美国财长贝森特:可能圣诞节前宣布美联储主席人选,美联储应回归幕后角色

深潮2025-11-25 tarihinde yayınlandı2025-11-26 tarihinde güncellendi

鲍威尔任期至2026年,当前美联储内部对降息存在分歧,而12月会议仍有望实现第三次降息。

撰文:李佳

来源:华尔街见闻

美国财政部长贝森特 11 月 25 日表示,特朗普总统可能将在圣诞节前宣布新任美联储主席人选,这为市场提供了相对明确的政策时间表。

当地时间周二,据媒体报道,负责寻找鲍威尔继任者的贝森特周二接受采访时透露,他仍有一场面试待完成,目前不会对谁将出任美联储主席作出任何猜测。贝森特称:

「我认为总统很有可能会在圣诞节前宣布消息。但这完全取决于他的权利,无论是在圣诞节假期前还是新年后。但我认为一切进展都很顺利。」

贝森特同时提出对美联储职能的改革主张,认为央行应「回归幕后」,简化其复杂的政策工具箱。他特别指出,美联储建立的充足准备金制度已显现裂痕,尽管决策者决定从 12 月起停止缩表以维持流动性,但当前包括常设回购便利在内的多种工具使体系过于复杂。他称:

「我认为我们必须推动事务简化。美联储是时候退居幕后了,就像过去那样,让局势恢复平稳,真正为美国人民服务。」

这位财长还质疑了美联储当前的沟通机制,暗示央行官员发言过于频繁。他强调,货币政策、资产负债表和监管政策之间存在复杂的联动关系,这正是他们在遴选新主席过程中重点考察的能力维度。

此前,特朗普持续向美联储施压要求降息,甚至以解雇相威胁,表示他「很想」解雇鲍威尔,并鼓励贝森特「努力影响」美联储主席降低关键利率。特朗普甚至开玩笑地对贝森特说:「如果你不快速解决问题,我就解雇你。」对此,贝森特回应称:

「如果你当时在房间里,就知道他肯定是在开玩笑。货币政策现在已经变得非常复杂,不仅仅是降息那么简单了。」

美联储现任主席鲍威尔的任期将于 2026 年 5 月到期。目前美联储内部对进一步降息的必要性存在分歧,根据纽约联储主席约翰·威廉姆斯最近的声明,市场普遍预期 FOMC 将在 12 月的会议上批准连续第三次降息。

据了解,最终候选人名单包括国家经济委员会主任 Kevin Hassett、前理事 Kevin Warsh、贝莱德高管 Rick Rieder,以及现任美联储理事 Christopher Waller 和 Michelle Bowman。

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