# Пов'язані статті щодо Smart Contracts

Центр новин HTX надає останні статті та поглиблений аналіз на тему "Smart Contracts", що охоплює ринкові тренди, оновлення проєктів, технологічні розробки та регуляторну політику в криптоіндустрії.

Vitalik's Latest Long Read: In the AI Era, How Can Code Become More Secure?

Vitalik Buterin explores the role of formal verification as a critical tool for software security, especially in the AI era and for blockchain systems. He defines formal verification as using machine-checkable mathematical proofs to verify that code meets specified properties, moving beyond manual auditing. The article highlights that while AI can generate code and find vulnerabilities rapidly, it also makes formal verification more accessible by assisting in writing proofs. This is crucial for Ethereum's complex components like STARKs, ZK-EVMs, consensus algorithms, and high-performance EVM implementations, where bugs can lead to irreversible losses. Vitalik argues that formal verification enables a powerful "separation of concerns": AI can write highly optimized (e.g., assembly) code for efficiency, while a separate, human-readable specification defines correctness. A machine-checked proof then verifies their equivalence. This paradigm can create a more secure "trusted core" of software. However, he cautions that formal verification is not a panacea. "Proven correctness" depends on the accuracy of the specifications and proofs themselves, which can be wrong or incomplete. Risks include unverified code sections, hardware-level side-channel attacks, and overlooked assumptions. The true goal is not absolute proof but increased confidence through redundant expressions of intent—using code, tests, types, and formal proofs—and automatically checking their consistency. The article concludes that AI and formal verification are complementary: AI enables scale, while verification ensures accuracy. For critical systems, this combination offers a path toward stronger security in a future with powerful AI adversaries, helping to maintain the defensive advantage essential for a decentralized internet.

marsbitВчора 09:56

Vitalik's Latest Long Read: In the AI Era, How Can Code Become More Secure?

marsbitВчора 09:56

Understanding the Key Issues of Tokenization in One Article

The core of tokenization lies in eliminating friction in financial infrastructure, not speculative digital assets. The true value is in near-instant settlement (T+0 vs. traditional T+2), 24/7 liquidity, fractional ownership, and the disintermediation of financial processes. Tokenization represents real-world assets (real estate, bonds, private equity) as digital tokens on a blockchain, functioning as programmable digital deeds that enable self-custody and automated ownership tracking. It addresses four key problems: 1) Settlement Speed: Atomic, near-instant settlement replaces multi-day processes. 2) Liquidity: Enables secondary markets for historically illiquid assets. 3) Fractional Ownership: Drastically lowers investment minimums by automating administrative overhead. 4) Disintermediation: Replaces trust-based functions of custodians and clearinghouses with self-executing smart contracts. This is not about cryptocurrency speculation. Major institutions like J.P. Morgan (Onyx), BlackRock (BUIDL), and Goldman Sachs are building the infrastructure, focusing on reliable asset management. Significant hurdles remain, including uncertain legal frameworks, lack of different blockchain platforms, and resistance from intermediaries protecting their revenue streams. Tokenization doesn't create a frictionless utopia but fundamentally reshapes the cost structure and efficiency of global financial infrastructure, representing its largest reorganization since the advent of electronic trading.

marsbit04/16 08:40

Understanding the Key Issues of Tokenization in One Article

marsbit04/16 08:40

‘Competition is fierce’ – Inside JPMorgan’s plan to take on blockchain rivals

In his annual shareholder letter, JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon outlined the bank's strategy to compete with emerging rivals in the blockchain space, acknowledging that "competition is fierce." He highlighted the rise of new competitors utilizing blockchain technology, including stablecoins, smart contracts, and tokenization. To maintain its leading position, JPMorgan plans to heavily invest in and accelerate its understanding and implementation of artificial intelligence, particularly in product design and customer-focused blockchain solutions. The bank is already active in the sector through its digital payment platform, Kinexys (formerly Onyx), which tokenizes assets on networks like Solana and Ethereum, targeting a $13 trillion tokenized asset market by 2030. Its JPM Coin aims to facilitate over $1 billion in daily transactions. Dimon also addressed challenges, noting that the bank's large size can bring disadvantages like complexity and bureaucracy but can also be an advantage in deploying capital-intensive technologies like AI and compliant infrastructure. Additionally, he cited global geopolitical tensions and potential economic impacts, such as stickier inflation and higher interest rates, as significant roadblocks. Despite these hurdles, Dimon expressed confidence in JPMorgan's ability to sustain its top-tier performance.

