获Paradigm和Lido押注,EigenLayer竞对Symbiotic有何优势?

Odaily星球日报Pubblicato 2024-06-12Pubblicato ultima volta 2024-06-12

Introduzione

​本文介绍了 Symbiotic 共享安全系统的核心概念及其应用前景。

原文标题:From Staking to Restaking

原文作者:Arjun Balaji, Dave White, Georgios Konstantopoulos,Paradigm

原文编译:Ismay,BlockBeats

编者按: 6 月 11 日,Symbiotic 宣布正式上线,并表示已完成 580 万美元种子轮融资,Paradigm 和 Cyber Fund 领投。今早,再质押协议 Symbiotic 发推称,Symbiotic 在 5 小时内达到了 41, 290 枚 wstETH 的质押上限。一出生便被市场重点关注的 Symbiotic 可谓是十分风光。上个月,有报道称 Lido 联合创始人和 Paradigm 正在秘密资助一家新公司 Symbiotic,该公司将参与再质押赛道竞争。Symbiotic 允许用户使用 Lido 的 stETH 与其他与 EigenLayer 原生不兼容的资产进行再质押。也就意味着 Symbiotic 将成为 EigenLayer 的直接竞争对手。

本文介绍了 Symbiotic 共享安全系统的核心概念及其应用前景。Symbiotic 作为一个灵活、无许可的协议,允许网络开发者完全控制质押实施和操作员选择,同时提供广泛的安全服务。短期内,Symbiotic 主要用于启动新共识实例,如新 L1 操作员的选举和去中心化排序。长期来看,Symbiotic 也将支持区块生产和多方计算等用例。此外,Paradigm 还开发了 Reth Execution Extensions(ExEx),以进一步增强基于 Symbiotic 的共享安全服务。

以下为 Paradigm 撰写的 Symbiotic 介绍全文:

去中心化网络需要协调机制来激励并监督其节点操作员。这一机制始于工作量证明(Proof of Work),随后演变为权益证明(Proof of Stake),这是一个重要的发展,使得网络能够通过经济抵押来获取验证者的安全性。下一个前沿是共享安全,它在利用相同的经济抵押的同时,扩大了 PoS 节点操作员可以提供的服务。

Symbiotic 是一个通用的、无许可的协议,通过再质押提供共享安全。我们与 Lido 和其他协议的合作伙伴 Cyber.Fund 一起投资于 Symbiotic。

我们相信,Symbiotic 灵活且无许可的方法将非常适合许多最有用的共享安全消费者,随着时间的推移,它可能成为启动去中心化网络的默认选择。

背景

Lido 是以太坊最大的流动质押代币,基于将质押资本与验证者基础设施(劳动力)分离的洞察而成立,而不需要修改以太坊的共识机制,使用智能合约层以去中心化的方式将用户的质押分配给操作员。这种分离成为「委托」是权益证明系统的自然内在趋势。Lido 通过将质押的以太币与最高质量的基础设施操作员匹配,使权益证明在以太坊上扩展而不影响去中心化。

自 2021 年起,Paradigm 开始与 Lido 协议的贡献者合作。自那时以来,Lido 从约 8 亿美元增长到超过 360 亿美元的质押 ETH 存款,并培育了最强大的节点操作员生态系统:信誉良好、地理分布广泛、多样化且一致。

Paradigm 也长期支持 Cosmos 生态系统,主导了 Tendermint Inc. 的最初 A 轮融资,后来又投资了 Osmosis 和 dYdX。通过 Cosmos,我们观察到每次开发者想要启动新链时,从头开始招募验证者和资本的挑战,这极大地限制了创新的速度。

以太坊质押的自然「第二阶段」是将质押和验证者基础设施和专业知识重新用于超越 L1 共识以同时保护多个协议。这使得建立新协议变得更加容易。Cosmos 率先提出了「共享安全」的想法,而 EigenLayer 的「再质押」认识到以太坊中心的方法可以成功启动这个验证者生态系统。这一原始机制是新颖且强大的,但考虑到超载以太坊共识的风险,需要设计得当以安全地启用有用的应用。

在我们考虑市场时,我们意识到 Konstantin 也对此感兴趣。通过他,我们认识了 Statemind 的创始人 Misha 和 Algys,Statemind 是一家顶级审计公司,与 Lido(即他们的 V2 审计)、Curve、InstaDapp 等有密切合作关系。我们对他们各自的市场看法非常一致,并抓住了合作的机会。

Symbiotic 简介

Symbiotic 是一种全新的共享安全系统。它被设计为一个极其灵活、无许可且可靠的轻量协调层。Symbiotic 允许网络开发人员完全控制其(重新)质押实施和操作员设置。总的来看,该协议的长期目标是提供基础组件,帮助网络在优先考虑安全性和资本效率的同时,导航去中心化的路线图。

灵活性

基于 Symbiotic 构建的协议可以控制其抵押资产、奖励和惩罚标准。Symbiotic 最初将专注于质押的 ETH,因为这是最大的质押资本池。然而,该协议是通用的,可以接受任何 ERC-20 资产作为抵押。随着时间的推移,我们预计 Symbiotic 将服务于多种资产及相关的操作员基础设施群体。

Symbiotic 网络开发人员还将完全控制其操作员选择机制。随着时间的推移,将有可能最大化参与者的数量、地理分布及其与其他协议的重叠、声誉和其他选择标准。

无许可

Symbiotic 的核心合约是不可变的,这消除了外部治理风险。Symbiotic 将永远不会有一个中央多签名、惩罚委员会或其他共享安全服务的许可机制。基于 Symbiotic 构建的服务将能够支持多种不同的惩罚解决机制,我们相信这对于创新至关重要。

可靠性

构建基础设施操作员网络是具有挑战性的,这一点我们在与 Lido 合作时有所了解。Symbiotic 将确保通过引入信誉良好且地理分布广泛的基础设施合作伙伴,并支持较小的操作员,使再质押可以扩展。

应该在 Symbiotic 上构建什么?

在 Paradigm,我们认为再质押协议的核心是委托质押系统。质押者被激励投票支持他们认为会成为诚实验证者的操作员。从某种意义上说,这正是以太坊质押(通过 stETH 和其他流动质押代币)今天已经在运作的方式。

在短期内,我们认为共享委托权益证明安全性的最明确和最安全的用例是为启动新的共识实例:

  • 选举新的 L1 操作员(例如 Cosmos 应用链、侧链等)

  • 去中心化排序

  • 分布式拍卖(例如无领导拍卖)

  • 多方计算(MPC)和阈值解密网络

从长远来看,我们也对 L1 区块生产用例感兴趣,例如新的 MEV 拍卖类型、预确认和基础排序。然而,我们认为区块生产用例可能需要更长时间才能蓬勃发展:它们通常受益于更多 L1 提议者的采用,并且可能对以太坊 L1 构成更直接的安全风险。

为了实现这一愿景,我们还创建了 Reth Execution Extensions(ExEx)。ExEx 允许快速从节点提取和处理数据,并使网络/服务能够与其他 ExEx 对等,以达成最终应该注入以太坊的状态。我们希望将 ExEx 打造成使用 Symbiotic 构建共享安全服务的最佳工具。

当然,Symbiotic 是一个通用系统,开发人员可以在其上构建任何协议,无需获得许可或使用我们的代码库。这些只是我们对最有可能成功的用例类型的直觉。

原文链接

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