Morpho 吸金 120 亿之谜:这些大户到底在玩什么?

深潮Опубліковано о 2025-10-15Востаннє оновлено о 2025-10-16

超额抵押借贷协议成为市场中性基金实现杠杆收益的意外解法。

作者:hersch & Dr.Larpist CEO CTO PHD LGBT

编译:深潮TechFlow

不知道你有没有注意到,现在 Morpho 上竟然随随便便就有 120 亿美元的资产挂在那里。

120 亿美元够退休了吗?

让我来给你梳理一下这里到底发生了什么,因为乍一看,这一切完全不合逻辑。这是一个超额抵押贷款协议——意思是你每存入 1 美元,它大方地返还你 0.75 美元。那么……到底谁会用这个机器?谁会愿意锁定比实际能取出的资金还多的资本?这看起来完全是反着来的吧?像是史上最糟糕的交易协议。但别急,跟我一起深入看看那些真正使用它的人,以及他们在做什么,你会发现一些真正有趣的事情。

看看 Morpho 上第二大金库的持仓情况。

这些奇怪的标志是什么?

认真的,看看这些东西。这不仅仅是某个傻子把毕生积蓄压在了垃圾币上,也不是某个鲸鱼在交易所之间套利。这是一组精心构建的资产组合,从表面上看,竟然显得……几乎是专业的?战略性的?像是某些真正懂行的人在操作?

事实证明,这里发生了一些很酷的事情……

DeFi 正在复制传统资产管理模式。

传统金融的核心玩法:世界上 10 大对冲基金中的 8 家——这些真正的大佬们管理着数千亿美元的资产——基本上都在做同样的事情。他们构建多元化、接近市场中性的投资组合,通过系统性对冲市场风险(Beta)来提取超额收益(Alpha),然后对整个投资组合施加杠杆以放大回报。这就是他们的操作手册。这是传统金融中大资金运作的方式。说白了,这并不是什么火箭科学,只是结合了精细的风险管理和杠杆,用来放大原本平平无奇的收益。

但奇怪的是:DeFi 居然没有投资组合杠杆

整个行业里没有一个去中心化交易所(DEX)提供这种几乎被每一家大型资产管理公司广泛使用的功能。想想看,我们建立了一个完整的平行金融体系,有自动做市商(AMM)、收益聚合器、永续合约、期权协议、借贷市场——应有尽有,但却完全忘了实现机构级投资组合管理所需的核心工具。

那么这和 Morpho 有什么关系?Morpho 连简单的无抵押贷款都不提供,更别提让机构交易员感到如鱼得水的复杂投资组合保证金功能了。

这是一道真正的“高级料理”。

事实是,上面截图中那些五颜六色的标志——看起来像是 DeFi 协议但又有点不对劲的东西——实际上是几乎完全在链下交易的市场中性基金。这些是真正的基金,由真正的人管理,运行着传统市场中的真实策略。但巧妙之处在于:他们把这些策略包装成链上的代币,仅仅是为了分发。这基本上是一个包装器,让 DeFi 用户能够接触到链下策略,而不必面对传统基金管理中的行政噩梦、合规要求、KYC、合格投资者审查,或者低效的操作速度。

Morpho 的金库管理者(Vault Curators)将这些代币收集起来,构建多元化的市场中性链下基金组合。他们本质上扮演了基金中的基金(FoF)管理者的角色,挑选要纳入的策略,确定权重,并在整个投资组合中平衡风险。用户和投资者则可以通过金库对这些多元化的市场中性组合进行循环杠杆操作——存入抵押品,借出资金,再将借出的金额重新作为新的抵押品存入,如此循环往复,将杠杆叠加在一个本质上是市场中性且机构级策略的投资组合上。

所以,那台“75 美分的自动售货机”突然变得合情合理了。

如果你在运行一个市场中性策略,能够产生稳定、低波动的收益,那么通过循环杠杆将策略放大 3 到 4 倍的能力,可以将原本每年 8% 的回报变成更具吸引力的 24% 到 32% 的回报。而由于底层投资组合是市场中性的,并且分散在多个不相关的策略中,即使施加了显著的杠杆,清算风险仍然相对较低。

DeFi 已经找到了一种完美复制传统资产管理核心机制的方法——多元化、市场中性和投资组合杠杆——通过这个最不“愚蠢”的超额抵押贷款协议实现的。这并不优雅,也不是任何人设计这个系统时的初衷。但它确实有效。而那 120 亿美元静静地躺在 Morpho 上,就是明证。当你给人们提供工具时,他们总能找到方法,用临时性修复解决方案和超额抵押借贷协议重建他们真正需要的金融系统。

我对这一切的真实反应。

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