指数得分较低。与市场动量和交易量一样,波动性和价值下降(最大回撤)是与30天和90天的平均值进行比较的。

趋势(10%):加密货币贪婪恐慌指数还衡量了谷歌上加密货币的搜索量,搜索量越高通常会导致潜在的贪婪越大,因此指数得分越高。与其他指标因素一样,该搜索量研究主要关注比特币,并根据感知重要性和数量对搜索词进行加权。然而,并非所有搜索的权重都相同(并非所有搜索都会对指数得分产生积极影响),“比特币市场操纵”和“比特币崩盘”等负面搜索表明市场存在更大的恐惧。

支配地位(10%):支配地位着眼于比特币市值与所有加密货币市值的百分比。通常认为,比特币的主导地位增加(增加的市场份额)代表了一个更加可怕的市场,因为投资者可能将比特币视为加密货币“避风港”。相比之下,该指数将增加的山寨币投资视为一个更加贪婪的市场,更多的投机者愿意投资于鲜为人知的资产,以期获得丰厚的回报。然而,这种方法在当前市场中可能不是一个特别突出的因素,因为比特币在2022年5月上旬的当前市场份额(41.66%,价格约为31,500美元)目前低于比特币在2021年11月的69,000美元的高度时的43%左右的市场份额。这表明在市场恐惧时期,投资者实际上并没有涌向比特币作为“避风港”。这可能归因于ETH以及Tether(USDT)等稳定币的增长,以及BinanceCoin(BNB)等其他山寨币的实力。因此,一个可能更好的支配地位测量可能会考虑前3-4名资产(甚至前10名资产)的支配地位,而不是只计算比特币,并将这些组合资产的市值与市场其他资产进行比较。

调查(15%):虽然这部分计算已暂停,但直到最近,Alternative.me仍利用其姊妹网站Strawpoll.com进行每周加密民意调查,这将用作指数计算的一部分。虽然民意调查仍在进行,但目前并未将其用作指数计算的一部分。

社交媒体(15%):加密货币贪婪恐慌指数利用文本处理算法来解析比特币和Twitter上与加密相关的市场关键词。该算法收集并计算带有加密货币相关主题标签的帖子,并衡量与加密货币相关的帖子的发布速度以及帖子在特定时间段内的互动量。较高的互动率通常对更多的市场贪婪作出反应,而较低的互动率可能表明更可怕的市场行为。与此列表中的其他指数测量一样,社交媒体行为的重点和权重更侧重于比特币,而不是其他加密货币。该指数的创建者目前正在尝试使用类似的文本处理算法添加Reddit情绪分析,该算法可能会在未来几周或几个月内添加到该指数的社交媒体计算中。

指数的使用限制

尽管贪婪恐慌指数很有用,但它并没有告诉投资者任何有关市场时机的信息,也没有声称对未来做出任何有效的预测。因此,即使市场极度贪婪,价格仍有可能进一步上涨并保持在那里。同样,即使市场处于极度恐慌之中,价格也可能进一步下跌并在一段未知的时间内保持低迷。

此外,加密货币贪婪恐慌指数并没有过多关注加密领域的第二大资产ETH。ETH/BTC比率可能是市场走势的另一个重要指标,投资者可能会对此感兴趣。可以说ETH/BTC比率只是衡量比特币市场主导地位的另一种衡量标准,但由于ETH市值很大,将其纳入计算可能会很有用。该指数也不关注加密市场中任何特别高增长的行业,例如稳定币及其相关治理代币,或各种DeFi协议产生的相对市值或利润。

还应该注意的是,该指数也没有将比特币减半考虑在内。由于额外供应减少(意味着比特币通胀率降低),这通常是一个看涨因素。然而,随着更多交易者预计比特币会暂时上涨(以及稍后下跌),比特币减半可能会变得更加悲观,这意味着该信息已经被纳入市场,因此影响较小。

总体而言,加密货币贪婪恐慌指数只是投资者在决定何时购买加密货币时应考虑使用的一种工具,以及各种基本面分析指标。从历史上看,一些长期投资者更喜欢购买加密货币的一种方法是美元成本平均(DCA),以预先定义的时间间隔(例如每月一次)长时间购买相等或接近等量的加密货币,无论市场是贪婪还是恐惧。这样,投资者以低价和高价购买,这通常使他们支付中等价格(不太便宜,不太贵)。

对于日内交易者和波段交易者来说,贪婪恐慌指数也有一些用处,尽管它只能同各种其他技术分析工具和指标一起使用。例如,当市场恐慌且每日下跌很常见时,日内交易者可能更有用的是做小空头头寸;而当市场贪婪时,他们可能更有用的是做多每日头寸。

不管策略如何,投资加密货币总是有风险的,投资者和交易者都应该时刻准备好失去他们投入的任何东西。

iOS应用程序和API

除了在线指数,Alternative.me还为投资者提供了一些其他工具。使用iPhone或iPad的用户可以下载FearandGreedIndex小部件,该小部件将在手机或平板电脑的主屏幕上显示当前的指数数据。要使用小部件,用户需要首先从scriptable.app安装免费的Scriptable应用程序。用户只要对Alternative.me给予适当的信任,就可以将小部件API用于商业目的。

其他加密货币图表和索引

除了CryptoFearandGreedIndex和传统的价格图表之外,还有其他各种加密投资者和交易者可能有兴趣查看的指数。一些最有趣的包括:

DeFiPulseIndex:由DeFi信息聚合器DeFiPulse创建。DeFiPulseIndex是一个市值加权指数,用于追踪DeFi资产在整个市场的表现。

比特币盈利天数图表:该图表显示了持有比特币盈利的日子与不盈利的日子。

比特币股票流量模型:此图表衡量流通中的比特币数量与开采的比特币数量(每年)的比较,并将该比率与比特币的价格进行比较。

CoinDesk大盘股指数:CoinDesk大盘股指数(DLCX)通过市值加权指数追踪一篮子大盘加密货币,覆盖至少70%的数字资产市值。

CoinDesk智能合约平台SelectExETH指数:不(SCPXX)跟踪最大和最具流动性的Eterheum兼容智能合约平台(主要是第2层)的市值加权表现。

除了Lookintobitcoin.com、CoinMarketCap和CoinDesk提供的上述指数和图表外,TheBlock还提供了各种更精细的图表。这些图表将比特币与各种其他资产(包括DeFi资产)的表现进行了比较,将比特币和ETH的市值与各种传统公司的市值进行了比较,并比较了非比特币L1的相对表现。TheBlock还提供了各种其他有用的加密和DeFi图表,包括区块链的TVL(总价值锁定)图表、EVM兼容和非EVM兼容的Layer-1的交易量图表,甚至测量Defi开发的被盗资金量的图表。

结论:加密货币贪婪恐慌指数是一个强大的指标,但有很大的局限性

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