场内流动性枯竭,空头随时反扑

币市操盘手2022-10-11 tarihinde yayınlandı2022-10-11 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

随着流动性逐渐退潮,场内的风险偏好也下降至年内冰点。

10月7日,在美国9月份非农数据超预期的影响下,美联储11月加息75个基点的概率从85.5%上升至92%,纳斯达克指数随之重挫接近4%,科技股全面崩盘。受外围恐慌的拖累,大饼快速由涨转跌,并再次失守20000大关。无独有偶,在美联储大幅加息预期进一步强化的同时,布伦特原油本周大涨超过17%,通胀反弹的压力骤然上升。如果9月CPI回落再次不及预期,那么市场仍有进一步下行的压力。

在加息周期,美国收割全世界通常有两种方式:一是做空出险经济体的股、债、汇;二是低价抄底出险经济体的优质资产。所以,在美联储大幅加息以来,以桥水为代表的华尔街对冲基金在欧洲市场累计建仓了近千亿美元规模的看跌期权,而以高盛和黑石为代表的华尔街投行则趁英国养老金和瑞士信贷相继陷入流动性危机,以极低的折扣接盘了它们优质资产。

欧洲之所以成为美国资本本轮加息周期的重点围猎对象,是因为欧洲是过去创造离岸美元信贷最多的地区。加之俄乌战争的影响,欧洲庞大的债务泡沫在美元利率上升的过程中显得尤为脆弱。所以,在美国资本没有真正吃饱之前,离岸美元流动性紧张的困境似乎无解。

在美联储连续大幅加息后,流动性紧缩效应几乎渗透到资本市场的每一个角落。进入10月份,几个公认不刷量的交易所流动性近乎枯竭。Glassnode数据显示,Bitfinex上的ETH/USD 24H的交易量下降至800万刀左右。Kraken上的ETH永续合约24H的交易量仅有9.8万刀,创下5年来的最低纪录。当下的困境跟2018年10月份的情况十分相似,流动性危机最终只能通过价格大跌来化解。

然而,上一轮紧缩周期终结于2019年美元荒的爆发,但这一轮紧缩周期我们并不知道终点在哪。如果按照美联储点阵图给出的终点利率(4.5%)指引,那么市场的痛苦至少再持续半年。但令人庆幸的是,美联储的点阵图从发明至今就从来没有靠谱过。笔者始终认为,加息的速度越快,加息结束的时点就会越早。

随着流动性逐渐退潮,场内的风险偏好也下降至年内冰点。CoinMarketCap数据显示,2022年首发项目的破发率为80%,其中NFT项目的破发率为95%。就连最近引发以太坊GAS费用暴涨的FOMO项目XEN,也在上线的第二天彻底破防,币价一天内从0.018下跌至0.0015,跌幅高达91%,毫无赚钱效应可言。受到新币首发遇冷的影响,许多项目方开始推迟代币的发行计划,这使得9月份以来新项目的发行数量呈现断崖式下跌。

一直以来,我们总是强调,在风险偏好下行的周期里,流动性差的资产总是首当其冲。按照这个规律,小币种和NFT的下跌仍远远没有结束。特别是NFT,其最终的跌幅一定会刷新你的认知。

最近,有社区成员问,自己明明看空行情,为什么一波行情下来,不仅拿不住空单,还总是经不住做多的诱惑?实际上,与牛市的缓涨急跌相反,熊市最明显的特征就是急涨缓跌,也就是上涨短暂却极具爆发力,而下跌虽然趋势明朗,但是过程却十分磨人。对于大部分散户而言,价格的弹性往往比趋势的确定性更具吸引力,即高赔率比高概率更重要。所以,无论舆论如何悲观,技术走势多么糟糕,市场永远不会缺乏押注超跌反弹的投资者,这也是熊市期货多空人数比始终居高不下的原因。

一直以来,散户交易都有一个习惯那就是,尽量选择在行情平稳的情况下开仓,因为这样可以平滑验证自己的预判。但从社区成员大量案例的汇总来看,平开几乎是当下胜率最低的策略之一,主要原因有两点:1、市场大多数时间都以震荡为主,很多投资者都没有耐心等到变盘的出现;2、主力的操盘手法极其刁钻,变盘前总会反向诱多或诱空,平开容易在币价插针的过程中触发止损或者爆仓。

相反,最近专注于波动率收敛的策略却获得了极高的胜率,但在大涨的时候做空,在大跌的时候做多,逆势开单往往都需要强大心理素质。当然,同一策略在不同时期的有效性总是不同,波动率收敛策略也可能在下一个阶段完全失灵。而在减量博弈阶段,场内幸存资金都是成精一样的存在,单一策略的适应性也开始逐渐变差。总之,当下合约市场的操作难度堪称地狱级,非专业投资者不建议参与杠杆交易。

在外围形势不断恶化的影响下,加密市场依然存在较大的下行压力,预计18000的大饼将再次面临考验。本周四,美国劳工布将公布9月份CPI数据,届时市场将出现新一轮行情的变盘点,如果9月CPI能够出现超预期的改善,那么行情可能会在CPI公布后触底反弹。

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