韩国券商一句业绩“不及预期”,SK海力士大跌12%,存储板块全线承压!

华尔街见闻Опубліковано о 2026-07-13Востаннє оновлено о 2026-07-13

Анотація

券商:长期逻辑未变,关注盈利可持续性

7月13日,韩国本地券商KIS发布SK海力士第二季度业绩预测报告。预计SK海力士Q2营收80.9万亿韩元,环比上涨54%,同比大涨264%;营业利润为60.4万亿韩元,环比增长61%,同比增长556%。

数字看起来亮眼,但问题在于:市场共识预期为65万亿韩元,KIS的预测低于共识约8%。

这一偏差,直接引爆了市场。

韩国股市开盘后,SK海力士股价迅速跌超10%,跌破200万韩元关口,较6月25日历史高位在短短三周内回调幅度达33%。

HBM占比高,反而拖累了ASP

KIS在报告中解释了利润不及共识的核心原因:SK海力士的HBM(高带宽内存)营收占比高于同业,出货占比偏高,导致其平均售价(ASP)涨幅低于市场平均水平。

这个逻辑乍看反常——HBM是高端产品,占比高不是应该更赚钱吗?

关键在于定价结构。HBM通常以长期供货合约(LTA)锁定价格,合约价格相对固定,短期内不会随市场行情大幅上调。而普通DRAM和NAND在现货市场上的价格弹性更高,当市场整体涨价时,这类产品的ASP涨幅反而更大。

SK海力士HBM占比偏高,意味着它在这一轮市场均价上行中“吃到的涨价红利”比同业少。

同期普通DRAM、NAND的现货均价还在飙升——KIS预测Q2 DRAM均价环比上涨约30%,NAND上涨约50%——但海力士的整体ASP涨幅被HBM的合约价格"拖了后腿"。

下调源于LTA重新测算,非基本面恶化

KIS在报告中明确指出,此次下调不是业绩担忧,而是将已签订的长期供货合约(LTA)价格假设纳入测算后的修正结果。

报告原文表述为:“这是将已签订的LTA纳入价格假设、对预测进行现实化调整的结果,并非对业绩的担忧。”

KIS同时下调了2026年和2027年营业利润预测,分别较此前低约9%和11%。但该券商强调,随着HBM4从第三季度起正式大批量出货,市场均价上行将带动整体ASP走高,届时SK海力士的ASP涨幅将回归市场平均水平。

KIS预测,2026年Q2营业利润率将达到74.6%,创历史新高,此后每季度持续上升。

该券商维持目标价380万韩元及增持评级,认为本次预测下调只是短期扰动,不改变中长期业绩上行趋势。

“暴增556%却不及预期”:市场情绪的裂缝

同比增长556%,在任何行业都是极为强劲的数字。但资本市场的逻辑是:重要的不是涨了多少,而是有没有达到预期。

市场此前已将65万亿韩元的共识预期充分定价。KIS的预测比这个数字低了约4.6万亿韩元,相当于直接宣告"预期过高"。

这触发了两层担忧:一是短期业绩不及预期的直接冲击;二是HBM高占比是否构成结构性隐患——即SK海力士越是押注HBM,在合约价格锁定期内,其ASP弹性就越受限。

叠加SK海力士上周五刚刚登陆美股,部分押注"打新"的资金在ADR上市后选择套现,进一步加剧了抛压。

踩踏蔓延:港股ETF、A股存储股同步下挫

SK海力士的跌势迅速传导至周边市场。

港股方面,2倍做多SK海力士杠杆ETF单日跌超22%,2倍做多三星电子ETF跌超13%。

A股存储概念股同步跟跌,兆易创新、北京君正、江波龙、佰维存储等多只核心标的跌幅超7%。

但从更宏观的视角看,存储半导体板块近半个月整体进入调整期,部分个股跌幅已超20%,触及技术性熊市分界线。这背后还有全球资金在AI内部及各市场间进行配置再平衡的因素,包括"卖芯片、买云"的轮动逻辑,以及港股市场的阶段性反弹吸引资金回流。

券商:长期逻辑未变,关注盈利可持续性

尽管引发了市场震荡,KIS在报告中的整体立场并不悲观。

该券商认为,随着存储行业向3至5年LTA合约结构转变,企业估值的核心驱动力将从"单季度ASP涨幅"转向"高盈利能力能持续多久"。

KIS报告指出:"从现在起,需要关注的是盈利的可持续性。LTA的扩大正在降低存储行业长期以来的业绩波动性。"

该券商预计,随着合约型营收占比提升,以及HBM产能扩张对整体供给形成挤压,SK海力士的高盈利水平将得以长期维持,估值也将随之重新定价。

目标价380万韩元对应当前股价仍有较大上行空间,KIS维持增持评级。

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