# Layer 2 Related Articles

HTX News Center provides the latest articles and in-depth analysis on "Layer 2", covering market trends, project updates, tech developments, and regulatory policies in the crypto industry.

The Future of Cryptocurrency: From Speculative Asset to the Foundation of the Internet

Cryptocurrency is going mainstream, but not through Bitcoin, Ethereum, or NFTs as commonly assumed. Instead, it is becoming an invisible security layer for digital finance and the internet—akin to the shift from HTTP to HTTPS. Stablecoins, which process nearly $9 trillion in adjusted annual volume, rival Visa and PayPal by offering a more secure and interoperable transaction layer on the blockchain. The future of decentralized Layer 1s is not as a "world computer" but as a "world database"—a foundational layer for Layer 2 chains. This model allows applications to run independently while publishing ordered transactions to a shared, secure database. It supports scalability through erasure coding and decentralized validation without requiring global execution. Interoperability is key: applications like PayPal or LINE Pay could operate as independent L2 chains, with cross-chain communication enabling seamless transactions between them. This requires a fast-finality Layer 1 with succinct proofs or trusted execution environments (TEEs) for verification. The vision is a unified financial ecosystem where liquidity flows freely across chains, enabling frictionless transactions and real-time interactions—not through a single monolithic chain, but via a universal base layer for secure cross-chain communication.

coinvoice12/08 04:07

The Future of Cryptocurrency: From Speculative Asset to the Foundation of the Internet

coinvoice12/08 04:07

Crypto Winter is Near. Is Bitcoin Headed for a Deep Correction?

The cryptocurrency market is experiencing heightened anxiety, with high volatility and talks of a "crypto winter" fueling fears of a deep Bitcoin correction. While some investors are moving to stablecoins, others are looking at infrastructure projects built on Bitcoin. Despite being the foundational asset, Bitcoin's limitations—slow transactions, high fees, and lack of flexible smart contracts—hinder its use in DeFi and mass applications. This has increased interest in Layer 2 solutions. Infrastructure altcoins that aim to transform Bitcoin into a base for financial applications are gaining attention. Projects focusing on modular blockchains, virtual machines, and liquidity bridges are being viewed as potential leaders in the next cycle. Among them is Bitcoin Hyper and its token $HYPER, which positions itself as the first Bitcoin Layer 2 integrating the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM). This project aims to combine Bitcoin's security with Solana's high throughput, offering low latency and minimal fees. Bitcoin Hyper's architecture uses Bitcoin for finality and an SVM layer for real-time transactions and smart contracts. It claims to exceed Solana's performance with sub-cent fees, enabling DeFi, NFT platforms, and gaming applications using wrapped Bitcoin. The project has raised $29 million in its early sale, with on-chain data showing significant "smart money" interest. The $HYPER token features staking with high APY and governance rights. Bitcoin Hyper's goal is to address Bitcoin's core limitations, potentially making it a key infrastructure play that benefits from future Bitcoin growth.

bitcoinist12/08 18:10

Crypto Winter is Near. Is Bitcoin Headed for a Deep Correction?

bitcoinist12/08 18:10

BTC Pauses at $90,000 as Fed Sends Dovish Signals

Bitcoin has stabilized around the $90,000 mark, supported by a softer tone from the Federal Reserve, creating a favorable macro environment for risk assets. While BTC solidifies its role as 'digital gold,' its limitations for payments and decentralized applications due to high fees and low throughput remain. This has increased interest in Layer 2 infrastructure solutions that leverage Bitcoin's security while overcoming its technical constraints. Amid this shift, Bitcoin Hyper emerges, aiming to be the first Bitcoin L2 integrating the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM). It focuses on practical applications like fast, low-fee BTC payments, DeFi protocols, staking services, and NFT platforms, targeting Solana-level speeds. The project's presale has raised over $29 million, indicating significant demand. Its native token, $HYPER, currently priced at $0.0134, has speculative potential for substantial growth if the protocol captures a share of the Bitcoin L2 market. Large investors are already accumulating the token, and a staking program with high APY is planned to incentivize holders post-launch. The combination of Bitcoin's price surge, a supportive macro backdrop, and the growing need for scalable Bitcoin infrastructure positions projects like Bitcoin Hyper to potentially bridge the gap between Bitcoin's security and modern decentralized application usability.

bitcoinist2 days ago 18:45

BTC Pauses at $90,000 as Fed Sends Dovish Signals

bitcoinist2 days ago 18:45

New Huo Tech Livio: Ethereum Fusaka Upgrade Value Underestimated

New Huo Tech's Livio argues that the Ethereum Fusaka upgrade, completed on December 3, is significantly undervalued by the market. Occurring during a period of extreme pessimism and a major crypto market correction, the upgrade went largely unnoticed but represents a critical strategic improvement to Ethereum’s economic model and ecosystem performance. Fusaka systematically tackles two core bottlenecks: high costs and poor user experience. It achieves a "cost revolution" by dramatically reducing Layer-2 (L2) transaction fees—potentially as low as $0.001 per transaction—without overburdening the Layer-1 (L1) mainnet. This enables economically viable high-frequency applications like on-chain gaming, social dApps, AI agent settlements, and RWA (Real World Asset) trading. The upgrade also delivers a user experience leap by natively supporting Passkey authentication, allowing users to sign transactions using biometrics like fingerprints or FaceID instead of managing complex seed phrases. This shift makes using crypto wallets as seamless as conventional apps, lowering the barrier to entry for mainstream adoption. Most importantly, Fusaka fundamentally overhauls Ethereum’s tokenomics. It establishes a structured "taxation" system where L2s must pay fees to the L1 for security and data capacity. These fees are burned, creating a stable, endogenous "buyback" mechanism for ETH. As L2 activity grows, this is projected to result in an additional 3,000–10,000 ETH burned annually, shifting Ethereum from an inflationary to a deflationary or slightly inflationary model. This ties ETH's value directly to network usage, strengthening its role as the risk hub and settlement layer for the entire L2 economy. With Fusaka, Ethereum’s scaling roadmap is affirmed, with potential L2 TPS reaching 10,000 and eventually 100,000+. The upgrade is a pivotal step towards mass Web3 commercialization, and its strategic long-term value is currently underestimated by the market.