ambcrypto04/07 12:10

‘Competition is fierce’ – Inside JPMorgan’s plan to take on blockchain rivals

ambcrypto04/07 12:10

Yongche Founder Zhou Hang: Cryptocurrency, Finally Its Time Has Come

Cryptocurrency, after years of being perceived primarily as a speculative asset or a complex technological curiosity, is finally finding its true purpose: not as money for humans, but as money for machines. While cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum failed to become practical daily payment tools for people due to volatility, poor user experience, and regulatory complexities, they are perfectly suited for the emerging Agent-to-Agent (A2A) economy. In this new paradigm, AI Agents autonomously transact with each other—purchasing data, API calls, or computational resources—using crypto wallets and smart contracts. They require no customer support, handle micro-payments efficiently, and operate across borders without traditional banking hurdles. Protocols like x402 are reviving the long-dormant "402 Payment Required" HTTP status code, enabling machines to negotiate and pay for services seamlessly within milliseconds. We are witnessing a fundamental shift: machines will use cryptocurrency as a high-frequency, efficient medium of exchange in the background, while humans continue to use traditional fiat currency for daily life. Cryptocurrency isn’t replacing the bank account; it’s becoming the silent, foundational layer of a new machine-driven economy.

marsbit04/05 07:10

Yongche Founder Zhou Hang: Cryptocurrency, Finally Its Time Has Come

marsbit04/05 07:10

Google’s Documentation Talks About XRP And You Won’t Believe What It Says

Google's recent quantum computing research report discusses the XRP Ledger (XRPL) and its efforts to protect against quantum threats. The report highlights that XRPL is among the networks conducting experimental deployments of post-quantum cryptography, specifically noting its testnet deployment of ML-DSA signatures. It also recognizes XRPL's significant role in Real World Asset (RWA) tokenization, where it currently ranks 8th with $1.9 billion in tokenized value. However, Google points out that the account model and smart contracts used by networks like XRPL introduce new quantum vulnerabilities not present in Bitcoin. While XRPL, alongside Algorand and TRON, has an advantage with native key rotation, the transition to quantum-resistant systems is complex and will take years. Despite challenges, networks including XRPL are making notable progress in adopting post-quantum cryptography.

bitcoinist04/03 21:32

Google’s Documentation Talks About XRP And You Won’t Believe What It Says

bitcoinist04/03 21:32

IMF Evaluates Tokenization Sector: Calls For Roadmap To Address Systemic Shifts

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has released an assessment of the tokenization sector, predicting rapid growth in the on-chain representation of financial claims. It warns that this shift could reshape the global financial system and introduce new systemic risks. The IMF highlights that traditional crisis-management tools, which rely on jurisdictional control, may be inadequate for tokenized systems that operate across borders at high speeds. To address these challenges, the IMF proposes a five-point policy roadmap: 1) Anchor settlements in safe forms of money to minimize risk; 2) Adopt global regulatory standards aligned with "same activity, same risk" principles; 3) Ensure legal clarity on token ownership and finality; 4) Develop common standards for settlement and cooperative oversight to manage cross-border risks; 5) Adapt liquidity and crisis-management frameworks for a continuous, automated environment. The IMF emphasizes that implementing these measures will require sustained cooperation between public authorities and private sector participants globally.

