谁来扛旗?失去“大哥”后,以太坊如何在后基金会时代前行

marsbitPublished on 2026-05-26Last updated on 2026-05-26

Abstract

以太坊基金会(EF)正主动退居二线,其核心人才持续流失、多次出售ETH,引发社区不满。Vitalik Buterin回应称,EF当前仅持有约0.16%的ETH供应量,未来将精简并专注于技术研究,但维护ETH价格不属于其职责。EF的角色转变标志着以太坊进入依赖社区自驱和多元协作的“后基金会时代”。 与其他新兴公链(如Solana、Base)基金会积极主导生态扩张的模式不同,EF坚持长期主义,更依赖开发者理想主义而非高额激励。Vitalik强调,以太坊应避免陷入性能竞赛,而需专注CROPS(抗审查、抗掠夺、开放、隐私、安全)核心价值,保持独特性。 尽管面临价格压力,以太坊主流化进程加速,两家相关公司有望纳入Russell指数,带来潜在资金流入。社区期待新领袖出现,例如持有大量ETH的BitMine。未来,以太坊需在技术路线与社区价值观间取得平衡,以开启新的增长阶段。

作者:Nancy,PANews

当Solana、Base等头部公链正全力下场抢开发者、抢流量、扩张生态时,以太坊基金会(EF)却选择主动退居二线。

核心人才持续流失,叠加多轮ETH卖压,围绕EF的FUD情绪不断升温。如此佛系策略,正在持续消耗市场对EF的信任。

5月25日,Vitalik Buterin发表长文回应近期争议,提出EF只是带着特殊使命的普通节点,并明确EF接下来的精简战略,以及未来的技术路线,更直言维护ETH价格不属于EF的职责范畴。

在失去“带头大哥”之后,以太坊将如何在后基金会时代继续前行?

从执行主义到长期主义,公链基金会风格分化

近期,基金会核心成员流失、频繁的ETH出售行为,以及生态执行力争议不断发酵,使得外界对EF的质疑不断升温,甚至出现了另起炉灶的声音。

与此同时,Vitalik最新披露,当前EF仅持有占ETH总供应量约0.16%,远低于许多公链基金会常见的10%—50%区间。

换句话说,EF最初约600万枚ETH分配(占初始总供应量的8.3%),已在过去十年消耗剩余约10万枚ETH。如今EF无论在资金储备,还是人员规模与组织执行力方面,已难以继续承担支撑庞大生态高速运转的角色。

作为行业最具代表性的纯基金会之一,EF长期专注于协议研究、公共产品开发与开源生态扶持。尽管EF并不直接控制以太坊网络,但凭借早期积累的ETH储备以及Vitalik等关键开发者的持续影响,其长期被视为以太坊生态的重要协调与推动力量。

然而,随着以太坊生态逐步走向成熟,EF与Vitalik正有意弱化其中心化影响力,转向更低调的幕后支持角色。这一转变,一方面源于对中立性与长期主义立场的坚持,另一方面也受限于现实压力。

随着EF的角色在以太坊中弱化,对于生态项目而言,过去那种高度依赖基金会资源扶持的单一增长路径正在逐渐失效,生态扩张正转向以社区自驱创新与多元外部协作。

其实,不同公链的基金会模式,不仅塑造了各自的治理文化,也决定了生态的成熟度、去中心化程度与长期演进路径。

相比之下,其他新兴公链仍处于激烈扩张阶段,基金会在其中扮演着更为激进且主导性的角色。例如Solana、Aptos、TON等新兴公链,采用更灵活的基金会驱动模式,通过早期持有较高比例的代币储备,实施高强度资源投入、持续激励计划,以及DAT公司支持等,甚至创始团队直接下场推动,维持较高的执行效率与增长速度。

Base则代表了另一种路径。作为Coinbase支持的L2,其并未依赖传统独立基金会结构,而是通过母公司资源与商业网络驱动生态发展,并辅以生态系统基金推动开发者与应用集成。这种模式的优势在于资源整合效率极高,能够快速实现用户增长与产品落地。

Polygon和Avalanche等则采用基金会与Labs并行的混合架构,基金会负责治理透明度和社区公共事务,Labs则专注产品开发与商业执行,既避免了单一实体过度集权,又提升了决策与落地速度;Hyperliquid基金会则走更金融原生的治理路径,通过代币机制将治理权、经济激励与生态发展基金深度绑定,并将部分资源用于政策研究与外部沟通,增强了生态的自生性和适应性。

更为重要的是,由于新兴公链仍处于激烈的扩张竞争阶段,它们普遍采用高额现金薪资与丰厚代币激励,大举吸引开发者资源,在短期人才争夺战中占据明显优势。相比之下,以太坊在薪酬层面不具备竞争力,更依赖开发者的理想主义驱动、开源文化认同,以及长期生态声誉来维系贡献。与此同时,早期进入以太坊生态的核心开发者,大多已在上一轮牛市中获得可观的财富回报。部分成员逐渐从一线开发与维护岗位退出,导致生态持续性执行人力出现明显不足。

可以说,ETF的转型,既是以太坊发展演进的结果,也是在资金与执行力受限后的长期生存选择。

基金会将减少卖币,ETH价值增长需更多大户

“以太坊基金会干了很多技术的活,不过市场把它看成公司,所以这种预期的差距导致大家不满。话说,都是价格惹的。”加密KOL蓝狐笔记一语道破重点。

对于以太坊社区而言,几乎所有争议最终都绕不开ETH价格低迷的问题。

加密记者Laura Shin指出,自坎昆升级以来,以太坊的一系列路线选择始终缺乏对代币经济学的充分考量,过度侧重意识形态而忽略资本市场与价格表现,导致社区与投资者产生不满。而让外部组织参与只能帮助业务拓展,并非从根本上解决ETH资产层面的市场问题。