marsbitYesterday 04:45

New Huo Tech Livio: Ethereum Fusaka Upgrade Value Underestimated

marsbitYesterday 04:45

Ethereum Network Fees Drop 62%: Is ETH Price at Risk?

Ethereum network fees have dropped 62% over the past 30 days, raising questions about potential risks to ETH’s price. Despite this decline, the network shows resilience through strong layer-2 growth and maintained price support levels. Key data from Nansen indicates a significant cooling in Ethereum base-layer activity, with fees falling more sharply than on competing chains like Solana. However, layer-2 solutions such as Base and Polygon have seen substantial transaction volume growth—108% and 81%, respectively—suggesting that Ethereum’s expanding ecosystem remains dynamic. Ethereum’s recent upgrade, Fusaka, may have contributed to lower fees by improving rollup efficiency. Meanwhile, ETH’s price rose over 11% amid softer U.S. employment data, though it remains 32% below its August peak. On-chain metrics show reduced activity in decentralized applications (DApps). DEX trading volume on Ethereum fell to $13.4 billion from $23.6 billion four weeks earlier, and DApp revenue hit a five-month low. Total value locked (TVL) in Ethereum DApps also declined, dropping from $100 billion to $76 billion over two months. Still, Ethereum maintains a dominant 68% market share among smart contract platforms. Perpetual futures funding rates held near 9%, reflecting balanced leverage market sentiment. Broader institutional and regulatory developments, including positive comments from former SEC commissioner Paul Atkins on blockchain adoption, may support longer-term confidence. In summary, while Ethereum’s base-layer demand has softened, strong layer-2 growth and ongoing ecosystem development suggest underlying strength. Current data does not indicate fundamental weakness in ETH’s market structure.

cointelegraph_中文Yesterday 08:55

Ethereum Network Fees Drop 62%: Is ETH Price at Risk?

cointelegraph_中文Yesterday 08:55

Interop Roadmap "Acceleration": After Fusaka Upgrade, Ethereum Interoperability May Take a Key Leap

The Ethereum Fusaka upgrade, while primarily noted for expanding blob capacity and reducing L2 data costs, introduced the underappreciated EIP-7825—a critical enabler for Ethereum’s ZK and interoperability roadmap. EIP-7825 imposes a per-transaction gas limit (~16.78 million gas), preventing "mega-transactions" from blocking entire blocks. This change makes proof generation parallelizable, transforming it from a logic-bound challenge into a solvable computational problem. As a result, real-time ZK proofs become feasible, even for large blocks, paving the way for near-instant finality. This upgrade supports the development of L1 zkEVM, which can serve as a trust anchor for L2s, enabling secure, instant cross-chain communication without relying on optimistic challenge periods or centralized bridges. Furthermore, the shift from zkEVM to more efficient zkVM architectures is accelerated by EIP-7825, as zkVMs can leverage parallelization for faster, cheaper proof generation. Ultimately, these advancements are key to achieving seamless interoperability—not just for asset transfers, but for generalized cross-chain logic and communication—bringing Ethereum closer to a future where users experience a unified, chain-agnostic interface powered by real-time ZK verification.

深潮10h ago

Interop Roadmap "Acceleration": After Fusaka Upgrade, Ethereum Interoperability May Take a Key Leap

深潮10h ago

Bitcoin Price Surpasses Open Interest Following FOMC

Following Bitcoin Price Surpasses Open Interest After FOMC Following the FOMC announcement, Bitcoin's price demonstrated the instability of leverage in the current market cycle, fluctuating between $92,000 and $89,500. This volatility liquidated billions in open positions on major derivatives markets. Despite the extreme swings, capital continued flowing into high-conviction crypto projects like Bitcoin Hyper ($HYPER), a Bitcoin Layer-2 solution combining Solana-level transaction speeds with Bitcoin's security. U.S. traders added over $38 million in new Bitcoin exposure ahead of key macroeconomic data. The sentiment remains cautiously optimistic, with analysts viewing the $90,000 level as a critical psychological and structural support. A sustained break above $92,000 could open a path toward the $100,000–$110,000 resistance range. Post-FOMC, the market saw a healthy reset with open interest dropping and funding rates normalizing. U.S. institutional flows via ETFs remained strong, indicating long-term investor confidence. Analysts from Bernstein project a potential long-term move to $200,000, while others like Matrixport forecast a mid-cycle consolidation around $120,000–$150,000. Concurrently, Bitcoin Hyper is gaining attention as an ambitious L2 project, having raised over $29 million in its presale. It aims to solve Bitcoin's scalability issues by enabling seamless cross-chain movement with instant, low-fee transactions. Its architecture and staking rewards position it as a high-beta play on Bitcoin's adoption, attracting capital shifting from speculative altcoins to core infrastructure projects.

bitcoinist3h ago

Bitcoin Price Surpasses Open Interest Following FOMC

bitcoinist3h ago

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