bitcoinist04/03 12:38

IMF Evaluates Tokenization Sector: Calls For Roadmap To Address Systemic Shifts

bitcoinist04/03 12:38

IMF Flags Financial Stability Risks Amid Growing Tokenization Boom

The IMF acknowledges that tokenization can increase transparency and reduce friction in finance but also warns it poses significant risks to financial stability. While atomic settlement and automation may reduce some traditional risks, they introduce new ones, making the overall impact uncertain. The tokenized asset market, currently valued at over $27.6 billion (excluding stablecoins), is projected to reach between $2 trillion and $16 trillion by 2030. The IMF report highlights both positive effects, such as faster cross-border payments and greater financial inclusion, and negative consequences, including increased capital flow volatility and threats to monetary sovereignty. It cautions that risks are shifting from banks to shared ledgers and smart contracts. Major institutions like BlackRock and the Intercontinental Exchange are advancing in tokenization, but the IMF warns that without legal clarity on ownership and settlement, these markets risk becoming fragmented and insignificant.

TheNewsCrypto04/03 10:38

IMF Flags Financial Stability Risks Amid Growing Tokenization Boom

TheNewsCrypto04/03 10:38

IMF warns tokenized finance could reshape — and destabilize — global markets

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) warns that the rapid growth of tokenized finance could fundamentally reshape global financial markets while introducing new systemic risks tied to speed, automation, and market structure. Tokenization is not merely an incremental improvement but a structural shift that reconfigures financial architecture by replacing traditional intermediaries with smart contracts and shared ledgers. As of early April, tokenized real-world assets have reached approximately $27.5 billion, with U.S. Treasury products comprising over $12 billion. This indicates strong institutional demand for yield-bearing assets rather than retail-focused products like equities. While tokenization enables near-instant settlement and reduces counterparty risk, it also removes traditional buffers that absorb financial shocks. The IMF highlights concerns that automated processes—such as margin calls and real-time settlements—could accelerate liquidity stress during volatility. Additionally, smart contract vulnerabilities and platform fragmentation may complicate cross-border coordination and regulatory oversight. The IMF stresses that balancing innovation with stability will be crucial, urging policymakers to adapt regulatory frameworks to manage emerging risks in this rapidly growing sector.

ambcrypto04/02 16:26

IMF warns tokenized finance could reshape — and destabilize — global markets

ambcrypto04/02 16:26

Cardano Founder Hoskinson Just Released A Free Book On Zero-Knowledge

Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson has released a free, 357-page book titled "Proving Nothing: A Layered Guide to Zero-Knowledge Proof Systems" under a Creative Commons license. Designed as a non-technical introduction, the book uses a seven-layer framework to explain ZK systems, covering topics from cryptography and proof systems to private smart contracts and zkVMs. Hoskinson stated the project aims to address the low understanding of ZK technology and also serves as an introduction to Midnight, Cardano’s privacy-focused network. The book is intended to be a living document, with plans to update it as Midnight develops and new advancements emerge.

bitcoinist03/30 13:32

Cardano Founder Hoskinson Just Released A Free Book On Zero-Knowledge

bitcoinist03/30 13:32

This Major Cardano Upgrade Could Change The Network’s Trajectory

Cardano member organization Intersect has announced the upcoming pre-release of the Cardano Node 10.7.0 upgrade, a key step toward the Van Rossem hard fork that will introduce Protocol version 11. This upgrade aims to enhance smart contracts and node performance, with new Plutus built-in functions to be introduced. The hard fork is not expected to cause issues with hardware wallets, as it includes no serialization changes. 2026 is viewed as a pivotal year for Cardano, with developments including the Van Rossum hard fork, the privacy-focused Midnight mainnet, the regulatory CLARITY Act, the Ouroboros Leios upgrade, and potential ADA ETF approvals. These factors could drive institutional adoption and growth. At the time of writing, ADA is trading around $1.38.

bitcoinist03/23 17:31

This Major Cardano Upgrade Could Change The Network’s Trajectory

bitcoinist03/23 17:31

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