更重要的是,竞争才刚刚开始。Laura Shin认为,当下正处于现实世界采用的关键阶段。然而,相比竞争对手积极抢占市场、吸引开发者与资本,以太坊基金会却越来越像是在依赖过去的成功。尤其当生态内最具竞争力的人才持续流失时,这种放任式态度最终反而可能帮助竞争对手壮大,甚至催生新的挑战者。

Vitalik在长文中也回应了市场质疑。他强调,ETH是以太坊区块链最有价值的产品,目前以太坊网络所承载和保护的ETH价值规模已达到约2500亿美元。而他自己超过90%的个人净资产也都配置在ETH中,其余部分则主要为约4000万美元的链上法币资产,并已全部投入开源生物科技、软件及硬件项目。

但Vitalik同时表示,尽管基金会未来会减少出售ETH,但维护ETH价格并不属于EF的职责范围。在他看来,以太坊生态中已经存在大量资金实力远超EF的个人与机构,真正推动ETH资产价值增长,需要更多生态“英雄”一同努力。EF也正规划与这类组织建立联系,为其提供必要的初期扶持。

区块链研究员William Mougayar也表达了类似观点。他认为,ETH本质上是一种资产,以太坊则是共享计算基础设施,而以太坊基金会只是负责推动协议发展的非营利组织。其长期目标之一,甚至是“让创始人本身逐渐变得不再重要”。

随着EF正主动退居幕后,ETH也正在进入一个更加依赖生态自驱的新阶段

社区对于ETH价格焦虑的同时,以太坊的主流化进程正在加速。两家以太坊DAT公司BitMine和Sharplink有望在今年6月29日被纳入美国Russell指数。其中,BMNR将被纳入Russell 1000 Index和Russell 3000 Index,SBET将被纳入 Russell 2000 Index和Russell 3000 Index。

据BitMine董事长Tom Lee表示,按照BitMine当前107.5亿美元市值计算,若成功纳入,BitMine将迎来至少21.5亿美元买盘资金。

蓝狐笔记则进一步指出,全球跟踪Russell 2000与Russell 3000指数的资金规模高达万亿美元级别。一旦正式纳入,相关指数基金便必须配置对应股票,这相当于给SBET和BMNR打开了被动资金的闸门,让大量原本并不接触加密市场的普通投资者可以自动持有,把以太坊推向了传统金融的主流通道。被动基金的买入会形成真实需求,尤其在纳入生效前后,往往会带来股价的短期支撑,长期看也会提升股票的流动性和机构持有比例。需要说明的是,虽然这些资金买入的是股票,而非ETH本身,但可能会间接强化ETH的市场需求。

后基金会时代,以太坊社区下一个领袖可能是谁?Tom Lee开始自告奋勇,他背后的Fundstrat和BitMine被社区视为最佳候选者,BitMine已持有约528万ETH,占总供应量的4.37%,是全球最大的ETH金库。

拒绝性能战争,坚守CROPS价值观

除了以太坊基金会的新定位,Vitalik还分享了对以太坊未来技术路线的个人思考。

在Vitalik看来,以太坊必须打造独特且难以复制的竞争力。当下AI技术飞速迭代,整个科技行业迎来爆发式增长,如果以太坊仅固守现有EVM架构,每年仅通过周期性硬分叉来满足短期用户需求,将逐渐失去吸引力。

他认为,单纯追逐高速扩容,仅比其他公链在去中心化程度上略有优势,最终只会让以太坊沦为平庸。以太坊需要扩容,更要注重CROPS,即抗审查、抗掠夺、开放、隐私、安全五个维度。

事实上,过去几年,市场对于公链竞争的关注重点,几乎全部集中在性能、成本与用户增长上。无论是Solana、Sui还是各类模块化叙事,本质上都在围绕“更快、更便宜、更易用”展开竞争。

但Vitalik显然并不希望以太坊继续陷入这场性能竞赛。因为从现实结果来看,以太坊其实很难在性能层面彻底战胜新一代高性能公链,而如果为了性能不断牺牲自身特性,又会逐渐失去其最核心的价值基础。

Vitalik特别强调,对于以太坊与比特币这类底层基础设施级公链而言,即便出现34%节点离线,绝不能依赖社会共识或硬分叉“救场”,这对Hyperledger、BNB、Solana等链或许可接受,但对以太坊、比特币、Zcash等是不可接受的。

与此同时,状态扩容也是以太坊的重点研究方向。而设计合理的L2网络,仍然能够持续为生态提供价值。尤其是在交易、隐私等垂直场景中,专属L2依然具有重要意义。此外,随着纠删码P2P技术以及其他优化方案推进,以太坊未来的区块间隔也有望进一步缩短。

相比生态繁荣,如今的Vitalik似乎更关注以太坊保持不可替代性,一种带有Vitalik价值观的技术路线。

在Vitalik看来,如果一家公司为了坚持原则而显得过于教条,最坏的结果也只是自身发展放缓,但技术进步依旧会由其他公司继续推动。而最好的结果则是,一家真正与社区价值观深度契合的公司,能够获得社区自发的支持、人才和营销资源,这种支持是单纯通过金钱难以获得的。其认为,此前部分AI公司尝试通过有效利他主义实现类似效果,但由于后果主义容易被腐蚀,最终效果有限。

后基金会时代,尽管EF以中立和长期主义为名逐步淡出以太坊的中心舞台,但它能否真正平息市场负面舆论,仍是一个未知数。更关键的问题在于,处于下跌周期的以太坊,如何通过路线改革开启上涨通道,是市场更为关心的课题。

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